Charles Howard Biography and Timeline

Birth of Charles Howard

Birth of Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham

Peerage

Created Baron of Effingham

Lord Chamberlain

Appointed Lord Chamberlain

Role range: 1558-1559

Ambassador

Appointed Ambassador of France

Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis

Present at the peace negotiations between England and France which led to the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis of 1559. He personally informed Elizabeth of its ratification

Keeper of Queen's House

Howard is appointed Keeper of the Queen's House

Role range: 1562-1585

Keeper of Queens House

Appointed Keeper of the Queen's house

Parliament

Carries the canopy of state when Queen Elizabeth opened her second Parliament

Commander of Horse

Commands the Horse against the northern rebels

Rebellion of Catholic

Suppresses a Catholic rebellion in northern England

Knighthood

Recieves a Knighthood

Lord Privy Seal

Appointed Lord Privy Seal

Peerage

Created Baron Effingham, 2nd

Order of the Garter

Elected to Order of the Garter

Trial

A Commissioner at the trial of Mary Queen of Scots

Commander in Chief

He was furthermore given full authority over the navy and army at sea.

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Commander in Chief

Howard's commission is signed, requiring Howard "according as there shall be occasion, and wherever and whenever he shall deem it fitting, to invade.

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Commander in Chief

Orders were drawn up for Howard to take the fleet to sea.

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Commander in Chief

enter, spoil and make himself master of the kingdoms, dominions, lands, islands, and all other places whatever belonging to the said Spaniards".

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Armada Sighted

Howard receives reports that the Spanish Armada has been sighted off Cornwall and prepares the English fleet to contest its passage up the Channel.

Role range: 1536-1624 – 1558-1603

Battle of Calais

An English attack is launched from the Scilly Isles by Lord Howard

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Spanish Armada, 1st

As the tide turned, 55 English ships set out to confront them from Plymouth under the command of Lord Howard of Effingham, with Sir Francis Drake as Vice Admiral. Howard ceded some control to Drake, given his experience in battle. The rear admiral was Sir John Hawkins

Role range: 1585-1604

English Fleet Presses Armada toward Flemish Coast

Howard keeps the English fleet close to the Armada as it moves toward the Flemish coast.

Role range: 1585-1604

Battle of Gravelines

The Spanish Armada is defeated by an English naval force under command of Lord Charles Howard and Sir Francis Drake off the coast of Gravelines, now in France

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Battle of Flanders Coast

The English and Spanish fleets again engage off the coast of Flanders, the English again are more successful

Role range: 1585-1604

Battle of Gravelines

On the day after Gravelines, the wind had backed, southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move the Armada northward (away from the French coast), the English pursue the Spanish fleet, to prevent it returning to escort Parma

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Battle of Calais

Sends 8 tarred fireships to attack the Armada where it waits to rendezvous with Parma

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

English Ammunition Pressure Eases after Gravelines

Howard reduces close pursuit after the Armada is driven clear of Flanders and English ammunition runs low.

Role range: 1585-1604

Spanish Armada, 1st

Howard calls a halt to the chase in the latitude of the Firth of Forth off Scotland but ut by that point, the Spanish are suffering from thirst and exhaustion, the only option left to Sidonia is to chart a course home to Spain, along the Atlantic

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Spanish Armada, 1st

Although their shot lockers were almost empty, the English pursued in an attempt to prevent the enemy from returning to escort Parma.

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Spanish Armada, 1st

By that point, the Spanish were suffering from thirst and exhaustion, and the only option left to Medina Sidonia was to chart a course home to Spain, by a very hazardous route

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Spanish Armada, 1st

On 2 August Old Style (12 August New Style) Howard called a halt to the pursuit in the latitude of the Firth of Forth off Scotland.

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Spanish Armada, 1st

On the day after the Battle of Gravelines, the wind had backed southerly, enabling Medina Sidonia to move his fleet northward away from the French coast.

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Commander in Chief

Named Commander in Chief of the English fleet against the Spanish Armada although he does not directly take charge of the fighting

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Spanish Armada, 1st

Effingham orders an indirect strategy of harassing the Spanish fleet rather than attacking them directly

Role range: 1585-1604 – 1585-1615

Commander in Chief

Named Commander in Chief of the English fleet against the Spanish Armada although he does not directly take charge of the fighting

Siege of Cadiz

Assists Essex on his Cadiz expedition

Role range: 1585-1604

Peerage

Created Earl of Nottingham, 1st

Role range: 1585-1615

Lord Lieutenant General of England

Appointed Lord Lieutenant General of England

Trial

A Commissioner at the trial of Essex