Historical biography archive · Updated 2026-11-03

Mary of Scots Biography and Timeline — Page 2

Follow Mary of Scots through 165 dated historical records for Scotland.

Mary of Scots, historical timeline

A chronological timeline drawn from matching World History Database records.

165Distinct records
2 of 5Page
1561–1566Years on this page

1561

Departure from France

Queen · Calais · House / House of Stewart

Mary leaves France to return to Scotland after widowhood

Role range: 1542-1567

Return to Scotland

Queen · Leith · House / House of Stewart

Mary arrives at Leith to begin personal rule in Scotland

Role range: 1542-1567

Mass at Holyrood

Queen · Holyrood · House / House of Stewart

Mary hears Catholic Mass at Holyrood and alarms Protestant reformers

Role range: 1542-1567

English Safe Conduct Refused

Queen · Paris · House / House of Stewart

Elizabeth refuses safe conduct after Mary declines to ratify the Treaty of Edinburgh

Role range: 1542-1567

Treaty of Edinburgh

Queen · Paris · House / House of Stewart

Refused passage through England because she will not ratify the Treaty of Edinburgh

Role range: 1542-1567

Entry into Edinburgh

Queen · Edinburgh · House / House of Stewart

Mary makes her formal entry into Edinburgh after returning from France

Role range: 1542-1567

Privy Council Formed

Queen · Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Mary forms a council balancing Protestant nobles and royal authority

Role range: 1542-1567

Return Invited

Queen · France · House / House of Stewart

Scottish estates invite Mary to return from France to Scotland

Role range: 1542-1567

1562

Marriage

Queen · Crichton · House / House of Stewart

Lady Janet Hepburn, Bothwells sister, marries Queen Marys half-brother Lord John

Role range: 1542-1567

Northern Progress

Queen · Aberdeen · Government / Government of Scotland

Mary travels north to confront the power of the Earl of Huntly

Role range: 1542-1567

Huntly Rebellion

Queen · Aberdeen · Warfare / Huntly Rebellion

Mary moves against Huntly's northern power base

Role range: 1562-1562 – 1542-1567

Papal Nuncio is asked to leave Scotland

Queen · Government / Government of Scotland

The Papal Nuncio is asked to leave Scotland

Role range: 1542-1567

Papal Nuncio

Queen · Government / Government of Scotland

The Papal Nuncio is asked to leave Scotland

Role range: 1542-1567

Papal Nuncio Dismissed

Queen · Edinburgh · Government / Papal Relations

Mary's government asks the papal envoy to leave Scotland

Role range: 1542-1567

1563

Dudley Proposal Refused

Queen · Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Mary refuses to accept Dudley as a suitable husband

Role range: 1542-1567

Dynastic Marriage Negotiations

Queen · Government / Government of Scotland

Queen Elizabeth proposes that Mary marry Robert Dudley but she refuses

Role range: 1542-1567

Marriage Diplomacy

Queen · Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Mary considers marriage diplomacy while Elizabeth promotes Robert Dudley

Role range: 1542-1567

1564

Marriage

Queen · Holyrood · House / House of Stewart

Marries Darnley in her private chapel. A dangerous marriage for Elizabeth I as Darnley is a grandson of Henry VII

Role range: 1542-1567

Marriage

Queen · Edinburgh · House / House of Stewart

Meets Lord Darnley for the 1st time

Role range: 1542-1567

Succession

Queen · House / House of Stewart

Elizabeth I promises to make Mary her successor if she marries Earl Dudley

Role range: 1542-1567

1565

Receives news from Elizabeth she will only be her heir if she

Queen · Government / Government of Scotland

Receives news from Elizabeth she will only be her heir if she marries Leicester

Role range: 1542-1567

Succession

Queen · Government / Government of Scotland

Receives news from Elizabeth she will only be her heir if she marries Leicester

Role range: 1542-1567

Political Support

Queen · Government / Government of Scotland

Learns France will not support her against Murray

Role range: 1542-1567

Exile of Mary of Scots

Queen · House / House of Stewart

The Earl of Moray escapes to England after his unsuccessful rebellion

Role range: 1542-1567

Health of Mary of Scots

Queen · Jedburgh · Science / Medicine

Mary nearly dies

Role range: 1542-1567

Baptism

Queen · Stirling Castle · House / House of Stewart

Marys son, James I, is baptized at Stirling Castle according to the Catholic rite

Role range: 1542-1567

Defence Agreement

Queen · Government / Government of Scotland

Urges the Spanish King to send military aid. Requests 10,000 men & financial support from the Pope, he agrees

Role range: 1542-1567

International Agreement at Edinburgh

Queen · Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Asks Elizabeth to recognize her succession, she agrees

Role range: 1542-1567

Siege of Edinburgh

Queen · Edinburgh · Warfare / England War

Puts down a revolt against her marriage due to Darnleys English descent

Role range: 1542-1567

Rebellion of Mary of Scots

Queen · Warfare / Military

Raises a rebellion against Mary who pawns her jewels to fight her half brother. After Mary marries Darnley Morays rebellion is supported by Elizabeth

Role range: 1542-1567

1566

Assassination of Henry Stewart

Queen · House / House of Stewart

Writes a letter to Beaton expressing her contempt for Darnley

Role range: 1542-1567

Assassination of Henry Stewart

Queen · Kirk OField · House / House of Stewart

Victim of a plot for the "crown matrimonial" & helping Marys enemies. Darnley is assassinated at Kirk-o-Field

Role range: 1542-1567

Assassination of David Rizzio

Queen · Holyrood · House / House of Stewart

Rizzio is assassinated by Darnley & Ruthven in Marys presence. Darnley says it is because of an affair between Rizzio & Mary

Role range: 1542-1567

Death of Mary of Scots

Queen · Edinburgh · House / House of Stewart

Rizzio is assassinated by Darnley & Ruthven in Marys presence. Darnley says it is because of an affair between Rizzio & Mary

Role range: 1542-1567

Arrest of Mary of Scots

Queen · Holyrood · House / House of Stewart

Darnley claims innocence for the murder of Riccio & smuggles Mary out of Holyrood

Role range: 1542-1567

Siege of Edinburgh

Queen · Edinburgh · Warfare / Military

Returns to Edinburgh with 8,000 soldiers under Bothwell

Christening

Queen · Stirling Castle · House / House of Stewart

Given a catholic christening in the chapel royal of Stirling Castle. Elizabeth I is a godparent

Role range: 1542-1567

Birth of James IV

Queen · Edinburgh · House / House of Stewart

Birth of James IV, the Mons Meg is fired in salute

Role range: 1542-1567

Trial

Queen · House / House of Stewart

Gives her half brother Moray a pardon after Darnleys assassination of David Rizzio

Role range: 1542-1567

Plot

Queen · House / House of Stewart

The "casket letters" are used to involve Marys complicity with Bothwell

Role range: 1542-1567

Records, sources and methodology

These dates and descriptions come from the historical_events database. Exact duplicate records have been collapsed. Names are grouped by the country, Name 2 and Name 1 fields; records with missing Name 2 cannot be reliably assigned to an individual biography. Check the underlying sources before formal citation.