Amanullah Khan Biography

Amanullah establishes relations with Soviet Russia, which recognizes Afghanistan's independence.

Amanullah takes control in Kabul and defeats Nasrullah's claim to the throne.

Amanullah declares Afghanistan fully independent in foreign affairs.

Afghan forces cross the frontier, beginning the Third Anglo-Afghan War.

The peace treaty ends the war and confirms Afghanistan's control of its foreign policy.

Afghanistan signs a friendship treaty with Soviet Russia, securing diplomatic recognition, aid, and transit arrangements.

Britain and Afghanistan sign a treaty establishing normal diplomatic relations after independence.

Amanullah promulgates Afghanistan's first written constitution and defines a centralized constitutional state.

A tribal and religious rebellion challenges Amanullah's reforms and centralizing government.

Government forces defeat the Khost rebellion after prolonged fighting.

Amanullah changes his title from amir to king of Afghanistan.

Amanullah begins an extensive foreign tour to study modernization and strengthen diplomatic relations.

Amanullah presents sweeping administrative, educational, and social reforms to a Loya Jirga.

Amanullah abdicates as rebel forces threaten Kabul.