Explore 244 historical events and records for France in 1799.
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Jean Victor Marie Moreau figured in events surrounding moreau backs military operation at Saint-Cloud. His cooperation widened the military support available to the conspirators. The action changed the balance between Bonaparte, the legislative councils and politicians seeking a stronger executive.
The coup of Brumaire ended the Directory, and Napoleon became a provisional consul alongside Sieyes and Roger Ducos.
Ducos became one of the three provisional consuls chosen after the legislative councils were neutralized. The appointment marked the formal replacement of the Directory by a new executive arrangement.
Roger Ducos figured in events surrounding provisional executive announced at Saint-Cloud. The appointment marked the formal replacement of the Directory by a new executive arrangement. It was one step in dismantling the five-member Directory and establishing the provisional Consulate.
Sieyes was designated provisional consul together with Bonaparte and Ducos. Although he had helped devise the coup, the emerging arrangement increasingly favored Bonaparte.
Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes figured in events surrounding sieyes enters provisional consulate at Saint-Cloud. Although he had helped devise the coup, the emerging arrangement increasingly favored Bonaparte. The episode contributed to the outcome in which Bonaparte emerged as France’s leading executive authority.
Bonaparte took up authority under the provisional Consulate in the aftermath of the Saint-Cloud events. A military-backed political reversal was presented as the beginning of constitutional reconstruction.
Napoleon Bonaparte figured in events surrounding consular authority proclaimed at Paris. A military-backed political reversal was presented as the beginning of constitutional reconstruction. This development weakened constitutional checks built into the Directory and prepared the replacement of its executive institutions.
Fouche remained a central police official as the Consulate consolidated its control of Paris. Continuity in surveillance and public order helped the new government avoid an immediate counterstroke.
Joseph Fouche figured in events surrounding fouche retained in new regime at Paris. Continuity in surveillance and public order helped the new government avoid an immediate counterstroke. The event illustrated how the availability of armed force could determine the outcome of a dispute among civilian leaders.
After Brumaire, Talleyrand returned to the Ministry of Foreign Relations and aligned himself closely with Bonaparte's new government.
Talleyrand returned to the foreign affairs portfolio under the new consular regime. His appointment connected Bonaparte's administration to experienced diplomatic networks from the Directory.
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord figured in events surrounding talleyrand returns to diplomacy at Paris. His appointment connected Bonaparte's administration to experienced diplomatic networks from the Directory. The action changed the balance between Bonaparte, the legislative councils and politicians seeking a stronger executive.
The Constitution of Year VIII was adopted in the wake of Brumaire and replaced the Directory's framework with a Consulate. The document created institutions that concentrated practical executive authority in the First Consul.
Pierre Claude Francois Daunou figured in events surrounding constitution of year viii completed at Paris. The document created institutions that concentrated practical executive authority in the First Consul. It was one step in dismantling the five-member Directory and establishing the provisional Consulate.
The institutions of the Consulate began operating under the Constitution of Year VIII with Bonaparte as First Consul. The coup had culminated in a durable executive system dominated by its principal military leader.
Napoleon Bonaparte figured in events surrounding bonaparte becomes first consul at Paris. The coup had culminated in a durable executive system dominated by its principal military leader. The episode contributed to the outcome in which Bonaparte emerged as France’s leading executive authority.
The Constitution of Year VIII comes into force
Brunel presents the Admiralty with his proposal to mechanise the production of ships' pulley blocks for the Royal Navy.
Sieyes found support in Director Roger Ducos, giving proponents of institutional change an influential bloc inside the executive itself.
Following the dispersal of the Five Hundred, remaining legislators were pressed to accept a provisional executive and replacement institutions. The Ancients' participation supplied a veneer of legality to the military-backed settlement.
On 18 Brumaire, members of the Council of Ancients were told that the legislature faced a dangerous conspiracy. The accusation helped secure a decree transferring both chambers away from Paris.
Although Barras remained a Director after Prairial, the crisis dismantled much of the factional balance that had protected his position.
During the coup of 18 Brumaire, Barras resigned from the Directory as Bonaparte and civilian allies seized the initiative. His departure helped deprive the executive of the membership needed to govern.
Barras survived the parliamentary attack but faced a changed executive in which former alliances and sources of influence were weakened.
Commands the centre of the army at the Battle of Canope
French forces under Bonaparte fought Ottoman troops in the vicinity of Mount Tabor during the Syrian campaign. Their success prevented an immediate threat to the French siege forces near Acre.
Brunel works with Henry Maudslay on precision models and machine components needed for his naval block-making system.
Bonaparte entered the Five Hundred's meeting room and encountered fierce protests from deputies who considered soldiers a threat to legislative independence. His attempted intervention did not win voluntary parliamentary consent.
The Ancients entrusted Bonaparte with the military force assigned to protect the councils during their relocation. The authorization gave conspirators practical control of the troops surrounding the legislature.
Bonaparte moved east from Egypt against Ottoman positions in southern Syria. The campaign was intended to forestall an invasion of Egypt but strained French supplies and transport.
Captrures Egypt & forms a Government
French troops stormed Jaffa after a siege during the Syrian expedition. The subsequent killing of prisoners became one of the campaign's most controversial actions.
Appointed Chief of Staff of the Army of Italy
Appointed Chief of Staff of the Army of Italy
Appointed Commander of the army in Switzerland
Appointed Commander of the Consular Guard
The councils confronted emergency financial proposals intended to fund defense during the War of the Second Coalition. Disputes over a forced loan revealed divisions between property holders and renewed Jacobin pressure.
The Prairial crisis revealed that the Year III arrangements did not prevent legislative majorities from forcing the resignation of supposedly independent Directors.
Sieyes preferred a system that would constrain the chief executive, but Bonaparte secured the more powerful position in the Constitution of Year VIII.
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