Alexander II13 July 1878
Retains Kars, Ardahan and Batum as major Russian gains from the war with the Ottoman Empire.
Russia · Warfare / Russia War. Chronological records rendered directly from the World History Database.
Retains Kars, Ardahan and Batum as major Russian gains from the war with the Ottoman Empire.
This factsheet is generated from stored World History Database records matching the country, broad category, detailed category and exact Event value shown above. Duplicate display records are collapsed; database wording is otherwise preserved. Source provenance varies by record, so formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.