William Ewart Gladstone Biography and Timeline — Page 2

Education

Receives an honorary degree from Oxford University

Oxford University

Receives an honorary degree from Oxford University

Church Penitentiary Association

Founds the Church Penitentiary Association for the Reclamation of Fallen Women

Church Penitentiary Association

Gladstone founds the Church Penitentiary Association for the Reclamation of Fallen Women

Reclamation of Fallen Women

Gladstone founds the Church Penitentiary Association for the Reclamation of Fallen Women. Aids the House of Mercy at Clewer near Windsor (which exercised extreme in-house discipline) and spends much time arranging employment for ex-prostitutes

House of Mercy

Begins the "rescue work" with "fallen women" and meets prostitutes late at night on the street, in his house or in their houses, writing their names in a private notebook and heps the House of Mercy at Clewer near Windsor

Peelites

After Peel's death in 1850 Gladstone emerged as the leader of the Peelites in the House of Commons

Peelites

After Peels death in 1850 Gladstone emerges as the leader of the Peelites in the House of Commons

Privations of political prisoners make Gladstone a Nationalist & Revolutionary

Privations of political prisoners make Gladstone a "Nationalist" & "Revolutionary"

Rule of Australia

Publishes letters to Lord Aberdeen pressing him for Austrian reform

Chancellor of the Exchequer

Following the appointment of Lord Aberdeen as Prime Minister, head of a coalition of Whigs and Peelites, Gladstone became Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Whig Sir Charles Wood and the Tory Disraeli had both been perceived to have failed in the office and so this provided Gladstone with a great political opportunity

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1855

Budget

123 duties are abolished and 133 duties are reduced, income tax had legally expired but Gladstone proposed to extend it for seven years to fund tariff reductions

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Budget

Increases bonds, raises loans & doubles income tax to 1s 2d to pay for the Crimean war. Gladstones first budget almost completes the work begun by Peel eleven years before in simplifying Britains tariff of duties and customs.

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Budget

Increases the number of people eligible to pay income tax by lowering the threshold from pounds 150 to pounds 100, the more people who paid income tax, Gladstone believes, the more the public will pressure the Government into abolishing it & Gladstone argues that pounds 100 is "the dividing line...between

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Budget

the educated and the labouring part of the community" and therefore the income tax payers and the electorate will be the same people, who will then vote to cut Government expenditure.

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Government Report

The Trevelyn-Northcote report recommends a competitive appointment system

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1853-1855

Income Tax

100 is "the dividing line...between the educated and the labouring part of the community" and therefore the income tax payers and the electorate will be the same people, who will then vote to cut Government expenditure.

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Income Tax

123 duties are abolished and 133 duties are reduced, income tax had legally expired but Gladstone proposed to extend it for seven years to fund tariff reductions

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Income Tax

Increases bonds, raises loans & doubles income tax to 1s 2d to pay for the Crimean war.

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Income Tax

Increases the number of people eligible to pay income tax by lowering the threshold from pounds 150 to pounds 100, the more people who paid income tax, Gladstone believes, the more the public will pressure the Government into abolishing it & Gladstone argues that pounds

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Reform of Civil Service

The Trevelyn-Northcote report recommends a competitive appointment system. Gladstone sets up a civil service commission & public examinations for officials

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1853-1855

Budget

Gladstone has to increase expenditure on the Services and a vote of credit of pounds 1,250,000 is taken to send a 25,000 to the East so the deficit for the year would be pounds 2,840,000 but Gladstone refuses to borrow the money needed to cover

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Budget

Gladstones 3rd budget, by May pounds 6,870,000 is needed to finance the Crimean war so Gladstone raises the income tax from 10 and a half pence to 14d and to raise pounds 3,250,000; spirits, malt, and sugar are taxed to raise the rest of the

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Budget

money needed.

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Budget

the deficit and increases the income tax by one half from sevenpence to tenpence-halfpenny in the pound (from 2.92% to 4.38%)

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Budget

Introduces a wartime budget as Britain enters the Crimean War and government expenditure rises.

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1855

Income Tax

92% to 4. 38%)

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Income Tax

Gladstone has to increase expenditure on the Services and a vote of credit of pounds 1,250,000 is taken to send a 25,000 to the East so the deficit for the year would be pounds 2,840,000 but Gladstone refuses to borrow the money needed to cover

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Income Tax

Gladstones 3rd budget, by May pounds 6,870,000 is needed to finance the Crimean war so Gladstone raises the income tax from 10 and a half pence to 14d and to raise pounds 3,250,000; spirits, malt, and sugar are taxed to raise the rest of the

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Income Tax

money needed.

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Income Tax

the deficit and increases the income tax by one half from sevenpence to tenpence-halfpenny in the pound (from 2.

Role range: 1852-1855 – 1852-1853

Resignation of William Ewart Gladstone

Leaves the Tory Party despite appeals from Derby, opposed to the policies of Disraeli. Leaves the Aberdeen coalition & never returns to the Conservative Party

Role range: 1858-1859

Rule of Ionian Islands

Tries to help the Greeks gain the Ionian Islands

Role range: 1858-1859

Peelites

The Conservative Leader Lord Derby becomes Prime Minister, but Gladstone, like the other Peelites still nominally a Conservative, declines a position in the Government, opting not to sacrifice his free trade principles

Treaty of Cobden

Cobden & Napoleon agree the Treaty

Role range: 1859-1865 – 1859-1865

Treaty of Cobden

Has a budget surplus & wishes to quell anti-French feeling

Role range: 1859-1865 – 1859-1865

Budget

Raises a budget to pay for the war with China raising income tax from 5d to 9d

Income Tax

Raises a budget to pay for the war with China raising income tax from 5d to 9d

Chancellor of the Exchequer

Appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer

Role range: 1859-1865 – 1859-1865

Treaty of Cobden

Has a budget surplus & wishes to quell anti-French feeling. Chevalier visits Gladstone to discuss Anglo-French free trade

Role range: 1859-1865 – 1859-1865