United States of America · Warfare / World War, 1st. Chronological records rendered directly from the World History Database.
The Fourteen Points in Wilson's speech are based on the research of the Inquiry, a team of about 150 advisers led by foreign-policy adviser Edward M. House into the topics likely to arise in the anticipated peace conference
The 14th point, "A general association of nations must be formed under specific covenants for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike"
The 1st point, "Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view".
The 2nd point, "Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants".
The 3rd point, "The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers and the establishment of equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves for its maintenance".
The 4th point, "Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety".
The Fourteen Points in Wilson's speech are based on the research of the Inquiry, a team of about 150 advisers led by foreign-policy adviser Edward M. House into the topics likely to arise in the anticipated peace conference.
Wilson's speech takes many of the principles of progressivism that had produced domestic reform in the US and translated them into foreign policy (free trade, open agreements, democracy, and self-determination). Wilson is awarded the 1919 Nobel Peace Prize for his peace-making efforts.
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