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English Civil War ยท permanent subject timeline

Outbreak of the English Civil War, 1642

The political and military breakdown that turned the dispute between Charles I and Parliament into war. This page combines historical context with 60 matching records drawn directly from the World History Database English Civil War archive.

60 matching archive records 1642โ€“1651 record span Open full 1,090-record archive

Historical context

Outbreak of the English Civil War, 1642: overview and significance

What happened?

During 1642 the confrontation between Charles I and Parliament moved from constitutional crisis to armed conflict. The attempted arrest of the Five Members, disputes over control of the militia and arsenals, mobilisation and the raising of the royal standard made compromise increasingly difficult.

Why was it important?

The events of 1642 created rival military structures and divided counties, towns and families between Royalist and Parliamentarian allegiance. They established the strategic geography of the First Civil War.

World History Database records

Outbreak of the English Civil War, 1642 timeline

The records below are selected from the 1,090-record English Civil War archive and rendered as static HTML in chronological order.

1642
1642 4th January

Attempted Arrest of Five Members

King Charles I ยท London ยท Civil War

Charles enters the Commons but finds the accused members have escaped.

1642 4th January

Attempted Arrest of Five Members

Member of Parliament Denzil Holles ยท Westminster ยท Civil War

Holles is one of the five Commons members sought by Charles I during the failed arrest attempt at Westminster.

1642 4th January

Attempted Arrest of Five Members

King Charles I ยท London ยท Civil War

Charles enters the Commons but finds the accused members have escaped.

1642 4th January

Attempted Arrest of Five Members

Member of Parliament John Pym ยท Westminster ยท Civil War

Pym avoids arrest when Charles I enters the House of Commons seeking five leading opponents of royal policy.

1642 14th January

Mobilization

Earl Royalist Adviser George Digby Bristol, 2nd ยท Kingston-upon-Thames ยท Civil War

Digby attends a Royalist recruiting muster at Kingston-upon-Thames.

1642 23rd April

King Refused Entry to Hull

King Charles I ยท Hull ยท Civil War

Hotham refuses Charles entry to Hull under Parliament's instructions.

1642 23rd April

King Refused Entry to Hull

Governor of Hull John Hotham ยท Hull ยท Civil War

Hotham refuses Charles entry to Hull and denies him access to the town's magazine.

1642 23rd April

King Refused Entry to Hull

Governor of Hull John Hotham ยท Hull ยท Civil War

Hotham refuses Charles I entry to Hull and its military magazine.

1642 23rd April

King Refused Entry to Hull

King Charles I ยท Hull ยท Civil War

Hotham refuses Charles entry to Hull under Parliament's instructions.

1642 10th August

Mobilization

Earl Commander of London Trained Bands Philip Skippon ยท London ยท Civil War

Skippon reviews London regiments at Finsbury Fields during Parliament's mobilisation.

1642 22nd August

Declaration of War

King Charles I ยท Nottingham ยท Civil War

Charles raises the Royal Standard at Nottingham and summons supporters to arms.

1642 22nd August

Declaration of War

King Charles I ยท Nottingham ยท Civil War

Charles raises the Royal Standard at Nottingham and summons supporters to arms.

1642 22nd August

Royal Standard at Nottingham

King Charles I ยท Nottingham ยท Civil War

Charles arrives at Nottingham and begins formally assembling the Royalist army.

1642 22nd August

Royal Standard at Nottingham

King Charles I ยท Nottingham ยท Civil War

Charles arrives at Nottingham and begins formally assembling the Royalist army.

1642 22nd August

Royal Standard Raised

King Charles I ยท Nottingham ยท Civil War

Charles raises his standard and formally summons supporters against Parliament.

1642 22nd August

Royal Standard Raised

King Charles I ยท Nottingham ยท Civil War

Charles raises his standard and formally summons supporters against Parliament.

1642 6th September

Royal Standard Re-Erected

King Charles I ยท Nottingham ยท Civil War

The Royal Standard is raised again after the original standard collapses in bad weather.

1642 6th September

Royal Standard Re-Erected

King Charles I ยท Nottingham ยท Civil War

The Royal Standard is raised again after the original standard collapses in bad weather.

1642 September

Mobilization

King Charles I ยท Shrewsbury ยท Civil War

Charles establishes a recruiting centre at Shrewsbury and draws support from Wales.

1642 September

Mobilization

King Charles I ยท Shrewsbury ยท Civil War

Charles establishes a recruiting centre at Shrewsbury and draws support from Wales.

1642 September

Mobilization

Earl Member of Committee of Safety Henry Rich Holland, 1st ยท Hull ยท Civil War

Parliament directs Holland to help secure Hull against Royalist pressure.

1642 September

Mobilization

Earl Member of Committee of Safety Henry Rich Holland, 1st ยท Tower of London ยท Civil War

Parliament directs Holland to help secure the Tower of London.

1642 12th October

Mobilization

King Charles I ยท Edgecote ยท Civil War

Charles reaches Edgecote while seeking the Parliamentarian army before Edgehill.

1642 12th October

Mobilization

King Charles I ยท Edgecote ยท Civil War

Charles reaches Edgecote while seeking the Parliamentarian army before Edgehill.

1642 23rd October

Battle of Edgehill

Royal Standard Bearer Edmund Verney ยท Edgehill ยท Civil War

Verney carries the Royal Standard and is killed during the fighting at Edgehill.

1642 23rd October

Death Defending Royal Standard

Sir Royal Standard Bearer Edmund Verney ยท Edgehill ยท Civil War

Verney is killed while defending the King's standard during the battle.

1642 23rd October

Royal Standard Seized at Edgehill

Lieutenant-General of Parliamentarian Horse William Balfour ยท Edgehill ยท Civil War

Balfour's Parliamentarian cavalry temporarily captures the Royal Standard during the battle.

1642 13th November

Mobilization

Earl Commander of London Trained Bands Philip Skippon ยท Turnham Green ยท Civil War

Skippon leads thousands of London militiamen to confront the Royalist army.

1642

Mobilization

Earl Captain-General of Parliamentary Army Robert Devereux Essex, 3rd ยท Northampton ยท Civil War

Essex assembles Parliament's main field army at Northampton.

1643
1643 10th August

Mobilization

Oliver Cromwell ยท London ยท Civil War

Parliament issues instructions for the impressment of 22,000 in London & the east

1644
1644 20th April

Mobilization

Baron Commander in Chief Thomas Fairfax Cameron, 3rd ยท Tadcaster ยท Civil War

The Covenanters & Parliament join forces at Tadcaster

1644 8th May

Mobilization

Earl Thomas Goring Norwich, 1st ยท Oxford ยท Civil War

Charles Is Cavalry Leader accompanies his King on his way from Oxford

1644 30th May

Mobilization

Earl Thomas Goring Norwich, 1st ยท Bolton ยท Civil War

Joins forces with Prince Rupert

1644 27th September

Mobilization

Earl Edward Montagu Manchester, 2nd ยท Haresfield ยท Civil War

Fills the gap left by William Waller who is supporting Essex in Cornwall

1644

Mobilization

Earl Edward Montagu Manchester, 2nd ยท Basingstoke ยท Civil War

Joins up with Waller & Essex & forms a force of 18,000 outnumbering the King's by 2:1

1645
1645 30th April

Mobilization

Baron Captain General Thomas Fairfax Cameron, 3rd ยท Windsor ยท Civil War

Marches out from Windsor prior to the Battle of Naseby

1645 7th May

Mobilization

Baron Captain General Thomas Fairfax Cameron, 3rd ยท Blandford ยท Civil War

Reaches Blandford & detaches 6 regiments for the relief of Taunton

1645 11th May

Mobilization

King Charles I ยท Droitwiitch ยท Civil War

Reaches Droitwich & leaves it 14th May

1645 19th May

Mobilization

Lieutenant General Oliver Cromwell ยท Kenilworth ยท Civil War

Advances toward Kenilworth before parliamentary orders redirect forces during the Oxford operations.

1645 19th May

Mobilization

Lieutenant General Oliver Cromwell ยท Nuneham ยท Civil War

Joins Fairfax near Nuneham as Parliamentarian forces press operations around Oxford.

1645 19th May

Mobilization

Baron Captain General Thomas Fairfax Cameron, 3rd ยท Nuneham ยท Civil War

Arrives at Nuneham near Oxford & is joined by Cromwell

1645 22nd May

Mobilization

Lieutenant General Oliver Cromwell ยท Oxford ยท Civil War

Serves with Fairfax near Oxford as Parliamentarian forces try to contain Charles I's army.

1645 31st May

Mobilization

Lieutenant General Oliver Cromwell ยท Cambridge ยท Civil War

Arrives in Cambridge to gather horse and reinforce the Eastern Association before rejoining the main campaign.

1645 7th June

Mobilization

King Charles I ยท Daventry ยท Civil War

Charles reaches Daventry where he learns that Oxford is no longer under siege

1645 7th June

Mobilization

Baron Captain General Thomas Fairfax Cameron, 3rd ยท Newport Pagnell ยท Civil War

Fairfax arrives at Newport Pagnell where is joined by Vermuyden & his 2,500 horse

1645 11th June

Mobilization

Lieutenant General Oliver Cromwell ยท Bedford ยท Civil War

Cromwell moves toward Fairfax before the Naseby campaign as Parliament concentrates forces against Charles I.

1645 12th June

Mobilization

Lieutenant General Oliver Cromwell ยท Civil War

Cromwell joins forces with Fairfax & Parliament has an Army of more than 13,000 men

1645 12th June

Mobilization

Baron Captain General Thomas Fairfax Cameron, 3rd ยท Civil War

Cromwell joins forces with Fairfax & Parliament has an Army of more than 13,000 men

1645 12th June

Mobilization

Baron Captain General Thomas Fairfax Cameron, 3rd ยท Kislinbury ยท Civil War

Fairfax arrives 12 miles from where Charles is at Daventry to the latters surprise

1645 13th June

Mobilization

King Charles I ยท Belvoit ยท Civil War

Charles avoids Battle by marching from Borough Hill to Belvoit Castle

1645 13th June

Mobilization

Colonel Henry Ireton ยท Naseby ยท Civil War

Leads a cavalry at the Battle of Naseby against the Royalists

1647
1647

Mobilization

Oliver Cromwell ยท Triptow Heath ยท Civil War

Flees Parliament & joins an Army with 100 members of the House of Commons

1651
1651 13th August

Mobilization

Colonel Thomas Harrison ยท Warrington ยท Civil War

Lambert & Harrison join south of Preston before the Scots join the Cheshire militia

1651 13th August

Mobilization

Major General John Lambert ยท Warrington ยท Civil War

Lambert & Harrison join south of Preston before the Scots join the Cheshire militia

1651 24th August

Mobilization

Captain General Commander in Chief Oliver Cromwell ยท Warwick ยท Civil War

Joins forces with Lambert and Harrison at Warwick during the pursuit of Charles II.

1651 27th August

Mobilization

Captain General Commander in Chief Oliver Cromwell ยท Evesham ยท Civil War

Arrives near Evesham south-east of Worcester with the army preparing to close on Charles II.

1651 27th August

Mobilization

Charles Fleetwood ยท Evesham ยท Civil War

Joins forces with Cromwell, 15 miles south west of Worcester, a combined force of 28,000

1651 August

Mobilization

Major General John Disbrowe ยท South West England ยท Civil War

Disbrowe brings a Parliamentarian contingent from south-west England to reinforce Cromwell's expanding army for the Worcester campaign.

1651 August

Mobilization

Major General Charles Fleetwood ยท London ยท Civil War

Fleetwood mobilizes Parliamentarian troops and militia around London before marching to join the forces concentrating against Charles II.

1651 4th September

Demobilization after Worcester

Captain General Commander in Chief Oliver Cromwell ยท Worcester ยท Civil War

Cromwell releases newly raised local forces after the victory, reducing the military burden on counties that had answered Parliament's call.

Editorial provenance

Sources and editorial review

Compiled and edited by World History Database.

Historical context is editorial material; the chronology is generated from World History Database English Civil War records.

Last reviewed: September 2026.

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