Edward the Black Prince Biography and Timeline

Birth of Edward the Black Prince

Birth of Edward the Black Prince, eldest son of King Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, and the father of King Richard II of England

Role range: 1343-1376

Earl of Chester Created

Edward of Woodstock is created Earl of Chester while still a child

Role range: 1333-1376

Peerage

Created Earl of Chester

Role range: 1343-1376

Peerage

Created Duke of Cornwall, 1st Duke created in England

Role range: 1343-1376

Investiture

Invested as Prince of Wales

Role range: 1343-1376

English Expedition Withdrawn after Artevelde Death

The English expedition in Flanders loses momentum after the killing of Jacob van Artevelde.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Flanders Campaign

Of little significance and ended after three weeks when one of Edward's allies, Jacob van Artevelde, a former brewer and eventual governor of Flanders, was murdered by his own citizens

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Battle of Crecy

Commands the right wing at the Battle of Crecy

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Calais

By then, Edward's army in France required supplies and reinforcements from Flanders, so they withdrew to the north.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Calais

Edward III asserted dominion over France, and defeated the French navy in the Battle of Sluys in 1340.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Calais

Edward needed a defensible port where his army could regroup and be resupplied.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Calais

English ships had already left Normandy for England.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Calais

He would go on to make raids throughout Normandy, the last of which led to the Battle of Crecy in 1346.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Calais

The Siege of Calais began in 1346.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Battle of Winchelsea

Between 14 and 26 Castilian ships were captured, and some were sunk, while 2 English vessels were sunk and many suffered heavy losses.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Battle of Winchelsea

Edward III and the Black Prince commanded 50 English ships against 44 larger Castilian and Genoese vessels commanded by Don Carlos de la Cerda.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Battle of Winchelsea

The Battle of Les Espagnols sur Mer, also called the Battle of Winchelsea, was an English naval victory.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Lieutenant

Edward the Black Prince is appointed Lieutenant in Gascony, he departs for Gascony to take up duties

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Lieutenant

Edward the Black Prince is appointed Lieutenant in Gascony, he departs for Gascony to take up duties

Invasion of France

Invades southern France from a base in Bordeaux

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Great Raid

The Great Raid of 1355 in the Aquitaine'gLanguedoc region, which crippled southern France economically, and provoked resentment of the French throne among French peasantry. The raid also 'cushioned' the area for conquest, opened up alliances with neighbours in Aquitaine, the one with Charles II of Navarre being the most notable, and caused many regions to move towards autonomy from France, as France was not as united as England

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Carcassonne

Edward the Black Prince burns Carcassonne

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Narbonne

Edward the Black Prince burns Narbonne

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Invasion of France

Launches raids into central France from Bergerac

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Tours

Edward the Black Prince plunders Tours

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Arrest of John II

Edward the Black Prince defeats the French & captures King John II at the Battle of Poitiers & takes him back to England

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Battle of Poitiers

After Edward's victory John II agrees to return possessions to England.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Battle of Poitiers

After the Battle of Poitiers Edward holds the King's of England & Scotland & the Duke of Brittany under captivity.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Battle of Poitiers

Edward the Black Prince defeats the French & captures King John II at the Battle of Poitiers & takes him back to England.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Battle of Poitiers

Edward the Black Prince defeats the French & captures King John II at the Battle of Poitiers.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Battle of Poitiers

John II is taken to England & joins King David of Scotland in captivity.

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Siege of Poitiers

Receives a ransom of 20,000 pounds for prisoners taken at Poitiers

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Rule of Aquitaine

Rules Aquitaine, 1360-71

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Succession

Rules Aquitaine, 1360-71

Role range: 1337-1453 – 1343-1376

Marriage

Marries Joan, the "fair maid of Kent"

Role range: 1343-1376

Rule of Gascony

Edward III grants the Prince of Wales the Kingdom of Gascony

Role range: 1343-1376

Succession

Succeeds to the Duchy of Lancaster. Succeeds as Prince of Wales. Receives English lands in southern France from his father

Role range: 1343-1376

Battle of Najera

Fought between an Anglo-Gascon army and Franco-Castilian forces near Najera, in the province of La Rioja, Castile. The English were led by Edward, the Black Prince, and John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, allied with Peter of Castile (sometimes called "Peter the Cruel") against his brother Henry of Trastámara (Spanish: Enrique II). Restores Peter the cruel to the throne of Castille

Role range: 1337-1453

Hearth Tax in Aquitaine

The Black Prince imposes taxation in Aquitaine to meet Castilian campaign debts

Role range: 1343-1376

Rebellion of Baronial

Faces a Baronial revolt after 5 years of unpopular hearth tax collection

Role range: 1343-1376