Chiang Kai-Shek Biography and Timeline — Page 2

Northern Expedition

Nationalist forces suppress several Communist-led uprisings after the Kuomintang-Communist split.

Role range: 1926-1949

Capture of Shantou

Nationalist forces retake Shantou after troops from the failed Nanchang uprising move through eastern Guangdong.

Role range: 1926-1949

Marriage

Marries Soong Mei-ling in Shanghai, strengthening his ties to the influential Soong family.

Role range: 1926-1949

Break in Diplomatic Relations with The Soviet Union amid deteriorating relations

Nationalist China breaks diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union amid deteriorating relations after the Communist uprisings.

Role range: 1926-1949

Breaks decisively with Soviet and Chinese Communist allies during the collapse of

Breaks decisively with Soviet and Chinese Communist allies during the collapse of the First United Front.

Role range: 1926-1949

Chairman

Strengthens his control of the Kuomintang’s central party machinery after the Northern Expedition.

Commander in Chief

Serves as commander-in-chief of National Revolutionary Army forces during the final Northern Expedition campaigns.

Role range: 1926-1949

Northern Expedition

Resumes the Northern Expedition as Nationalist forces advance toward Beijing.

Role range: 1926-1949

Battle of Jinan

The Jinan Incident brings Nationalist and Japanese forces into violent conflict during the Northern Expedition.

Role range: 1926-1949

Capture of Beijing

Nationalist forces enter Beijing, marking the military completion of the Northern Expedition.

Role range: 1926-1949

Capture of Beijing

Nationalist forces take Beijing and the city is subsequently renamed Beiping under the Nationalist government.

Role range: 1926-1949

Treaty Negotiations

The Nationalist government presses foreign powers to revise unequal treaty arrangements and restore tariff autonomy.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1949

Chairman of National Government

Becomes chairman of the Nationalist Government following the successful Northern Expedition.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1949

Northern Expedition Victory Review

Reviews Nationalist troops in Nanjing during celebrations marking the successful completion of the Northern Expedition.

Role range: 1928-1931

Britain extends recognition to the Nationalist government as Chiang consolidates

Britain extends recognition to the Nationalist government as Chiang consolidates international legitimacy.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1949

Northeast Flag Replacement

Zhang Xueliang recognizes the Nanjing government during the Northeast Flag Replacement, completing the nominal political reunification of China.

Role range: 1928-1931

Constitution of China

Establishes Nationalist government authority at Nanjing as the Northern Expedition nears completion.

Role range: 1928-1949

Head of State

Becomes chairman of the Nationalist Government after completion of the Northern Expedition.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1931

Northern Expedition

Completes the Northern Expedition and brings most of China under nominal Nationalist authority.

Role range: 1928-1949

Northern Expedition

Emerges as the dominant Nationalist leader after the Northern Expedition is completed.

Role range: 1926-1949

Central Plains War

Directs Nationalist forces against the coalition of Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang and other opponents during the Central Plains War.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1931

Siege of Hankow

Communist military pressure in central China adds to the Nationalist government’s conflicts during the Central Plains War.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1949

Capture of Beijing

Opposition warlords establish a rival political center in Beiping during the Central Plains War.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1949

Central Plains War Counteroffensive

Shifts Nationalist forces between major fronts as the Central Plains War turns increasingly in favor of the Nanjing government.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1931

Britain returns the leased territory of Weihaiwei to Nationalist China

Britain returns the leased territory of Weihaiwei to Nationalist China.

Role range: 1928-1949 – 1928-1949

Siege of Ruijing

Launches the first encirclement campaign against the Communist base area in Jiangxi late in the year.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1949

Constitution of China

The Provisional Constitution for the Period of Political Tutelage is drafted and prepared as the legal framework of Nationalist rule.

Role range: 1928-1949 – 1928-1949

Independence of Canton

A rival Nationalist faction in Guangzhou challenges Chiang’s Nanjing government.

Role range: 1928-1949 – 1928-1949

Invasion of China

Japan launches the Manchurian invasion after the Mukden Incident, confronting Chiang’s government with a major external crisis.

Role range: 1926-1949

Siege of Mukden

Japanese forces occupy Mukden after the September 18 incident and expand control across Manchuria.

Role range: 1926-1949

Mukden Incident

The Nationalist government appeals to the League of Nations after Japan occupies Manchuria.

Role range: 1928-1949

Special Foreign Affairs Commission

Uses a special foreign affairs commission to coordinate the Nationalist response and international appeals after the Mukden Incident.

Role range: 1928-1931

Capture of Tsitsihar

Japanese forces occupy Tsitsihar during the expansion of the Manchurian campaign.

Role range: 1926-1949

Student Anti-Japanese Delegations

Receives student representatives demanding stronger resistance to Japan after the loss of Manchuria.

Role range: 1928-1931

Arrest of Zhou En-Lai

Offers a large reward for information leading to the capture of Communist leader Zhou Enlai.

Role range: 1928-1949 – 1928-1949

Rule of Manchukuo

Japan occupies Manchuria after the Mukden Incident; Manchukuo is proclaimed the following year.

Role range: 1928-1949 – 1928-1949

Encirclement

Continues successive encirclement campaigns against the Communist Jiangxi base areas during 1931.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1949

Siege of Ruijing

The second and third Nationalist encirclement campaigns fail to destroy the Communist base in Jiangxi.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1949

Stimson-Doctrine

The United States announces the Stimson Doctrine, refusing to recognize territorial changes in China achieved by force.

Role range: 1926-1949

Siege of Shanghai

Japanese and Chinese forces begin major fighting in Shanghai during the January 28 Incident.

Role range: 1926-1949 – 1928-1949