Fleet in Firth of Forth
Lands at Forth & sails for the communication line between Leith & the French
Permanent historical records · Updated 2026-11-03
1560 in England
Explore 81 historical events and records for England in 1560.
Historical records for England in 1560
Sorted by month and day. Records with no month are shown last. Showing 40 of 81 unique records.
81Unique records
1 of 3Page
32Named events on this page
8Named people on this page
9Places on this page
January
Alliance Thomas Howard and Scottish Lords
Forces the French to leave the Forth
Fleet in Firth of Forth
Clinton supports operations against French supply lines near Leith
February
Alliance Elizabeth I and Scotland
Allows Elizabeth to protect Scotland
Alliance Thomas Howard Norfolk, 3rd and Scottish Lords
Concludes an alliance with the Scottish Lords
Berwick Policy
Norfolk's Treaty of Berwick leads to English intervention before Edinburgh settlement
Coup
The English try to help Scottish Protestant Lords overthrow the Catholic Mary of Guise
English Intervention in Scotland
The Scots provide a force for an invasion of Scotland by France
Marriage
Elizabeth takes over the protection of Scotland during Marys marriage with the Dauphin
Treaty of Berwick
Cecil helps shape English policy supporting the Scottish Protestant lords
Treaty of Berwick
Elizabeth authorizes support for the Scottish Lords of the Congregation
Treaty of Berwick
The English try to help Scottish Protestant Lords overthrow the Catholic Mary of Guise. England agrees to send Scotland support to preserve "their old freedom & liberty". Concludes an anti French Treaty with the Scottish Lords of the Congregation
Treaty of Berwick
Norfolk negotiates terms with the Scottish Lords of the Congregation
Bishop of Winchester
Horne is appointed Bishop of Winchester under the Elizabethan settlement
March
English Army at Prestonpans
Lord Grey is ordered to send the Army to join the Scots against the French
English Army Enters Scotland
Grey leads English forces into Scotland against French troops at Leith
English Intervention
Elizabeth commits forces to aid Scottish Protestants against French influence
Northern Command
Norfolk coordinates English military support from the northern border
April
Siege of Leith Begins
English and Scottish Protestant forces begin formal operations against Leith
May
Assault on Leith
English assault on Leith fails with heavy casualties
Leith Assault Fails
Elizabeth's forces suffer a costly failure during the assault on Leith
July
Alliance with Scottish Lords
The settlement confirms England's new understanding with Protestant Scottish lords
Calais Reservation
Cecil protects Elizabeth's claim over Calais while accepting Scottish peace terms
Cateau Cambresis Confirmed
The treaty preserves peace between England and France after Cateau Cambresis
Council of Twelve Clause
Cecil supports arrangements for Scottish government by a council of nobles
Edinburgh English Crown Recognition
Obtains treaty provisions intended to prevent Francis II and Mary, Queen of Scots, from maintaining claims represented by the English royal arms.
Edinburgh Foreign Troop Withdrawal
Secures an agreement requiring French and English forces to withdraw from Scotland after the collapse of French control there.
Edinburgh Scottish Settlement
Helps negotiate a settlement reducing French military influence in Scotland and strengthening the position of the Protestant Scottish lords.
English Commissioner
Wotton serves as an English commissioner for the Treaty of Edinburgh
Intervention Ends
Elizabeth ends the Scottish intervention once French troops agree to depart
Leith Operations End
English military operations end under the Edinburgh settlement
Mary Stuart Arms Clause
Treaty terms require Francis and Mary to stop using English royal arms
Treaty Drafting
Cecil helps shape the treaty terms for withdrawal of foreign forces
Treaty of Edinburgh
Cecil secures terms requiring French troops to leave Scotland
Treaty of Edinburgh
Elizabeth's commissioners agree terms ending English and French intervention in Scotland
Treaty of Edinburgh
Treaty of Edinburgh ends English and French intervention in Scotland
Treaty of Edinburgh
Under the Treaty of Edinburgh Francis & Mary recognize Elizabeth I. France & England will not interfere & hand over Government to a Scottish Council of 12. English & French troops will withdraw from Scotland. Confirms the Treaty of Cateau Cambresis
English Intervention in Scotland
The English army withdraws from Scotland
English Withdrawal
English troops withdraw after the Treaty of Edinburgh
English Withdrawal from Leith
Grey withdraws English troops after the peace settlement
How these records were prepared
Generated from the World History Database historical_events table. Identical display records are collapsed; descriptions otherwise retain the stored text. Coverage and source quality vary. Check primary and specialist sources before citing individual historical claims.