Penda Biography and Timeline

Succession

Succeeds as King of Mercia

Role range: 0633-0655

Penda Emerges As Mercian Ruler

Penda became the defining Mercian ruler of the seventh century, although the precise date of his accession is disputed.

Battle of Cirencester

Cwichelm & Cynegils are defeated by Penda. After the Battle of Cirencester Gloucester & Cirencester pass into Mercian control

Role range: 0633-0655

Capture of Hwicce

Captures Hwicce

Role range: 0633-0655

Marriage

Agrees to marry Cynewise, sister of Cynegils

Role range: 0633-0655

Rule of Cirencester

After the Battle of Cirencester Gloucester & Cirencester pass into Mercian control

Role range: 0633-0655

Rule of Gloucester

After the Battle of Cirencester Gloucester & Cirencester pass into Mercian control

Role range: 0633-0655

Battle of Hatfield Chase

Penda of Mercia & Cadwallon of north Wales defeat the Northumbria. After victory at Hatfield Chase Penda becomes King of Mercia

Role range: 0633-0655

Penda Defeats Edwin

Penda allied with Cadwallon against Edwin of Northumbria and won the Battle of Hatfield Chase, changing the balance of power in northern England.

Battle of Maserfeld

The Battle establishes Mercia as the leading Anglo-Saxon kingdom. Defeats & kills Oswald

Role range: 0633-0655

Penda Wins Maserfield Battle

Penda defeated and killed Oswald of Northumbria at Maserfield, greatly strengthening Mercian military prestige.

Invasion of Wessex

Penda invades Wessex after Cenwealh abandons his wife, Pendas sister

Role range: 0633-0655

Rule of Wessex

Penda drives Cenwalh out of Wessex

Role range: 0633-0655

Siege of Bamburgh

Unsuccessfully attempts to capture Banburgh Castle

Role range: 0633-0655

Invasion of East Anglia

Penda drives Anna out of his Kingdom of East Anglia. Kills Anna in battle

Role range: 0633-0655

Rule of East Anglia

Routes the East Angles & kills their King

Role range: 0633-0655

Invasion of Bernicia

Penda launches an attack with Aethelhere & Cadafael on Bernicia

Role range: 0633-0655

Battle of Winwaed

Killed by King Oswy while invading Bernicia. Killed at the Battle of Winwaed. Defeated & killed by King Oswy

Role range: 0633-0655

Conversion

Converts Mercia to christianity after Pendas death

Role range: 0633-0655

Death of Penda

Death of Penda, Oswy kills Penda in battle, the last great pagan King

Role range: 0633-0655

Death of Penda

Death of Penda, Oswy kills Penda in battle, the last great pagan King

Role range: 0633-0655

Penda Killed At Winwaed

Penda was killed fighting Oswiu of Northumbria at the Battle of the Winwaed, triggering a temporary loss of Mercian independence.