Andre Massena Biography

Birth of Andre Massena

Appointed Corporal

Appointed Sargeant

Appointed Quartermaster

Appointed Adjutant NCO

Andre Massena Essling, Duke was appointed adjutant-major of the second battalion of volunteers of the Var.

Appointed adjutant-major of the second battalion of volunteers of the Var

Andre Massena Essling was appointed Adjutant-Major of the 2nd battalion of volunteers of the Var.

Appointed Adjutant-Major of the 2nd battalion of volunteers of the Var

Appointed General of Division

Massenas 1st military victory

Andre Massena fought in the French victory at Loano as the Army of Italy broke Austrian and Sardinian positions on the Ligurian coast.

Massena played a leading role at Montenotte during the opening French victories of Bonaparte's first Italian campaign.

Massena fought at Dego as French forces continued separating the Austrian and Piedmontese armies in northern Italy.

Massena fought at Lodi during the French advance across the Adda toward Milan.

Massena fought around Lonato during Bonaparte's operations against the Austrian attempt to relieve Mantua.

Massena's division contributed to the French victory at Castiglione against Wurmser's Austrian army.

Massena fought at Bassano as Bonaparte pursued Austrian forces during the campaign around Mantua.

Massena fought at Arcole during the three-day battle that forced Austrian forces away from the Adige.

Massena's troops marched hard and fought at Rivoli, helping defeat the final Austrian attempt to relieve Mantua.

Massena fought at La Favorita after Rivoli as French forces completed the defeat of the Austrian relief effort around Mantua.

Massena was appointed commander of the First Division during the reorganisation of the Army of Italy.

Massena was assigned to the Army of England while French leaders considered operations against Britain.

Massena commanded troops detailed to occupy the Papal States during French intervention in central Italy.

Massena relinquished command after a mutiny among troops serving in the Papal States.

The Directory recalled Massena after the mutiny that disrupted his command in the Papal States.

Massena was appointed commander of the Army of Helvetia as France prepared for renewed campaigning in Switzerland.

Massena arrived at Zurich to take up his Swiss command and was placed under Jourdan's higher operational authority.

Appointed Commander of the army in Switzerland

Massena fought at Coire during operations against Coalition forces in the Swiss theatre.

Massena fought at Feldkirch during the difficult spring campaign against Austrian forces near the eastern Swiss frontier.

Massena became provisional commander in chief of the combined Armies of the Danube and Helvetia after Jourdan left command.

Massena defeated Russian and Austrian forces at Zurich, helping force Suvorov's army into a difficult retreat through Switzerland.

Defends Genoa

Appointed Deputy for the Seine in the Corps Legislatif

Appointed Marshal of the Empire

Appointed Marshal of the Empire

Created Duke of Rivoli

Appointed Commander of the Army of Portugal

Awarded with the Grand Eagle of the Legion of Honour

Created Prince of Essling

Sent with a force of 45,000 troops to relieve Ciudad Rodrigo

Defeated in battle by Wellington during the siege of the fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo

Defeated in battle by Wellington during the siege of the fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo

Appointed Peer of France

Death of Andre Massena