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Erwin Rommel

German field marshal associated with the North African campaign. This page combines historical context with 49 matching records drawn directly from the World History Database World War II battle archive.

49 matching archive records1940–1944 record spanOpen full 797-record archive

Historical context

Erwin Rommel: overview and significance

What happened?

Erwin Rommel commanded German and Axis forces in North Africa and became closely associated with fast-moving armoured warfare in the desert. He later held commands connected with the defence of occupied western Europe.

Why was it important?

Rommel's record links the North African campaign to Germany's preparations against the Allied invasion of France. His reputation, command style and later connection to opposition circles around Hitler have made him one of the most discussed German commanders of the war.

World History Database records

Erwin Rommel timeline

The records below are selected from the 797-record World War II battles archive and rendered as static HTML in chronological order.

1940
1940 13th May

Battle of River Meuse

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · River Meuse · World War, 2nd

Crosses the River Meuse

1940 14th May

Battle of River Meuse

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Cambrai · World War, 2nd

Strikes out towards the Channel ports via Peronne & Cambrai

1940 14th May

Battle of River Meuse

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Flanders · World War, 2nd

Begins the "German pocket" which will cut the Allied forces in two

1940 16th May

Battle of River Meuse

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Avasnes · World War, 2nd

Advances as far as Avesnes

1940 17th May

Battle of River Meuse

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Le Cateau · World War, 2nd

Advances as far as Le Cateau

1940 21st May

Battle of Arras

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Arras · World War, 2nd

Rommel engages the British with 88-mm anti-tank guns. 5 British Brigades stop the SS Totenkopf & manage to create a retreat to Dunkirk

1941
1941 8th April

Battle of Mechili

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Mechili · World War, 2nd

Wins the battle but fails to capture the deep sea port of Tobruk

1941 9th April

Battle of Bardia

Lieutenant General Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bardia · World War, 2nd

Begins to fight for Bardia, 60 miles east of Torbruk

1941 11th April

Battle of Tobruk

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Tobruk · World War, 2nd

Rommel begins to attack Tobruk

1941 12th April

Battle of Bardia

Lieutenant General Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bardia · World War, 2nd

Rommel captures Bardia

1941 13th April

Battle of Tobruk

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Tobruk · World War, 2nd

Ordered to consolidate on the Egyptian border & concentrate on capturing Tobruk

1941 25th April

Battle of Halfaya Pass

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Halfaya Pass · World War, 2nd

The British are driven out of Halfaya Pass

1941 14th June

Battle of Halfaya Pass

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Halfaya Pass · World War, 2nd

The Eighth Panzer Regiment destroys 60 British tanks

1941 15th June

Battle of Halfaya Pass

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Halfaya Pass · World War, 2nd

Failed Btitish attempt on the German held pass south the Libya-Cyrenaica border

1941 16th June

Battle of Halfaya Pass

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Halfaya Pass · World War, 2nd

The Western Desert Force loses 200 tanks. Orders a general assault to destroy the British around Halfaya

1941 August

Battle of Wadi Rezegh

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Wadi Rezegh · World War, 2nd

Partially defeats the British 7th Armoured Division in an attempt to recapture Tobruk

1941 4th December

Battle of Bir el Gobi

Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bir el Gobi · World War, 2nd

1st day of the battle to cover the tracks of the Eighth Armys withdrawal from Tobruk

1941 5th December

Battle of Bir el Gobi

Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bir el Gobi · World War, 2nd

The attack on the British fails. Evacuates the eastern Tobruk perimeter to attack the British at Bir el Gobi

1941 7th December

Battle of Bir el Gobi

Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bir el Gobi · World War, 2nd

Withdraws to Gazala & Tobruk is relieved by the Allies

1942
1942 2nd January

Battle of Bardia

Lieutenant General Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bardia · World War, 2nd

The Allies recapture Bardia

1942 26th May

Battle of Bir-Hakeim

Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bir-Hakeim · World War, 2nd

Rommel sends his armour south of Bir-Hakeim to outflank the British

1942 17th June

Battle of Tobruk

Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Tobruk · World War, 2nd

Captures Tobruk then plans to move onto the Suez Canal

1942 27th June

Battle of Mersa Matruh

Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Mersa Matruh · World War, 2nd

Rommel captures Mersa Matruh

1942 June

Battle of Bardia

Lieutenant General Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bardia · World War, 2nd

Rommel recaptures Bardia for the 2nd time

1942 June

Battle of Bir-Hakeim

Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bir-Hakeim · World War, 2nd

Captures Bir-Hakeim

1942 1st July

Battle of Alamein, 1st

Field Marshal Commander of Panzer Army Africa Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · El Alamein · World War, 2nd

Attacks at El Alamein after reaching Egypt, but is stopped before he can advance toward the Suez Canal.

1942 4th July

Battle of Alamein, 1st

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Ruweisat Ridge · World War, 2nd

Auchinleck breaks up attacks by exhausted German armour on Ruweisat Ridge during the First Battle of El Alamein.

1942 30th August

Battle of Alam Halfa

Field Marshal Commander of Panzer Army Africa Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Alam Halfa · World War, 2nd

Attacks the Alam Halfa line in a final attempt to break through toward the Nile Delta and the Suez Canal.

1942 30th August

Battle of Alam Halfa

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Alam Halfa · World War, 2nd

Rommel attacks south of El Alamein at Alam Halfa, attempting to renew the Axis advance toward Suez.

1942 30th August

Battle of Alam Halfa

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Alam Halfa · World War, 2nd

Rommel fails to break through the British line south of El Alamein during the Battle of Alam Halfa.

1942 30th August

Battle of Alam Halfa

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Alam Halfa · World War, 2nd

Rommel's renewed attack near Alam Halfa is contained by the British defence.

1942 2nd September

Battle of Alam Halfa

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Alam Halfa · World War, 2nd

Rommel calls off the Alam Halfa attack after heavy losses in men, tanks, vehicles and guns.

1942 2nd September

Battle of Alam Halfa

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Alam Halfa · World War, 2nd

Rommel is forced to retreat after the failure of the Axis attack at Alam Halfa.

1942 23rd October

Battle of Alamein, 2nd

Field Marshal Commander of Panzer Army Africa Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · El Alamein · World War, 2nd

Commands Axis forces at El Alamein and fails to break through to the Nile Delta and the Suez Canal.

1942 23rd October

Battle of Alamein, 2nd

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · El Alamein · World War, 2nd

The British Eighth Army opens the offensive at El Alamein while Georg Stumme commands Axis forces in Rommel's absence.

1942 25th October

Battle of Alamein, 2nd

Field Marshal Commander of Panzer Army Africa Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · El Alamein · World War, 2nd

Returns from Germany to command Panzer Army Africa during the Second Battle of El Alamein.

1942 27th October

Battle of Alamein, 2nd

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · El Alamein · World War, 2nd

Rommel's armour is badly reduced during the Second Battle of El Alamein while Hitler forbids withdrawal.

1942 27th October

Battle of Alamein, 2nd

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · El Alamein · World War, 2nd

The Afrika Korps is reduced to 114 tanks but Hitler orders that they must hold its ground

1942 1st November

Battle of Kidney Ridge

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Kidney Ridge · World War, 2nd

Bernard Montgomery launches an attack on the Deutsches Afrika Korps at Kidney Ridge

1942 1st November

Battle of Tobruk

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Tobruk · World War, 2nd

Rommel captures Tobruk. Bernard Montgomery launches an attack on the Deutsches Afrika Korps at Kidney Ridge

1942 2nd November

Battle of Alamein, 2nd

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · El Alamein · World War, 2nd

Rommel begins withdrawing after Montgomery's forces break the Axis position at El Alamein.

1942 3rd November

Battle of Tobruk

Commander of 7th Panzer Division Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Tobruk · World War, 2nd

Rommell decides to withdraw from Tobruk, Hitler forces Rommel to stay. Bernard Montgomery launches an attack on the Deutsches Afrika Korps at Kidney Ridge

1942 4th November

Battle of Alamein, 2nd

Field Marshal Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · El Alamein · World War, 2nd

The Axis army is defeated at El Alamein and retreats westward across Libya.

1942 11th November

Battle of Bardia

Lieutenant General Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Bardia · World War, 2nd

The British recapture Bardia

1942 13th November

Battle of Alamein, 2nd

Field Marshal Commander of Panzer Army Africa Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Tobruk · World War, 2nd

The Axis loss of Tobruk follows the retreat from El Alamein and weakens Rommel's North African position.

1942

Battle of Kasserine

Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Kasserine · World War, 2nd

Defeats the II US Corps in Tunisia

1942

Battle of Sidi Bou Zid

Field Marshal Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Sidi Bou Zid · World War, 2nd

Defeats the II US Corps in Tunisia

1943
1943 15th January

Battle of Basrat

Commander of Army Group B Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Basrat · World War, 2nd

Rommel tries to halt the Eighth 200 miles east of Tripoli but retreats to Tripoli

1944
1944 8th June

Battle of Caen

Field Marshal Commander of Army Group B Erwin Johannes Eugen Rommel · Germany · Caen · World War, 2nd

Rommel returned to the Normandy front and reinforced the effort to hold Caen against Allied attacks.

Editorial provenance

Sources and editorial review

Compiled and edited by World History Database.

Historical context is editorial material; the chronology is generated from World History Database Second World War records.

Last reviewed: September 2026.

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