Calcutta in History

Siraj-ud-Daulah's forces take Calcutta from the East India Company during the Bengal campaign.

Siraj-ud-Daulah's forces capture Fort William at Calcutta during the confrontation with the East India Company.

Siraj-ud-Daulah's army besieges the British position at Fort William before taking Calcutta.

East India Company forces under Robert Clive and Charles Watson retake Calcutta before renewing pressure on Siraj-ud-Daulah.

Siraj-ud-Daulah advances on Calcutta but is checked by an East India Company dawn attack.

Negotiations after renewed fighting around Calcutta lead toward the Treaty of Alinagar.

Siraj-ud-Daulah concludes the Treaty of Alinagar with the East India Company after the Calcutta campaign.

The Treaty of Alinagar restores Company trading privileges granted under the Mughal farman of 1717.

Birth of Surendranath Banerjee

Jagadish Chandra Bose publicly demonstrates the transmission and detection of millimetre-wave electromagnetic radiation in Calcutta.

C. V. Raman takes the Palit Professorship of Physics at the University of Calcutta and expands his experimental research programme.

Meghnad Saha formulates the thermal ionization equation that links stellar temperatures with the ionization states seen in spectra.

Saha applies ionization theory to explain changes in stellar spectral lines as functions of temperature and pressure.

C. V. Raman develops his molecular diffraction approach to explain how light is scattered by liquids.

Upendranath Brahmachari develops urea stibamine, a treatment that greatly improves therapy for visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar.

Chitta Ranjan Das is elected Mayor of Calcutta.

C. V. Raman and his collaborators observe the inelastic scattering of light now known as the Raman effect.

Subhas Chandra Bose resigns the Congress presidency after prolonged disagreement with the party leadership.

Calls for the Direct Action Day, in Calcutta there are 20,000 casualties

Calls for the Direct Action Day, in Calcutta there are 20,000 casualties

Calls for the Direct Action Day, in Calcutta there are 20,000 casualties

Sambhu Nath De and colleagues publish experimental work demonstrating the damaging action of cholera toxin on the intestine.

Raychaudhuri derives the focusing equation that later becomes central to the singularity theorems of general relativity.

Sambhu Nath De demonstrates that cell-free filtrates of Vibrio cholerae contain an enterotoxin responsible for the characteristic fluid secretion of cholera.

Sambhu Nath De publishes a major monograph explaining the pathology and pathogenesis of cholera using evidence from his experimental research.

Dilip Mahalanabis begins research on oral rehydration therapy for treating dehydration caused by severe diarrhoeal disease.

Subhas Mukhopadhyay and his team achieve the birth of India's first child conceived through in vitro fertilization.