Friedrich Ebert Biography and Timeline — Page 2

Armistice

The Allies demand the demilitarization of the Rhineland & annulment Brest Litovsk

Role range: 1914-1918 – 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

Liebknechts proclamation ends the German Monarchy and an entirely Socialist provisional Government took power under Eberts leadership. Ebert favoured retaining the monarchy under a different ruler but Scheidemann proclaimes the German Republic, in response to the unrest in Berlin and in order to counter a declaration of the "Free Socialist Republic" by Karl Liebknecht. Calls for a National Constitutional Assembly

Role range: 1918-1919

Government

Forms a provisional executive of mainstream SDP & Independent Socialists

Role range: 1918-1919

Provisional Government

Liebknechts proclamation ends the German Monarchy and an entirely Socialist provisional Government took power under Eberts leadership

Role range: 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

A coalition Government called "Council of Peoples Commissioners" (Rat der Volksbeauftragten) was established, consisting of three MSPD and three USPD members, led by Ebert for the MSPD and Hugo Haase for the USPD

Council of Peoples Commissioners

A coalition Government called "Council of Peoples Commissioners" (Rat der Volksbeauftragten) was established, consisting of three MSPD and three USPD members, led by Ebert for the MSPD and Hugo Haase for the USPD

Armistice

The armistice is signed in a railway carriage at 5:00 AM. Germany agrees to the armistice & firing stops on the western front at 11 am

Role range: 1914-1918 – 1918-1919

Armistice

German troops begin their withdrawal to the Rhine

Role range: 1914-1918 – 1918-1919

Western Front

Germany agrees to the armistice & firing stops on the western front at 11 am

Role range: 1914-1918 – 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

Proclaims the aims of the new German regime

Role range: 1914-1918 – 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

Ebert leads the new Government for the next several months, notably using the army under support of Minister of Defence Gustav Noske to suppress the Spartacist uprising, commonly identified with Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht

Role range: 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

Ebert manages to enforce quick elections for a National Assembly to produce a constitution for a Parliamentary system, marginalizing the movement that called for a socialist republic

Election

Ebert manages to enforce quick elections for a National Assembly to produce a constitution for a Parliamentary system, marginalizing the movement that called for a socialist republic

National Assembly

Ebert manages to enforce quick elections for a National Assembly to produce a constitution for a Parliamentary system, marginalizing the movement that called for a socialist republic

National Congress of Councils

Ebert manages to enforce quick elections for a National Assembly to produce a constitution for a Parliamentary system, marginalizing the movement that called for a socialist republic. Ebert calls for a National Congress of Councils, which take place from December 16 to December 20, 1918, and in which the MSPD had the majority

Bolshevik Party

Groener agrees to support Ebert against the Bolsheviks

Role range: 1918-1919

CPR

Appointed Member of Council of Peoples Representatives

Role range: 1918-1919

Weimar Republic

The new model Reichswehr armed forces, limited by the Treaty of Versailles to 100,000 army soldiers and 15,000 seamen, remains fully under the control of the German officer class despite its nominal re-organisation

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Party Leader

Appointed Party Leader of the Social Democratic Party

Role range: 1918-1919

Bolshevik Party

Groener agrees to support Ebert against the Bolsheviks

Reparations

At the conclusion of World War I, Germany reluctantly agrees to pay unspecified reparations in the armistice agreement of November 1918

Role range: 1914-1918 – 1918-1919

Spartacist League

Bloody street fights culminated in the beating and shooting deaths of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht after their arrests

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

Elections are held for the National Constitutional Assembly

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

To avoid the ongoing fights in Berlin, the National Assembly convenes in the city of Weimar, giving the future Republic its unofficial name

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Election

The Socialist and (Non-Socialist) Democratic parties obtained a solid 80 per cent of the vote. The National Assembly elections took place, the radical left-wing parties, including the USPD and KPD, are barely able to get themselves organized, leading to a solid majority of seats for the MSPD moderate forces. Elections are held for the National Constitutional Assembly

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

National Assembly

The National Assembly elections took place, the radical left-wing parties, including the USPD and KPD, are barely able to get themselves organized, leading to a solid majority of seats for the MSPD moderate forces

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

National Assembly

To avoid the ongoing fights in Berlin, the National Assembly convenes in the city of Weimar, giving the future Republic its unofficial name

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Weimar Republic

To avoid the ongoing fights in Berlin, the National Assembly convenes in the city of Weimar, giving the future Republic its unofficial name

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

The Weimar Constitution creates a republic under a semi-presidential system with the Reichstag elected by proportional representation

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Weimar Republic

The Weimar Constitution creates a republic under a semi-presidential system with the Reichstag elected by proportional representation

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Commander in Chief

Appointed Commander in Chief

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1919-1925

Constitution of Germany

Appointed Provisional Reich President by the National Constitutional Assembly

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1919-1925

Provisional Reich President

Appointed Provisional Reich President by the National Constitutional Assembly

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1919-1925

Constitution of Germany

When the Constituent Assembly met in Weimar in February, 1919, Ebert was chosen to be the first president of the German Republic

Role range: 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

The Chancellor is appointed by the President and is responsible to the Reichstag, serves as little more than a chairman, Cabinet decisions are made by majority vote

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

The Republics first Reichspresident ("Reich President"), Friedrich Ebert of the SPD, signs the new German constitution into law.

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

The first article of the constitution states that "The power of the state emanates from the people".

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Constitution of Germany

The fundamental tenet of the Weimar Constitution is that Germany will be a republic on the Parliamentary model with a Parliament elected using proportional representation, universal suffrage is established, with a minimum voting age of 20.

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Parliament

The fundamental tenet of the Weimar Constitution is that Germany will be a republic on the Parliamentary model with a Parliament elected using proportional representation, universal suffrage is established, with a minimum voting age of 20

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919

Suffrage

The fundamental tenet of the Weimar Constitution is that Germany will be a republic on the Parliamentary model with a Parliament elected using proportional representation, universal suffrage is established, with a minimum voting age of 20

Role range: 1919-1933 – 1918-1919