James II Biography and Timeline — Page 2

Succession

First day of the interregnum

Role range: 1685-1688

Interregnum

James left England after William permitted his departure, creating an effective vacancy.

Role range: 1688-1689 – 1685-1688

Exile of James II

James tries to escape from London but is caught by Kent fishermen & returned to London

Role range: 1685-1688

Declaration of Indulgence

The Archbishop of Canterbury & 6 Bishops petition the King to withdraw the Declaration

Role range: 1685-1688

Exile of James II

William III allows James II to escape to France where he lives in exile at St Germain

Role range: 1685-1688

Trial

James tries the Archbishop of Canterbury but public pressure leads to their acquittal

Role range: 1685-1688

Bill of Rights

James IIs overthrow begins modern English Parliamentary democracy, never since has the monarch held absolute power, and the Bill of Rights has become one of the most important documents in the political history of Britain

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Coup

The overthrow of James II by an alliance of Parliamentarians and an invading army led by William III (William of Orange) who ascends the English throne as William III. James IIs overthrow begins modern English Parliamentary democracy, never since has the monarch held absolute power, and the Bill of Rights has become one of the most important documents in the political history of Britain

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Glorious Revolution

The overthrow of James II by an alliance of Parliamentarians and an invading army led by William III (William of Orange) who ascends the English throne as William III. James IIs overthrow begins modern English Parliamentary democracy, never since has the monarch held absolute power, and the Bill of Rights has become one of the most important documents in the political history of Britain

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Succession

Seven of the leading men in England invite William of Orange to claim the throne

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

James II Loses Succession Claim

James II's flight from England precipitated the constitutional settlement that replaced him with William and Mary.

Interregnum

The Commons resolved that James had abdicated and that the throne was vacant.

Role range: 1688-1689 – 1685-1688

Succession

Lands in Ireland with the support of Louis XIV

Role range: 1685-1688

Succession

Acknowledged King by an Irish Parliament

Role range: 1685-1688

Succession

Succeeds as King of England

Role range: 1685-1688

Siege of Londonderry

A 15 week siege of Londonderry by James IIs Irish-French army ends in failure

Battle of Dunkeld

The Jacobite rising is checked at Dunkeld on its way to Perth

Role range: 1685-1688

Invasion of Ireland

Louis XIV assists James II during his Irish campaign against William III.

Role range: 1688-1691

Invasion of Ireland

James II arrives at Dublin

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Invasion of Ireland

James II lands at Kinsale

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Beachy Head

The English are defeated by a French force sailing to London to support the Jacobites

Role range: 1688-1697

Battle of Boyne

After his defeat, James did not stay in Dublin, but rode with a small escort to Duncannon and returned to exile in France, even though his army left the field relatively unscathed

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Boyne

For the Jacobites, the war was fought for Irish sovereignty, religious toleration for Catholicism, and land ownership. A turning point in James unsuccessful attempt to regain the crown and ultimately helped ensure the continuation of Protestant supremacy in Ireland.

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Boyne

In Irish folk memory, James was derisively nicknamed Seamus a chaca - a title that translates literally to "Shitty James" or "James the shit".

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Boyne

James enjoyed the support of his cousin, Louis XIV, who did not want to see a hostile monarch on the throne of England, Louis sent 6,000 French troops to Ireland to support the Irish Jacobites.

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Boyne

Jamess loss of nerve and speedy exit from the battlefield of the Boyne enraged his Irish supporters, who fought on until the Treaty of Limerick in 1691. James II is forced into exile in France. James II is finally defeated by William III.

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Boyne

The Battle is fought on 1 July for control of a ford on the Boyne at Oldbridge, near Drogheda.

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Boyne

The Catholic upper classes had lost almost all their lands after Cromwell's conquest, as well as the right to hold public office, practice their religion, and sit in the Irish Parliament.

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Boyne

The Jacobites were 23,500 strong, James had several regiments of French troops, but most of his manpower was provided by Irish Catholics.

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Exile of James II

After his defeat, James did not stay in Dublin, but rode with a small escort to Duncannon and returned to exile in France, even though his army left the field relatively unscathed

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Boyne

The Williamites triumphantly march into Dublin two days after the Battle of the Boyne, the Jacobite army abandoned the city and marched to Limerick, behind the River Shannon, where they were besieged

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Siege of Dublin

The Williamites triumphantly march into Dublin two days after the Battle of the Boyne, the Jacobite army abandoned the city and marched to Limerick, behind the River Shannon, where they were besieged

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Siege of Limerick

The Williamites triumphantly march into Dublin two days after the Battle of the Boyne, the Jacobite army abandoned the city and marched to Limerick, behind the River Shannon, where they were besieged

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Beachy Head

James II retaliates to the defeat at Beachy Head by amassing an army to invade France

Role range: 1688-1697

Invasion of France

James II retaliates to the defeat at Beachy Head by amassing an army to invade France

Exile of James II

Forced to embark for France from Kinsale after defeat at the Battle of the Boyne

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Aughrim

A stunning defeat of the fleeing Franco-Irish followed in the confusion and darkness, with some 4000 corpses left on the field.

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Aughrim

An immediate attack was resolved on, and, after a severe and at one time doubtful contest, the crisis was precipitated by the fall of the Franco-Irish leader, the French General Charles Chalmont, Marquis de St Ruth, after which his disorganized forces fled in the ensuing

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Aughrim

Many of the Jacobite dead were officers, who were very difficult to replace, another 4000 Jacobites either deserted or were taken prisoner & they had lost the better part of their equipment and supplies

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688

Battle of Aughrim

The Battle of Aughrim all but decided the war in the Williamite favour.

Role range: 1688-1690 – 1685-1688