Historical biography archive · Updated 2026-11-03

Gregory VII Biography and Timeline

Follow Gregory VII through 13 dated historical records for Italy.

Gregory VII, historical timeline

A chronological timeline drawn from matching World History Database records.

13Distinct records
1 of 1Page
1073–1085Years on this page

1073

Declaration of Papal Supremacy

Pope · Vatican · Religion / Roman Catholic Church

Excommunicates rulers who have made church appointments without papal authority. Enunciates 27 propositions claiming supreme legislative & judicial power. Claims the right to depose all princes, both temporal & spiritual

Role range: 1073-1085

Pope

Pope · Vatican · Religion / Roman Catholic Church

Appointed Pope, without Emperor Henry IV being notified, conflict is inevitable. Appointed Pope

Role range: 1073-1085

Supremacy

Pope · Vatican · Religion / Roman Catholic Church

Excommunicates rulers who have made church appointments without papal authority. Enunciates 27 propositions claiming supreme legislative & judicial power. Claims the right to depose all princes, both temporal & spiritual

Role range: 1073-1085

Capture of Italy

Pope · Warfare / Empire-Papacy War

Pope Gregory VII is holed up in the Castel SantAngelo after Henry IV captures Rome

Role range: 1073-1085

Capture of Rome

Pope · Rome · Warfare / Empire-Papacy War

Pope Gregory VII is holed up in the Castel SantAngelo after Henry IV captures Rome

Role range: 1073-1085

1075

Abduction

Pope · Warfare / Empire-Papacy War

Abducted in order to be take prisoner to Germany but rescued by the people of Rome

Role range: 1073-1085

Reform of Church Appointments

Pope · Vatican · Religion / Roman Catholic Church

Prohibits lay investiture of new Popes under penalty of excommunication

Role range: 1073-1085

1076

Excommunication

Pope · Vatican · Religion / Roman Catholic Church

Excommunicates Henry IV

Role range: 1073-1085

Council of Worms

Pope · Worms · Religion / Roman Catholic Church

Henry IV announces that Gregory is "not Pope but false monk"

Role range: 1073-1085

1077

Absolution

Pope · Canossa · Warfare / Empire-Papacy War

Henry IV gains absolution from Pope Gregory VII after bowing to his authority

1084

Arrest of Gregory VII

Pope · Salerno · Warfare / Empire-Papacy War

Gregory VII is liberated from the Holy City by Robert Guiscard & taken to Salerno

Role range: 1073-1085

1085

Death of Gregory VII

Pope · Salerno · Religion / Roman Catholic Church

Death of Gregory VII, while an exile & the Pope Clement III occupies St Peters

Role range: 1073-1085

Death of Gregory VII

Pope · Salerno · Warfare / Empire-Papacy War

Death of Gregory VII, while an exile & the Pope Clement III occupies St Peters

Role range: 1073-1085

Records, sources and methodology

These dates and descriptions come from the historical_events database. Exact duplicate records have been collapsed. Names are grouped by the country, Name 2 and Name 1 fields; records with missing Name 2 cannot be reliably assigned to an individual biography. Check the underlying sources before formal citation.