Lazare Nicholas Marguerite Carnot Biography and Timeline — Page 2

Mobilization

Placed in charge of organisation & direction of the armies

Army of the North

The Army of the North defeats an Allied Army at Turcoing

Role range: 1793-1799 – 1793-1797

Army of the North

The Army of the North defeats an Allied Army at Turcoing.

Role range: 1793-1799 – 1793-1797

Battle of Turcoing

The Army of the North defeats an Allied Army at Turcoing

Role range: 1792-1799 – 1793-1797

Battle of Hooglede

The Allied Army is forced to retreat northwards

Role range: 1792-1799 – 1793-1797

Battle of Tournai

A drawn Battle with the Allies

Role range: 1792-1799 – 1793-1797

Promotion to Chef de Bataillon

Carnot was promoted to chef de bataillon while continuing his political and military work during the final months of the Convention.

Role range: 1795-1799

Directory

Appointed Head of the Directory

Role range: 1793-1799

Directory

Appointed Head of the Directory

Opposition to Constitution of Year III

Carnot criticised the Constitution of Year III, particularly its bicameral legislature and the proposed organisation of executive power.

Role range: 1795-1799

Election to Council of Ancients

Carnot was elected to the Council of Ancients as the new constitutional system replaced the National Convention.

Role range: 1795-1799

Institute of France

Carnot became a member of the newly organised Institut de France, reflecting his standing as both a scientist and revolutionary administrator.

Role range: 1795-1799

Election to Directory

Carnot joined the five-member Executive Directory and took responsibility for major military affairs.

Role range: 1795-1799 – 1795-1797

Military Affairs of Directory

Carnot assumed a leading role in directing military policy for the new Directory.

Role range: 1795-1799 – 1795-1797

Operational Planning with Jourdan

Carnot worked with Jourdan on operational planning as the Directory prepared renewed campaigns against Coalition armies.

Role range: 1795-1799 – 1795-1797

Directory

Appointed Member of Directory

Role range: 1793-1799 – 1795-1797

National Convention

Appointed President of the National Convention

Role range: 1793-1799 – 1795-1797

President of France

Appointed President of the National Convention

Role range: 1793-1799 – 1795-1797

Directory

Appointed Member of Directory

National Convention

Appointed President of the National Convention

President of France

Appointed President of the National Convention

Replacement of Pichegru

Carnot supported replacing Pichegru with Moreau in a senior army command as the Directory reorganised its military leadership.

Role range: 1795-1799 – 1795-1797

Appointment of Bonaparte

Carnot supported the appointment of Bonaparte as commander in chief of the Army of Italy.

Role range: 1795-1799 – 1795-1797

Direction of Military Campaigns

Carnot continued coordinating military affairs as French armies campaigned in Italy and Germany during 1796.

Role range: 1795-1799 – 1795-1797

Opposition to Fructidor Coup

Carnot opposed plans for an anti-royalist coup by fellow Directors as conflict intensified between the executive and elected councils.

Role range: 1795-1799 – 1795-1797

Committee of Public Safety

Removed from the Committee of Public Safety

Role range: 1793-1799

Dismissal

Removed from the Committee of Public Safety

Role range: 1793-1799

Proscription of Carnot

The coup of 18 Fructidor included Carnot in the proscription because he had opposed the action taken by Barras and allied Directors.

Role range: 1795-1799 – 1795-1797

Escape from Paris

Carnot escaped arrest during the Fructidor coup and went into hiding before leaving France.

Role range: 1795-1799

Exile in Switzerland

Carnot reached Switzerland after escaping the Fructidor proscription and continued living outside France.

Role range: 1795-1799

Loss of Public Offices

After Fructidor, Carnot was stripped of his Directorial office, legislative status and place in the Institut de France.

Role range: 1795-1799

Coup

Flees to Switzerland & Germany during the coup of Fructidor

Role range: 1793-1799

Exile of Lazare Nicholas Marguerite Carnot

Flees to Switzerland & Germany during the coup of Fructidor

Role range: 1793-1799

Minister of War

Appointed Minister of War by Napoleon

Minister of War

Appointed Minister of War by Napoleon

Role range: 1800-1815 – 1800-1801

Tribunate

Appointed Member of Tribunate

Tribunate

Appointed Member of Tribunate

Role range: 1800-1815 – 1802-1807

Minister of Interior

Appointed Minister of the Interior by Napoleon during the "100 days"

Exile of Lazare Nicholas Marguerite Carnot

Exiled by Louis XVIII after the 100 days

Role range: 1800-1815

Exile of Lazare Nicholas Marguerite Carnot

Proscribed after Napoleon's downfall & retires to Germany

Role range: 1800-1815 – 1815-1815