Second English Civil War, 1648

Following his Treaty with the Scots Parliament renounces allegiance to Charles I

Following his Treaty with the Scots Parliament renounces allegiance to Charles I

Rainsborough receives naval command as Parliament confronts unrest and Royalist sympathy within sections of the fleet.

Lambert commands Parliamentarian forces against renewed Royalist resistance in northern England during the Second Civil War.

Fairfax defeats Royalist insurgents at Maidstone during the Second Civil War and breaks the main Kentish rising.

Lambert recaptures Appleby Castle while containing northern Royalist forces before the Scottish Engager invasion.

Cromwell defeats the Engager army and breaks the main Royalist threat in the Second Civil War.

Cromwell attacks the Scottish Engager army near Preston and begins the three-day campaign that destroys the invasion supporting Charles I.

Lambert cooperates with Cromwell as Parliamentarian forces defeat the Engagers near Preston.

As a cavalry Commander serving under Cromwell defeats the Scottish-Royalists

The Scots are driven off by a charge of pikemen under Colonels Thomas Pride and Richard Dean

A small tributary of the Ribble, causes the poet John Milton later to write of "Darwens stream with blood of Scots imbued"

The Scots are driven off by a charge of pikemen under Colonels Thomas Pride and Richard Dean

Fighting in the fields outside the town of Preston, the English Parliamentarian forces of Oliver Cromwell inflict a major reverse on the Anglo-Scottish Royalist army of the Duke of Hamilton

Lambert leads the pursuit of the defeated Engager army south from Preston as Parliamentarian forces break the invasion apart.

Fighting in the fields outside the town of Preston, the English Parliamentarian forces of Oliver Cromwell inflict a major reverse on the Anglo-Scottish Royalist army of the Duke of Hamilton

Lucas is condemned after Colchester's surrender for returning to arms despite an earlier undertaking not to fight Parliament again.

Lucas is executed after Colchester's surrender as Parliament punishes renewed Royalist resistance.

Fairfax receives the surrender of Colchester after a hard Royalist siege during the Second Civil War.

Lucas surrenders with the Royalist garrison after the long siege of Colchester ends following the defeat at Preston.

Walwyn is associated with the London Leveller leadership as supporters present a major petition to Parliament demanding political and legal reforms grounded in popular liberties

Leveller supporters present a large London petition to Parliament demanding reforms associated with the Agreement of the People

Royalist raiders kill Rainsborough at Doncaster while he is serving with Parliament's northern forces.

Rainsborough is killed at Doncaster after becoming identified with the Leveller cause, and his funeral later becomes a large Leveller demonstration in London

Thomas Rainsborough is killed in Doncaster; he was a Member of Parliament and Leveller sympathiser who had spoken at the Putney Debates, and his funeral later becomes a large Leveller-led demonstration in London

Rainsborough is ordered north to take command around the Royalist stronghold of Pontefract during renewed resistance.

Ireton helps shape the Army Remonstrance demanding justice against Charles I after the renewed fighting of the Second Civil War.

Rainsborough's funeral becomes a mass Leveller demonstration in London, with supporters using sea-green ribbons as political symbols

The Army siezes Charles I

Pride's troops arrest dozens of MPs during the purge that leaves the reduced House later known as the Rump Parliament.

Attempts to form a provisional Government around the Independent Members of Parliament

Divisions emerge culminating in Prides Purge when, under the orders of Oliver Cromwell's son-in-law Henry Ireton, Colonel Pride physically bars about half of the members of Parliament from taking their seats

Divisions emerge culminating in Prides Purge when, under the orders of Oliver Cromwell's son-in-law Henry Ireton, Colonel Pride physically bars about half of the members of Parliament from taking their seats

Opposes Colonel Thomas Prides purge of Parliament

Pride stations soldiers outside the Commons and begins excluding members considered likely to continue negotiations with Charles I.

Divisions emerge culminating in Prides Purge when, under the orders of Oliver Cromwell's son-in-law Henry Ireton, Colonel Pride physically bars about half of the members of Parliament from taking their seats

Divisions emerge culminating in Prides Purge when, under the orders of Oliver Cromwell's son-in-law Henry Ireton, Colonel Pride physically bars about half of the members of Parliament from taking their seats

Attempts to form a provisional Government around the Independent Members of Parliament

Asks Pride to exclude from Parliament those who had voted for the Newport Treaty

The "Rump Parliament" of 60 members votes that Charles be brought to trial

In the wake of the ejections from the Long Parliament, the remnant, the Rump Parliament, arranges for the trial and execution of Charles I

In the wake of the ejections from the Long Parliament, the remnant, the Rump Parliament, arranges for the trial and execution of Charles I

In the wake of the ejections from the Long Parliament, the remnant, the Rump Parliament, arranges for the trial and execution of Charles I

In the wake of the ejections from the Long Parliament, the remnant, the Rump Parliament, arranges for the trial and execution of Charles I

Lambert takes command of the Parliamentarian siege of Pontefract after the northern Royalist rising is largely defeated.

Fairfax leads the successful siege of Colchester, after the surrender of which he approves the execution of the Royalist leaders Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle, holding that these officers had broken their parole

Fairfax leads the successful siege of Colchester, after the surrender of which he approves the execution of the Royalist leaders Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle, holding that these officers had broken their parole

Fairfax leads the successful siege of Colchester, after the surrender of which he approves the execution of the Royalist leaders Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle, holding that these officers had broken their parole

Thomas Rainsborough is killed; he was a Member of Parliament and Leveller sympathiser who had spoken at the Putney Debates. His funeral becomes a large Leveller-led demonstration in London

Fairfax leads the successful siege of Colchester, after the surrender of which he approves the execution of the Royalist leaders Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle, holding that these officers had broken their parole

Fairfax leads the successful siege of Colchester, after the surrender of which he approves the execution of the Royalist leaders Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle, holding that these officers had broken their parole

Fairfax leads the successful siege of Colchester, after the surrender of which he approves the execution of the Royalist leaders Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle, holding that these officers had broken their parole