Mohammad Najibullah Biography

Najibullah becomes PDPA general secretary and begins consolidating control over the government.

Najibullah begins promoting national reconciliation as the central policy of his government.

Najibullah begins a unilateral ceasefire intended to open negotiations with resistance groups.

Najibullah announces a unilateral ceasefire and invites opposition groups to negotiate.

A new constitution establishes the Republic of Afghanistan and provides for an elected presidency.

Najibullah assumes the constitutional presidency and continues his national reconciliation policy.

The Loya Jirga elects Najibullah president under the new constitution.

The United Nations set up a special Mission to oversee the Geneva Protocols. Pakistan and Afghanistan, with the United States and Soviet Union serving as guarantors, sign an agreement settling the major differences between them known as the Geneva Accords

The United Nations set up a special Mission to oversee the Geneva Protocols

The withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan is announced

The United Nations set up a special Mission to oversee the Geneva Protocols

Afghanistan and Pakistan sign the Geneva Accords, establishing a timetable for Soviet withdrawal.

The last Soviet troops leave Afghanistan while Najibullah's government remains in power.

A Loya Jirga amends the constitution, strengthens Islamic provisions, and removes remaining communist terminology.

Najibullah announces his resignation as government authority collapses and opposition forces approach Kabul.

Captured by the Taliban

Captured by the Taliban