Tripoli in History

Declares war on the United States to extort money from traders in the Barabary Coast

The crew is imprisoned by the Pasha, released after a ransom payment

USS Philadelphia grounded off Tripoli on 31 October 1803 and was captured; the frigate was later burned by Decatur's raiding party in February 1804.

Succeeds as Pasha of Tripoli after the Americans defeat Pasha Yusuf Caramanli

A peace Treaty is concludrd with the USA & Yusuf is replaced as Pasha by Hmet Bey

Al-Muntasir becomes the first prime minister of independent Libya.

King Idris appoints Ben Halim to lead the Libyan government.

Libya concludes an agreement governing continued United States use of Wheelus Air Base.

King Idris appoints Maziq to head the national government.

Al-Bakkoush forms a government after the regional crisis following the Arab-Israeli war.

King Idris appoints al-Qaddafi as the monarchy's final prime minister.

The Revolutionary Command Council abolishes the monarchy and proclaims the Libyan Arab Republic.

Young army officers seize state institutions and establish the Revolutionary Command Council.

The Revolutionary Command Council issues a provisional constitutional proclamation for the republic.

Libya pressures foreign oil companies and begins a broader state takeover of oil revenues

Gaddafi assumes the office of Prime Minister while chairing the Revolutionary Command Council.

The last United States forces leave Wheelus Air Base under the revolutionary government.

Gaddafi's government secures higher prices and improved revenue terms from foreign oil companies.

Gaddafi seeks a wider Arab leadership role following the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser.

The government orders remaining Italian settlers to leave and confiscates their property.

Gaddafi establishes the Arab Socialist Union as the republic's authorised political organisation.

Libya nationalises British Petroleum interests following a dispute with the British government.

Revolutionary Command Council members replace many civilian ministers and tighten control over government.

Gaddafi promotes political union among Arab states despite disagreement over practical arrangements.

The Revolutionary Command Council expands its direct representation within Libya's cabinet.

Libya joins Egypt and Syria in the Federation of Arab Republics.

Jalloud succeeds Gaddafi as prime minister while the Revolutionary Command Council retains authority.

Libya takes majority ownership in the operations of several foreign oil companies.

Gaddafi publishes the first volume of The Green Book outlining his political doctrine.

Gaddafi develops the mass-state concept later used to reorganise Libya's political system.

A coup attempt involving Revolutionary Command Council member Omar Muhayshi fails.

The failed coup weakens internal opposition and leads to a purge of dissident officers.

The government expands people's committees within workplaces, universities and public administration.

Local popular congresses become the stated foundation of Libya's new governmental structure.

The General People's Congress adopts the declaration reorganising Libya as a Jamahiriya.

The Jamahiriya formally assigns local decision-making to basic popular congresses.

The General People's Congress becomes the highest formal institution of the new Jamahiriya.

Gaddafi becomes secretary-general of the institution coordinating the Jamahiriya's formal state bodies.

Gaddafi proclaims the Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya as a mass-state.

Informal revolutionary institutions retain decisive authority over the formal people's congress system.

Musa al-Sadr and two companions disappear during an official visit to Libya.

Gaddafi leaves the General People's Congress secretariat while retaining revolutionary authority.

Revolutionary committees pursue and attack prominent Libyan opponents living outside the country.

Gaddafi orders dissidents abroad to return by June or face revolutionary punishment.

The United States invalidates passports for travel to Libya amid worsening bilateral relations.

Washington prohibits Libyan oil imports and restricts strategic exports to Libya.

The United States bans Libyan oil imports and exports of oil-industry technology.

The United States imposes broad economic sanctions against Libya over alleged support for terrorism.

The United States attacks Libyan facilities after linking the government to international terrorism.

Gaddafi survives United States air strikes on Tripoli during Operation El Dorado Canyon.

Government record concerning the IRA: The Eksund seizure exposes extensive Libyan supply of weapons and explosives to the IRA.

Historical IRA record under Government of Libya: The Eksund seizure exposes extensive Libyan supply of weapons and explosives to the IRA.

IRA context for Muammar Gaddafi: The Eksund seizure exposes extensive Libyan supply of weapons and explosives to the IRA.

The Eksund seizure exposes extensive Libyan supply of weapons and explosives to the IRA.

Libya proclaims a rights charter presented as limiting arbitrary punishment and state interference.

United States and British authorities indict two Libyan intelligence officers over Lockerbie.

Libya condemns the attacks and offers cooperation against Al-Qaeda.

Gaddafi uses counterterrorism cooperation to pursue improved relations with Western governments.

Libyan authorities imprison Eljahmi after he publicly demands political reform and free expression.

Eljahmi advocates constitutional government, pluralism and greater political freedom before his imprisonment.

Libya accepts responsibility for officials' actions in the Lockerbie bombing and agrees compensation.

Libya agrees to permit international inspection and dismantlement of prohibited weapons activities.

Libya discloses uranium-enrichment equipment acquired through an international procurement network.

Gaddafi announces that Libya will eliminate its nuclear and chemical weapons programmes.

Libyan officials provide information about foreign suppliers involved in nuclear procurement.

Investigators identify Pakistani-linked technology supplied to Libya's former nuclear programme.

The Chemical Weapons Convention enters into force for Libya.

The Chemical Weapons Convention enters into force for Libya following its accession the previous month.

Gaddafi meets British Prime Minister Tony Blair during Libya's diplomatic rehabilitation.

Washington begins the process of removing Libya from its state sponsors of terrorism list.

The United States announces restored diplomatic relations and removal of Libya's terrorism designation.

Gaddafi urges supporters to confront opponents demanding political change.

Gaddafi receives President Nicolas Sarkozy and concludes bilateral cooperation agreements.

Gaddafi proposes distributing oil revenue directly while abolishing most government ministries.

Gaddafi vows to remain in Libya and suppress the expanding uprising.

NATO assumes command of international military operations enforcing the United Nations mandate.

Transitional Council forces seize most of Tripoli and collapse central government control.

The National Transitional Council elects el-Keib to head the interim government.

The National Transitional Council transfers power to the elected General National Congress.

Members elect Magariaf to lead the General National Congress.

Congress selects Shagur to form a government, but his proposed cabinet later fails.

The General National Congress elects Zeidan to form a new government.

Magariaf resigns after legislation bars senior officials associated with the former regime.

The General National Congress elects Abusahmain as its new president.

Armed men briefly abduct Zeidan from a Tripoli hotel before his release.

Al-Thani assumes leadership of the government after Zeidan's dismissal.

The General National Congress dismisses Zeidan after a disputed oil shipment leaves Libya.

Sarraj and Presidency Council members arrive by sea to begin governing from Tripoli.

Sarraj's Government of National Accord confronts Khalifa Haftar's offensive against Tripoli.

Dbeibah states that he remains in office and continues performing his government duties.