Anti-Relativity Campaign
Publicly confronts organized attacks on relativity amid growing political and antisemitic hostility.
Albert Einstein · Year
1920
Albert Einstein records dated 1920, drawn directly from the World History Database source collection.
Spacetime Ether Reinterpreted in Leiden
In his Leiden address Einstein argued that general relativity gives spacetime physical properties while rejecting the mechanical luminiferous ether required by nineteenth-century theories of light.
Ether and Relativity Leiden Address
Delivers his Leiden inaugural lecture on ether and relativity, arguing that general relativity permits a physical spacetime structure without a mechanical luminiferous ether.
Ether and Relativity Lecture
Delivers the lecture Ether and the Theory of Relativity, redefining the concept in gravitational terms.
Bad Nauheim Relativity Debate
Publicly debates critics including Philipp Lenard at the German scientists' meeting in Bad Nauheim, defending the physical basis and interpretation of relativity.
Leiden Special Professorship
Begins official duties as special professor at Leiden University.