Munich in History

Reaches settlement with Frederick III after years of civil war.

Louis IV continues ruling while in conflict with the Avignon papacy

Death of Louis IV, during a bear hunt near Munich, age 60

The Electors of Mainz, Cologne, and Trier had proposed an army of 20,000 men and they had also considered making Maximilian president of the alliance, and on August 30 they announce their adhesion to the Munich agreement

The Electors of Mainz, Cologne, and Trier had proposed an army of 20,000 men and they had also considered making Maximilian president of the alliance, and on August 30 they announce their adhesion to the Munich agreement

The Electors of Mainz, Cologne, and Trier had proposed an army of 20,000 men and they had also considered making Maximilian president of the alliance, and on August 30 they announce their adhesion to the Munich agreement

Maximilian becomes president, and the Prince-Bishops of Augsburg, Passau, and Wurzburg his councillors, the League will continue for nine years.

Participating states at a Munich conference conclude an alliance "for the defence of the Catholic religion and peace within the Empire".

This record states: The most important regulation of the League is the prohibition of attacks on one another, so instead of fighting, conflicts have to be decided by the laws of the Empire or, if these fail to resolve conflict.

This record states: by arbitration within the League.

Participating states at a Munich conference conclude an alliance "for the defence of the Catholic religion and peace within the Empire"

Maximilian becomes president, and the Prince-Bishops of Augsburg, Passau, and Wurzburg his councillors, the League will continue for nine years.

Participating states at a Munich conference conclude an alliance "for the defence of the Catholic religion and peace within the Empire".

This record states: The most important regulation of the League is the prohibition of attacks on one another, so instead of fighting, conflicts have to be decided by the laws of the Empire or, if these fail to resolve conflict.

This record states: by arbitration within the League.

Implements the Westphalian settlement confirming his electoral dignity and Bavarian gains

Faces post-war demobilisation and settlement obligations after the Peace of Westphalia.

Maximilian Emanuel joins France and Spain in the succession war.

Birth of Maximilian III Joseph, eldest son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VII and his wife, Maria Amalia of Austria, daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Joseph I

Charles Albert is elected Holy Roman Emperor during the capture of Munich by Austria

Austrian troops occupied Bavaria and Hungarian hussars plundered Munich and the Bavarians were forced also to evacuate Bohemia

Maria Theresas troops enter Munich

When Charles VII died in Munich on the 20th of January, 1745, his successor as Elector of Bavaria, Maximilian III Joseph, signed a preliminary peace with Austria. But a strong war-party led by Ignaz von Torring and supported by France wanted to continue the war. After the decisive defeat in the Battle of Pfaffenhofen on 15 April, Maximilian Joseph chose for peace

Death of Maximilian III Joseph

Invents a process for lithographing in colour

Ludwig II aligns Bavaria with Austria and mobilizes against Prussia.

Franz Ritter von Epp is born under the name of Franz Epp, being the son of the painter Rudolph Epp and Katharina Streibel

1st performance of, "Das Rheingold"

Birth of Ernst Rohm, son of a civil servant

Begins his professional career as a jurist in the Bavarian administrative service after completing his legal studies.

Marries Ella Schübeck.

Is called into the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior, beginning a period of ministerial administrative work.

Receives promotion to Regierungsassessor while serving in the Bavarian administration.

Birth of Heinrich Himmler, near Munich, son of a Schoolmaster

Returns to the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior as a Regierungsrat, working particularly on folk art and monument preservation.

Jodl enters the Bavarian Cadet Corps in Munich and begins formal military education.

Is promoted to Oberregierungsrat in the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior.

Is promoted to Ministerialrat, strengthening his senior position within the Bavarian Interior Ministry.

Helps found the Bayerischer Landesverein für Heimatpflege, reflecting his official interest in folk culture and monument preservation.

Jodl attends the Bavarian War School as part of his preparation for commissioned service.

Receives Bavarian personal nobility for his work preserving folk culture and thereafter uses the title Ritter von Kahr.

Feodor Lynen is born in Munich.

The future Nobel-winning biochemist is born in Bavaria.

Receives the title and rank of Geheimrat, or Privy Councillor, in the Bavarian civil service.

Birth of Eva Braun

Becomes Staatsrat and Ministerialdirektor, serving as a senior official and deputy to the Bavarian Interior Minister.

Photographed in a crowd clamouring for war

Is appointed Regierungspräsident, or regional president, of Upper Bavaria.

Assassinated, a communist revolt is suppressed & Bavaria joins the Weimar Republic

Appointed Member of Thule Society

Helps found the Thule Society, a centre of resistance to the Munich Soviet Republic

Helps founds the Political Workers Circle, forerunner of the Nazi Party

Helps founds the Political Workers Circle, forerunner of the Nazi Party

Helps founds the Political Workers Circle, forerunner of the Nazi Party

Helps founds the Political Workers Circle, forerunner of the Nazi Party

The revolution reaches Munich, causing King Ludwig III of Bavaria to flee

The Bavarian revolution shocks Kahr, a monarchist official, as royal government collapses in Munich.

Leaves Munich on a day of mass demonstrations

The revolution had reaches Munich, causing King Ludwig III of Bavaria to flee

Addresses a demonstration of workers, peasants & soldiers

Addresses a demonstration of workers, peasants & soldiers

The revolution reaches Munich, causing King Ludwig III of Bavaria to flee

Suppresses the revolution in Munich

Suppresses the revolution in Munich

First visits the German Workers Party, the forerunner of the NSDAP

Gottfried Feder, Anton Drexler, Dietrich Eckart and Karl Harrer found the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei ("German workers party", DAP), later the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP)

Gottfried Feder, Anton Drexler, Dietrich Eckart and Karl Harrer found the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei ("German workers party", DAP), later the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP)

Helps found the German Workers Party, forerunner of the Nazi Party. Gottfried Feder, Anton Drexler, Dietrich Eckart and Karl Harrer found the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei ("German workers party", DAP), later the Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (NSDAP)

Gives Hitler the task of infiltrating the German Workers Party

Helps found the German Workers Party, forerunner of the Nazi Party

Helps found the German Workers Party, forerunner of the Nazi Party

The German Workers Party has its 1st meeting at the Furstenfelder-Hof. Helps founds the German Workers Party, forerunner of the Nazi Party

Assassinates the Prime Minister of the Bavarian Republic, Kurt Eisner

Triggers off revolution leading to 5 coups & 5 Governments in 70 days

Triggers off revolution leading to 5 coups & 5 Governments in 70 days

Proclaims the "dictatorship of the proletariat". Forms an Executve Council, the Council lasts for 2 weeks

Leads a "Red Army" of 20,000 workers from Munichs factories

Munich is "liberated" by the White Army & Landauer is assassinated by Feikorps troops

Munich is "liberated" by the White Army & Eglhofer is assassinated by Feikorps troops

Munich is "liberated" by the White Army & Landauer is assassinated by Feikorps troops

Munich is "liberated" by the White Army & Eglhofer is assassinated by Feikorps troops

Hitler speaks for the 1st time in public & raises 300 Marks for the party funds

111 people attend a public NSDAP meeting at the Hofbraukeller

At Hitler's instigation more public meetings are held, increasing to about 400

Appointed Chairman of the NSDAP

Works on the 25 points of the new party constitution with Hitler

Works on the 25 points of the new party constitution with Hitler

Founds a group called the Saalschutz to protect NSDAP speakers, forerunner of the SA

Founds a group called the Saalschutz to protect NSDAP speakers, forerunner of the SA

Designs the Swastika which becomes the Party's emblem

Adapted from Rudolf Jung's Austro-Bohemian program by Anton Drexler, Adolf Hitler, Gottfried Feder and Dietrich Eckart

Adapted from Rudolf Jung's Austro-Bohemian program by Anton Drexler, Adolf Hitler, Gottfried Feder and Dietrich Eckart

Adapted from Rudolf Jung's Austro-Bohemian program by Anton Drexler, Adolf Hitler, Gottfried Feder and Dietrich Eckart

Produces a draft for the reforms of the NSDAP

Hitler announces the party's program in front of 2000 people in the Munich Festsaal of the Hofbrauhaus

When the points are announced more than 2000 people attend the rally. Adapted from Rudolf Jung's Austro-Bohemian program by Anton Drexler, Adolf Hitler, Gottfried Feder and Dietrich Eckart

The National Socialist Program originated at a DAP congress in Vienna, then was taken to Munich, by the civil engineer and theoretician Rudolf Jung

Hitler proclaims the Party program at the Hofbrauhaus

The National Socialist Program originated at a DAP congress in Vienna, then was taken to Munich, by the civil engineer and theoretician Rudolf Jung

Chairs the NSDAP rally in the absence of Drexler, over 2,000 attend. At Hitler's wishes the 1st NSDAP rally is held at the Festsaal of the Hofbrauhaus

Speaks as a guest speaker to attract a larger audience, not a member of the NSDAP

Hitler announces the 25 Point Program of the NSDAP

Remains the official party program throughout the party's existence

The 1st of the 25 points is "We demand the union of all Germans in a Great Germany on the basis of the principle of self-determination of all peoples"

The 2nd of the 25 points is "We demand that the German people have rights equal to those of other nations; and that the Peace Treaties of Versailles and St. Germain shall be abrogated"

The 3rd of the 25 points is "We demand land and territory (colonies) for the maintenance of our people and the settlement of our surplus population"

The party keeps the program when it changes its name to the National Socialist German Workers Party in April 1920 & remains the official party program throughout the party's existence

Also serves as Bavarian Minister of Foreign Affairs while heading the state government.

Assumes the Bavarian Interior Ministry alongside the premiership, combining political leadership with responsibility for internal administration.

Is elected Bavarian prime minister after the Kapp crisis and forms a conservative government supported by right-wing security organisations.

Publicly presents Bavaria as an 'Ordnungszelle', a nucleus from which order and stability could spread through Germany.

Membership of the NSDAP has grown from 190 in Jan 1920 to 3,300 by Aug 1921

Addresses over 6,000 people in the Circus Krone

Accepts the political necessity of dissolving the Bavarian Einwohnerwehr organisation after sustained Allied pressure for disarmament.

Founds the Gymnastic & Sports Section to protect NSDAP speakers, forerunner of the SA

Sweeps away committees & establishes the "leadership principle"

Sweeps away committees & establishes the "leadership principle"

Protests against President Friedrich Ebert's nationwide state of emergency, regarding federal intervention as a threat to Bavarian autonomy.

Returns to his position as regional president of Upper Bavaria after leaving the Bavarian premiership.

Resigns as Bavarian prime minister after losing the struggle to preserve the Einwohnerwehr and its armed strength.

Participates in the Munich Beer Hall Puts

Participates in the Munich putsch as a stormtrooper

Takes part in the Munich Putsch

Restores order after the Munich Beer Hall Putsch.

Helps suppress the Beer-Hall Putsch in Munich

Restores order after the Munich Beer Hall Putcsh

1st Nazi rally is held in Munich & attracts 20,000

Includes 12 public rallies held in & around Munich in defiance of a police ban

1st day of Hitler's trial in Munich for treason

1st day of Hitler's trial in Munich for treason

Blames the Jews for the loss of the war, inflation & the occupation of the Ruhr

Blames the Jews for the loss of the war, inflation & the occupation of the Ruhr

Uses his emergency authority to prohibit left-wing organisations and newspapers in Bavaria.

Is appointed General State Commissioner of Bavaria and receives extensive executive authority during the political crisis.

Declares a state of emergency in Bavaria and assumes executive power amid conflict with the Reich government.

Places Reichswehr units stationed in Bavaria under his authority during the escalating constitutional dispute with Berlin.

Refuses Reich Defence Minister Otto Geßler's order to ban the Völkischer Beobachter for attacks on the Reich government.

The Beer Hall Putsch begins in Munich.

Hitler's armed supporters seize his meeting and coerce Kahr, Otto von Lossow and Hans von Seisser into declaring support for the putsch.

Severely wounded after the police open fire, wounds which effect his future health

Siezes Bavarian Government ministers & holds them under arrest

Addresses a major political meeting at the Bürgerbräukeller shortly before Hitler interrupts the gathering and launches the Beer Hall Putsch.

Beer Hall Putsch in Munich

After leaving the Bürgerbräukeller, withdraws the support extracted from him and joins efforts to resist Hitler's attempted coup.

The Beer Hall Putsch is crushed in Munich.

A failed attempt by Hitler to topple the Bavarian Government & march on Berlin

Marches through Munich in support of the Nazi Beer Hall Putsch

Bauriedis blood is spilt over the "Blutfahne", the relic NAZI standard

Proposes the march through Munich which gives the NAZIs their 1st martyrs, 14 killed. Arrives in the Burgerbraukeller in support of the putsch to take control of the Army

Feder takes part in the party's Beer Hall Putsch

Marches alongside Ernst Rohm who the SS would later execute. Arrives to take over the War Ministry but cannot gain entrance

Carries the "Blutfahne" as the standard bearer

Promises NAZI support but follows orders from the High Command to crush the putsch

Beer Hall Putsch is crushed

Bavarian police and Reichswehr forces acting under the established authorities defeat Hitler's putsch in Munich.

Marches through Munich in support of the Nazi Beer Hall Putsch

Gottfried Feder proposes a new 39-point program, all such attempts ultimately fail because Hitler refuses to allow any discussion of the party program after 1925

Gottfried Feder proposes a new 39-point program, all such attempts ultimately fail because Hitler refuses to allow any discussion of the party program after 1925

The NSDAP is reorganized around the "Fuhrer Principle"

Resigns his remaining public offices in February as relations between Bavaria and the Reich begin to stabilise.

Testifies as a witness at the high-treason trial of Adolf Hitler, Erich Ludendorff and Ernst Röhm.

The Hitlerputsch trial begins

Given 5 years for the Munich Beer Hall putsch, reduced to 6 months

Given 5 years for the Munich Beer Hall putsch, reduced to 6 months

Given 5 years for the Munich Beer Hall putsch, reduced to 6 months

Ludendorf is acquitted for his part played in the Munich Beer Hall putsch

Ludendorf is acquitted for his part played in the Munich Beer Hall putsch

Jodl begins extended staff service with the 7th Bavarian Division in Munich.

Relaunches the NSDAP at a rally in Munich

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Holds a meeting at the Burgerbraukellar, 3,000 attend & 2,000 are turned away

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Opens the NSDAP meeting

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Attends the rally & at the end unites with the NSDAP

Jodl performs staff duties in Munich dealing with training and operational planning.

Applies Fermi-Dirac statistics to conduction electrons in metals, improving the classical Drude model.

Raises funds to enable the NSDAP to move its HQ to the Briennerstrasse in Munich

Raises funds to enable the NSDAP to move its HQ to the Briennerstrasse in Munich

Martyr of the Munich Beerhall putsch, mytholigised by the "Horst Wessel Lied"

Appointed Chief of the Munich Police

Rounds up SA leaders in Munich & arrests them

An SS commando arrests Kahr at his Munich home during the Night of the Long Knives and transports him toward Dachau.

Severely discredited by the failure, Habicht went into seclusion in the Harz mountains before being allowed to take up the post of Mayor of Wittenberg in 1937. Habicht sets up a leadership-in-exile in Munich which directed a campaign of terror against the Dollfua regime which culminates in a failed coup attempt in the murder of Dollfua in July 1934

Death of Ernst Rohm, executed by the NAZIs

Has von Kahr executed because he had led the troops against Hitler's Beer Hall putsch

Rohm refuses to kill himself with a gun which is offerred to him & is executed

Shoots Ernst Rohm

The Duke & Duchess of Windsor begin their visit to Germany & meet Hitler. Hitler receives Mussolini, he tries to prize Italy away from its support of Austria. Hitler meets Mussolini in front of an SS Parade & a rally of 800,000

Hitler receives Mussolini, he tries to prize Italy away from its support of Austria

Requested by Hitler to rebuild Munich

Hitler wants a conference to settle the Czech crisis, Mussolini chooses Munich

Holds a conference with Mussolini & the Prime Minister's of France & Britain

Helps draw up a draft memorandum which Mussolini uses for framing the Munich Agreement

Helps draw up a draft memorandum which Mussolini uses for framing the Munich Agreement

Draws up the draft for the memorandum which Mussolini uses for the Munich Agreement

Hitler wants a conference to settle the Czech crisis, Mussolini chooses Munich

Helps draw up a draft memorandum which Mussolini uses for framing the Munich Agreement

Helps draw up a draft memorandum which Mussolini uses for framing the Munich Agreement

Draws up the draft for the memorandum which Mussolini uses for the Munich Agreement

Draws up the draft for the memorandum which Mussolini uses for the Munich Agreement

Substantially the same as the Godesberg Proposals agreed between Hitler & Chamberlain

Hitler pledges that the Sudetenland is his final demand

The Treaty of Munich confirms the Godesberg Proposals agreed between Hitler & Chamberlain

The Treaty of Munich confirms the Godesburg Proposals agreed between Hitler & Chamberlain

Under the Treaty of Munich The Sudetenland is ceded to Germany

Weizsacker supported the German delegation during preparation and drafting of the agreement.

Ribbentrop advised Hitler during the negotiations and opposed concessions beyond Germany's territorial objectives.

Signs the Munich Agreement

Signs the Munich Agreement

Hitler signed the agreement authorizing German occupation of the Sudetenland between October 1 and October 10.

Hitler signed the bilateral declaration with Chamberlain after concluding the four-power agreement.

A bomb explodes in the Burgerbraukeller killing 8 but Hitler left 20 mins prior

Early supporter of the Nazis, involved in the Munich putsch, becomes Party Chancellor

Early supporter of the Nazis, involved in the Munich putsch, becomes Party Chancellor

The RAF launch a 25 minute bombing raid on Munich

Jodl tells Gauleiters that harsh measures are necessary to obtain labour for Atlantic Wall construction in occupied Western Europe.

Develops industrial electron-beam welding, using a focused high-energy electron beam to melt and join metals in vacuum.

Bombing of a police station in Augsburg and the Bavarian State Criminal Investigations Agency in Munich, claimed by Tommy Weissbecker

Scores West Germany's winning goal in the final against the Netherlands.

Captains West Germany to victory over the Netherlands in the final.

Scores twice as Bayern Munich defeat Anderlecht 2-1 in the first leg of the UEFA Super Cup.

Appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising

Death of Willy Messerschmitt

Scores seconds after entering as a substitute with a long-range chip over Angelo Peruzzi.

Guides Borussia Dortmund to the club's first European Cup by defeating Juventus.

Scores two first-half goals as Borussia Dortmund defeat Juventus 3-1.

Receives the Bavarian Film Awards honorary award.