Paul von Hindenburg Biography

Retires three years before his wartime recall.

Leaves active military service after commanding an army corps.

General Nikolai Ruzsky, commander of the Russian Northwest Front, brings up significant reinforcement against the Ninth Army, att this time Hindenburg learned of a planned Russian offensive into Silesia from a captured Russian soldier

General Nikolai Ruzsky, commander of the Russian Northwest Front, brings up significant reinforcement against the Ninth Army, att this time Hindenburg learned of a planned Russian offensive into Silesia from a captured Russian soldier

The Germans were unfamiliar with the land and unable to bring sufficient reinforcements to the Ninth Army, allowing Ruzsky to concentrate his front against Mackensen. On October 17, Hindenburg orders a retreat, and by the 31st the battle is over

The Germans were unfamiliar with the land and unable to bring sufficient reinforcements to the Ninth Army, allowing Ruzsky to concentrate his front against Mackensen. On October 17, Hindenburg orders a retreat, and by the 31st the battle is over

The Germans were unfamiliar with the land and unable to bring sufficient reinforcements to the Ninth Army, allowing Ruzsky to concentrate his front against Mackensen. On October 17, Hindenburg orders a retreat, and by the 31st the battle is over

Hindenburg had intercepted Russian reports of the proposed invasion into Silesia, and sees an opportunity to repeat his crushing victory at the Battle of Tannenberg, by hitting the Russian flank at Lodz as it moves into Silesia.

Hindenburg moves the German Ninth Army, under General August von Mackensen, to the Polish sector.

Pressure on Lodz continues until December but the Germans are unable to break the Russian lines, short on ammunition, the Russians withdraw to form a new and stronger line closer to Warsaw.

Hindenburg had intercepted Russian reports of the proposed invasion into Silesia, and sees an opportunity to repeat his crushing victory at the Battle of Tannenberg, by hitting the Russian flank at Lodz as it moves into Silesia

Hindenburg moves the German Ninth Army, under General August von Mackensen, to the Polish sector

The Russians had repulsed the Germans and saved Warsaw, which had been the objective of the original German offensive, the Germans, for their part, had caused the Russians to abandon their offensive into Silesia

The Russians had repulsed the Germans and saved Warsaw, which had been the objective of the original German offensive, the Germans, for their part, had caused the Russians to abandon their offensive into Silesia

The Russians had repulsed the Germans and saved Warsaw, which had been the objective of the original German offensive, the Germans, for their part, had caused the Russians to abandon their offensive into Silesia

Supports the withdrawal to a shorter defensive line known to the Allies as the Hindenburg Line.

Oversees German strategic support for the counterattack.

Hindenburg reviews the Locarno settlement as the government prepares the agreements for parliamentary approval.

Appoints Adolf Hitler Chancellor at the head of a Nazi DNVP coalition, ending the last Weimar attempt to contain the Nazi movement through conservative cabinet politics.

Dissolves the Reichstag after Hitler requests a new election intended to strengthen the Nazi-led coalition.

Signs a decree restricting press freedom and public meetings, giving the Government more power over election campaigning.

Signs the Reichstag Fire Decree, suspending civil liberties and permitting detention without normal constitutional protection.

Attends the Potsdam ceremony with Hitler, symbolising conservative acceptance of the new Nazi-led Government.

Signs the Enabling Act after the Reichstag vote, allowing Hitler's cabinet to enact laws without Reichstag approval.