Pichegru Sent Toward Guiana Deportation
Pichegru was among the principal defeated deputies sentenced to deportation in French Guiana rather than tried through ordinary criminal proceedings.
Permanent historical records · Updated 2026-11-03
1797 in France — Page 5
Explore 206 historical events and records for France in 1797.
Historical records for France in 1797
Sorted by month and day. Records with no month are shown last. Showing 40 of 206 unique records.
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Pichegru Takes Lower Council Presidency
General Pichegru became president of the Council of Five Hundred, giving the newly strengthened conservative bloc a prominent parliamentary figure.
Political Deportations Receive Executive Support
The regime removed defeated opponents through exceptional deportation orders rather than relying on normal parliamentary or judicial safeguards.
Preliminaries of Leoben Bonaparte
France and Austria agreed to preliminary peace terms at Leoben after French advances toward Vienna. Bonaparte had assumed a substantial diplomatic role beyond his formal military command.
Presidency of Council of Five Hundred
Sieyes held the presidency of the Council of Five Hundred as constitutional politics remained unstable after the Fructidor intervention.
Press closures after Fructidor Council of Five Hundred
Royalist newspapers were suppressed after the coup, shrinking the opposition's public platform. Legislative acquiescence revealed how the executive used an emergency to restrict political competition.
Press Restrictions Follow Military Coup
New censorship powers curtailed royalist newspapers and exposed the tension between republican security and the political liberties announced in 1789.
Reconsideration of refractory clergy laws Council of Five Hundred
Religious policy became a focus of political conflict after the elections. Proposals affecting nonjuring priests and freedom of worship divided republicans from deputies sympathetic to Catholic restoration.
Religious Legislation Worsens Institutional Dispute
Proposed concessions to refractory priests increased his suspicion that the councils sought to reverse the Revolution through legislation.
Religious Policy Hardens After Coup
La Revelliere Lepeaux supported renewed action against clerical networks, reflecting the regimes belief that nonjuring priests fostered counterrevolution.
Repressive press legislation reviewed Council of Ancients
Following Fructidor, the government expanded measures against royalist political organization and newspapers. The councils considered provisions that curtailed liberties associated with the Revolution's earlier phases.
Republican Directors Form Defensive Alliance
Rewbell cooperated with Barras and La Revelliere Lepeaux as the three Directors prepared to resist the growing conservative legislative majority.
Republican Majority Reassembled Under Pressure
The reduced councils approved legislation prepared by the victorious faction, giving a formal parliamentary appearance to an armed political purge.
Restrictions on electoral candidates scrutinized Council of Five Hundred
Disputes following Fructidor illustrated how eligibility rules could be used to remove or exclude political opponents. Members of the Five Hundred confronted the legitimacy of a chamber transformed through exceptional decrees.
Restrictions on emigres questioned Council of Five Hundred
Conservative deputies sought to revisit measures affecting émigrés and suspected royalists. The issue became a test of whether legislative majorities could redirect the republic's political settlement.
Returned Emigres Targeted by New Laws
The Fructidor settlement revived strict action against returning emigres, with the executive treating their presence as a security danger.
Revisions to laws on emigres disputed Council of Ancients
The legislative councils reconsidered restrictions affecting émigrés and their families after the royalist electoral resurgence. The Ancients' review became part of a struggle over whether republican gains would survive.
Rewbell Helps Reconstruct Political Executive
Rewbell stayed in office as his defeated colleagues were removed, preserving the controlling position of the three interventionist Directors.
Rotating Presidency Ends in November
La Revelliere Lepeaux completed his second presidential term while remaining a Director under the reconfigured republican administration.
Royalist Correspondence Becomes Political Evidence
Reports connecting Pichegru with Bourbon agents strengthened the Directors case that the legislative opposition contained supporters of a monarchical restoration.
Royalist Deputies Removed From Councils
Barras supported exceptional decrees that excluded opposition parliamentarians and reversed the electorate's recent gains.
Royalist deputies' seats invalidated Council of Ancients
Legislation enacted after Fructidor struck down a range of recent election results. The Council of Ancients participated in reshaping its own membership through politically motivated exclusions.
Royalist Election Results Alarm Directory
Conservative advances in the legislative elections made La Revelliere Lepeaux fear that republican institutions would be overturned from within.
Royalist Electoral Advance Challenges Directory
The April elections increased the influence of monarchist sympathizers in the councils, leading Barras to fear that the republican executive could be displaced.
Royalist gains transform legislative balance Council of Ancients
The elections of Year V brought an influx of conservative and royalist-leaning deputies into the two councils. Their victories intensified conflict between legislative majorities and republican Directors.
Royalist Newspapers Face Suppression
The restored republican majority supported the closure of opposition newspapers, narrowing the scope of political debate under the Directory.
Royalist Parliamentary Strategy Ends in Defeat
Pichegrus arrest ended the attempt to constrain the republican Directors through the electoral strength of conservative deputies.
Royalist success creates parliamentary challenge Barras
Elections brought more conservative deputies into both legislative councils in 1797. Barras feared their influence could dismantle republican protections and weaken the Directory.
Second Directorial Presidency Starts
La Revelliere Lepeaux began another rotating presidency in August 1797, just as confrontation with the conservative councils reached its climax.
Second Directory presidency
Carnot again served as president of the Directory during a tense political period from May to August 1797.
Second rotating Directory presidency Barras
Barras again occupied the Directory's rotating presidency late in 1797. The office brought ceremonial prominence while decisions continued to require cooperation among the five Directors.
Sieyes Survives Attempted Assassination
An attacker wounded Sieyes in the wrist, demonstrating that revolutionary political disputes could still expose leading constitutional figures to personal violence.
Split among Directors on legislative opposition Barras
Barras aligned with Rewbell and La Révellière-Lépeaux against Carnot and Barthélemy. Their disagreement centered on whether force should be used to confront the elected royalist opposition.
Support for antiroyalist Directory Bonaparte
Bonaparte provided political and military backing to republican Directors confronting royalist gains in France. His position showed how victory abroad could influence factional struggles at home.
Talleyrand addresses Institute on overseas commerce
He spoke on commercial and colonial questions before the Institut de France. The work displayed the economic interests that increasingly informed his diplomatic outlook.
Talleyrand appointed foreign minister
In July, Talleyrand became Minister of Foreign Relations under the Directory. The appointment gave him central responsibility for diplomacy during France's expanding European conflicts.
Talleyrand assumes foreign ministry Barras
Talleyrand became Minister of Foreign Relations with support from Barras. His appointment gave the Directory an experienced diplomatic intermediary at a time of expanding French influence abroad.
Talleyrand cultivates relationship with Bonaparte
He established ties with Napoleon Bonaparte after the general's successes in Italy. Their developing relationship connected military achievement to high-level political maneuvering.
Theophilanthropic Movement Receives Public Support
La Revelliere Lepeaux promoted Theophilanthropy, a moral and religious movement intended to encourage belief in God and civic virtue without Catholic hierarchy.
Treaty of Campo Formio
Austria recognizes the Italian Republics & France gains the Ionian Islands
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