Princeton Stafford Little Lectures
Delivers four Stafford Little Lectures explaining special and general relativity.
Albert Einstein · Place
Princeton
53 Einstein records associated with Princeton.
The Meaning of Relativity
The Meaning of Relativity is published from the four lectures Einstein delivered at Princeton in May 1921.
The Meaning of Relativity Published
Publishes The Meaning of Relativity from his Princeton lectures, giving a systematic account of special relativity, tensor methods, gravitation and cosmological applications.
Princeton Research Professorship Invitation
Receives an invitation to accept a research professorship at Princeton University.
Institute for Advanced Study Appointment
Accepts appointment to the newly founded Institute for Advanced Study.
Permanent Move to Princeton
Settles in the United States after the Nazi rise to power and joins the Institute for Advanced Study.
On the Method of Theoretical Physics
Publishes reflections on how fundamental theoretical physics develops from principles and mathematical structure.
Bridge Geometry Connects Two Spacetime Sheets
The Einstein-Rosen construction joined two copies of a spacetime solution through a geometric bridge, creating an early mathematical example of what later literature called a wormhole.
Einstein-Rosen Bridge
With Nathan Rosen, studies bridge solutions in general relativity connecting two sheets of spacetime.
Einstein-Rosen Bridge Proposed as Particle Model
Einstein and Nathan Rosen constructed a bridge geometry from solutions of the gravitational field equations while exploring whether particles could be represented without ordinary singularities.
EPR Paper
Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen publish their argument that quantum mechanics may not provide a complete description of physical reality.
Einstein Ring Condition Described
Einstein showed that exact alignment of source, lens and observer produces a circular image geometry, the configuration later widely known as an Einstein ring.
Gravitational Lensing
Publishes a calculation showing how a foreground star can gravitationally lens light from a background star.
Gravitational Wave Debate
Einstein and Nathan Rosen initially question whether exact gravitational waves exist, then recognise that a troublesome singularity is a coordinate effect rather than a physical obstruction.
Gravitational-Wave Manuscript with Rosen
With Nathan Rosen, submits a manuscript questioning gravitational waves, then revises the analysis after recognising that a problematic singularity arose from the coordinates used.
Lens-Like Action of a Star Published
Einstein published a short analysis of the lens-like action of a foreground star, giving a compact treatment of image formation and magnification caused by gravitational light bending.
Mandl Prompts Einstein to Publish Gravitational Lensing
After discussions with Rudi Mandl, Einstein returned to the lensing calculation he had explored in 1912 and agreed to publish the optical effect of gravitational light bending.
Stellar Lens Magnification Relation Published
Einstein quantified the magnification produced by gravitational deflection in a simple stellar-lens geometry, linking image brightness to the angular alignment of source and lens.
Two-Image Stellar Lens Configuration Published
Einstein's lensing note described how imperfect alignment can produce two apparent images of a background star because its light reaches the observer along different curved paths.
Gravitational Lens Paper
Publishes a calculation of the lens-like action of a star's gravitational field, describing how general relativity can produce multiple or magnified images of a background source.
Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann Collaboration
Works with Leopold Infeld and Banesh Hoffmann on deriving equations of motion from general relativity.
On Gravitational Waves Published
Einstein and Rosen publish a corrected paper showing cylindrical gravitational-wave solutions.
Einstein-Rosen Waves
Einstein and Rosen publish a corrected treatment of cylindrical gravitational waves, demonstrating that exact wave solutions can exist within general relativity.
EIH Method Derives Gravitational Motion
With Leopold Infeld and Banesh Hoffmann, Einstein developed an approximation in which the motion of gravitating bodies follows from the relativistic field equations rather than from a separately imposed force law.
Einstein-Infeld-Hoffmann Equations
Publishes work deriving approximate equations of motion for gravitating bodies from general relativity.
Evolution of Physics Published
Publishes The Evolution of Physics with Leopold Infeld for a broad readership.
The Evolution of Physics Relativity Exposition
With Leopold Infeld, publishes The Evolution of Physics, explaining the conceptual transition from classical mechanics and fields to relativity and modern physics.
Spherical Cluster Relativity Analysis
Studies a stationary spherical system of gravitating particles and argues that such configurations do not naturally form the Schwarzschild-type singular surface then under discussion.
Second Roosevelt Letter
Writes again to President Roosevelt urging stronger attention to uranium research developments.
Third Roosevelt Letter
Sends another letter to Roosevelt concerning the need for effective action on uranium research.
Einstein-Pauli Non-Singular Field Result
With Wolfgang Pauli, proves a restrictive result on non-singular stationary solutions of the relativistic gravitational field equations with nonzero total mass.
Generalization of Relativistic Gravitation
Publishes a generalization of the relativistic theory of gravitation, continuing his attempt to construct a unified classical field theory extending general relativity.
Postwar Atomic Weapons Advocacy
After the atomic bombings, speaks publicly about the political and ethical dangers of nuclear weapons.
Final Roosevelt Letter Prepared
Signs a letter drafted by Leo Szilard seeking a presidential meeting on nuclear policy; Roosevelt dies before receiving it.
Elementary Mass-Energy Derivation
Publishes an elementary derivation of the equivalence of mass and energy, revisiting one of the central physical consequences that emerged from special relativity.
Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists
Helps form and chairs the Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists to promote public education and international control.
General Field Theory Draft
Presents a new draft of field equations for his continuing general field theory program.
Atomic Scientists Public Education Campaign
Supports public education campaigns on atomic energy, disarmament and international control.
Generalized Theory of Gravitation
Publishes a generalized theory of gravitation in Reviews of Modern Physics, presenting another stage of his sustained search for a unified geometric field theory.
Autobiographical Notes
Publishes Autobiographical Notes, reflecting on the development of his scientific ideas and philosophy.
Autobiographical Relativity Reconstruction
In his Autobiographical Notes, reconstructs the intellectual path from special relativity through the equivalence principle to general relativity and later unified-field research.
Response to Godel Rotating Universe
Comments on Kurt Godel's rotating cosmological solution, acknowledging that general relativity permits global spacetime structures with profound consequences for the concept of time.
Later Unified Field Review
Presents and revises his mature attempts to construct a unified classical field theory.
Out of My Later Years
Publishes a collection of essays on science, society, philosophy and public affairs.
Revised English Relativity Edition
A revised English edition of his relativity exposition appears, updating the presentation of special and general relativity for a postwar scientific readership.
Scientific American Generalized Gravitation Article
Explains his latest generalized theory of gravitation in Scientific American, placing the work within his long search for a unified foundation of field physics.
Unified Field Equations Refinement
Refines asymmetric-field approaches intended to combine gravitation and electromagnetism.
Presidency of Israel Declined
Declines the offer to become president of Israel, citing lack of aptitude and experience for official duties.
Unified Field Theory Criticism Response
Publishes a response to criticism of unified field theory, defending the mathematical programme through which he hoped to extend relativistic field physics.
Asymmetric Relativistic Field Algebra
With Bruria Kaufman, studies algebraic properties of the asymmetric field in a relativistic unified theory, refining the mathematical structure of his late programme.
Einstein-Kaufman General Relativistic Equations
With Bruria Kaufman, develops a new form of general relativistic field equations, one of the final technical products of Einstein's lifelong geometric programme.
Russell-Einstein Manifesto Signed
Signs Bertrand Russell's appeal warning of nuclear war and urging peaceful resolution of international disputes.
Death of Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein dies in Princeton, New Jersey, aged 76.