Northampton in History

Edward sends Harold to negotiate with the Northumbrian rebels as their forces move south.

Harold conveys a message from Edward for Northumbrian rebels to lay down their arms

Harold carries Edward's proposals to the Northumbrian rebels and negotiates rather than attempting to restore Tostig by force.

Harold takes a message from King Edward for Northumbrian rebels to make peace

Morcar joins forces with his brother Edwin and Mercian supporters at Northampton.

Harold meets the rebel leaders at Northampton and attempts to negotiate a peaceful settlement.

Mercian and Welsh forces reinforce Morcar's position while negotiations with Harold develop.

The rebel host reaches Northampton, increasing pressure on Edward to abandon Tostig's restoration.

Morcar considers peace proposals delivered during Harold's attempt to settle the revolt.

Harold receives demands for Tostig's outlawry and Morcar's recognition from the northern coalition.

The southward march of the rebels demonstrates that Edward lacks support for a military restoration of Tostig.

Secretly leaves Northampton to seek exile abroad

Thomas Becket is accused of embezzlement & contempt of court

Defends himself by use of the "benefit of clergy". Accused of embezzlement while Chancellor

Barons demand the charter of Henry I & the laws of Edward the Confessor

Rebellious barons seize Northampton

John orders his mercenaries into London after the Battle of Northampton. After the barons attack Northampton John offers concessions

Barons renounce their allegiance to John, Fitzwalter leads an attack on Northampton

Leads a rebel force against Northampton Castle but it is well defended by King John

Arrests the younger Simon de Montfort

Nottingham surrenders to Henry III

The Royal Army attacks Simon Montfort but is held back on the first day

Prince Edward captures Northampton from the rebellious barons

The Royal Army captures Simon Montfort & captures his head quarters at Northampton

Edward I retreats from Scotland & spends the winter at Northampton

The Treaty of Northampton ratifies Scottish independence

The Treaty of Northampton ratifies Scottish independence

The English agree to return the Stone of Scone & surrender the Ragman Roll

The Treaty of Northampton ratifies Robert the Bruces Scottish throne & acknowledges Robert the Bruces victory in the Scottish War of Independence. The Treaty of Northampton provides for marriage between Edward's sister Joan & Bruces son David. The Treaty of Edinburgh is ratified in England by the Treaty of Northampton. The English agree to return the Stone of Scone & surrender the Ragman Roll

Seizes 20,000 pounds promised by the Scots as compensation for their incursions into England

Airmyn is associated with the English political settlement after the treaty

Wake is among nobles with interests threatened by the peace

Beaumont opposes the settlement because it damages disinherited claims

Wake is among nobles unhappy with the peace terms

Disinherited nobles oppose the settlement made with Robert I

Parliament confirms the treaty ending war with Scotland

Joan is pledged to David Bruce as part of the peace settlement

Treaty accepts the Anglo Scottish border as it stood under Alexander III

Edward's government abandons claims to overlordship of Scotland

The treaty formally ends the First War of Scottish Independence

Treaty terms provide for Joan to marry David son of Robert I

Mortimer helps force through the peace with Scotland

English claims of overlordship over Scotland are abandoned by treaty

Isabella backs ratification of the treaty with Robert I

Edward's minority government accepts peace with Robert I

England recognizes Robert I and his heirs as rightful rulers of Scotland

England recognizes Scotland as a separate and independent kingdom

England recognizes Robert I and his heirs as kings of Scotland

Edward III's government recognizes Scotland as a free kingdom

Treaty terms include English agreement to return Scottish royal symbols

Treaty terms include an English promise to return the Stone of Scone

Ratifies the treaty recognizing Scottish independence and Robert I's kingship

English parliament ratifies the peace recognizing Scottish independence

English parliament ratifies the peace terms agreed at Edinburgh

Mortimer secures parliamentary approval for the treaty with Scotland

Killed at the Battle of Northampton

Buckingham is buried at Grey Friars, Northampton

Captures Henry IV & returns to London with him

The Battle is shortened when Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent turned traitor to the King and ordered his men to lay down arms, allowing the Yorkists access to the camp. Buckingham, the Earl of Shrewsbury and the Lords Egremont and Beaumont are killed by a group of Kentishmen

Captured at the Battle of Northampton & forced to acknowledge Richard as his heir

Death of Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, killed at the Battle of Northampton

Escapes from the Battle of Northampton & assembles a Lancastrian Army in the nth

Launches a successful assault on King Henrys earthwork camp. Defeats a Lancastrian force marching on London & re-captures Henry VI

Birth of Edmund Grey, 1st Earl of Kent, 4th Baron Grey de Ruthyn

Richard III joins Lord Rivers who is escorting Edward V to London to be crowned

Rivers is arrested by Richard III on the advice of Buckingham

Charles appoints Astley Sergeant-Major-General of the Royalist infantry.

Essex assembles Parliament's main field army at Northampton.

Mutinous Leveller troops under William Thompson occupy Northampton

Mutinous Leveller troops under William Thompson occupy Northampton

A Parliamentary force under Colonel Reynolds defeats the Levellers