Permanent year factsheet

France in 1944

Historical records for France in 1944, rendered directly from the World History Database and ordered by month, day and event.

73Records
56Events
23Named people
11Places
8Categories

Historical records

February

February 1944French Forces of the InteriorCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Founds the French Forces of the Interior to control the activities of the Resistance

June

3 June 1944Committee of AlgiersCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Algiers · Government / Government of France

The Algiers Committee declares itself the Provisional Government of France

3 June 1944Constitution of FranceCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / Government of France

The Algiers Committee declares itself the Provisional Government of France

3 June 1944GovernmentCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / Government of France

The Algiers Committee declares itself the Provisional Government of France

3 June 1944Provisional GovernmentCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / Government of France

The Algiers Committee declares itself the Provisional Government of France

6 June 1944Resistance ActivityAntoine Mercader

Bayeux · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Antoine Mercader supported local Resistance intelligence and liaison work around Bayeux.

6 June 1944Resistance IntelligenceGuillaume Mercader

Bayeux · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Mercader's local Resistance organization helped inform Allied troops that German forces had left Bayeux.

7 June 1944Bayeux ResistanceGuillaume Mercader

Bayeux · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Mercader accompanied Free French representatives and assisted restoration of public authority in Bayeux.

7 June 1944Liberation of BayeuxYves Guillou

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

Guillou resumed municipal responsibilities as British troops secured the town.

14 June 1944Arrival of Charles de GaulleCharles de Gaulle

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

De Gaulle entered Bayeux during his first return to French soil since 1940.

14 June 1944Bayeux SpeechCharles de Gaulle

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

De Gaulle called for continued resistance and asserted French sovereignty over liberated territory.

14 June 1944Commissioner of RepublicFrancois Coulet

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

De Gaulle appointed Coulet commissioner responsible for restoring republican administration in liberated Normandy.

14 June 1944Departure from BayeuxCharles de Gaulle

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

De Gaulle left Bayeux for Isigny after establishing visible French political authority.

14 June 1944Preparations for De Gaulle VisitGeorges Thierry d'Argenlieu

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

D'Argenlieu went ahead to Bayeux to prepare residents for de Gaulle's arrival.

14 June 1944Preparations for De Gaulle VisitClaude Hettier de Boislambert

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

Hettier de Boislambert helped organize de Gaulle's reception and contact with local authorities.

14 June 1944Procession through BayeuxCharles de Gaulle

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

De Gaulle walked through Bayeux as growing crowds joined his procession toward the town centre.

14 June 1944Recognition of Provisional GovernmentCharles de Gaulle

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

The enthusiastic Bayeux reception strengthened de Gaulle's claim to represent liberated France.

14 June 1944Sub-Prefect of BayeuxRaymond Triboulet

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

Triboulet became the first sub-prefect serving the restored authority of Free France.

14 June 1944Visit of Charles de GaulleMarie-Pierre Koenig

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

Koenig joined the delegation that established Free French authority in Bayeux.

14 June 1944Visit of Charles de GaulleAntoine Mercader

Bayeux · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Antoine Mercader appeared with his injured arm during de Gaulle's visit to Bayeux.

14 June 1944Visit of Charles de GaulleGaston Palewski

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

Palewski accompanied de Gaulle during the political mission to Bayeux.

14 June 1944Visit to Sub-PrefectureCharles de Gaulle

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

De Gaulle visited the sub-prefecture before addressing the people of Bayeux.

June 1944Administrative CapitalFrancois Coulet

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

Coulet established his administration in Bayeux while Paris remained under German occupation.

June 1944Hospital TownYves Guillou

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

Guillou's administration helped organize Bayeux as a hospital and refugee centre during the Normandy fighting.

June 1944Restoration of Republican AuthorityRaymond Triboulet

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

Triboulet helped replace Vichy structures with the legal authority of the provisional French government.

July

9 July 1944Liberation of CaenYves Guillou

Caen · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Guillou remained associated with the municipal administration as Allied troops entered the devastated northern city.

31 July 1944Arrest of Pierre LavalPierre Laval

Innsbruck · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Expelled by the Spanish. flees to Austria & arrested by US troops for treason

31 July 1944Exile of Pierre LavalPierre Laval

Innsbruck · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Expelled by the Spanish. flees to Austria & arrested by US troops for treason

31 July 1944TreasonPierre Laval

Innsbruck · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Expelled by the Spanish. flees to Austria & arrested by US troops for treason

July 1944Civilian RefugeesYves Guillou

Bayeux · Government / Government of France

Guillou coordinated assistance for refugees arriving from towns damaged during the Normandy battles.

August

22 August 1944Capture of ParisJacques Philippe Leclerc

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Ordered to advance on Paris at the head of the 2nd French Armoured Division

23 August 1944Capture of ParisPierre Billotte

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Ordered to enter Paris via the Port dItalie & head for the Ile de Cite

23 August 1944Capture of ParisPaul de Langlade

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Crosses the Seine at the Pont de Sevres to enter Paris through the Porte de St Cloud. Captures Paris & arrives at the Arc de Triomphe

23 August 1944Capture of ParisJacques Philippe Leclerc

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Begins his attack on Paris. A plane drops a message from Leclerc over saying "Tenez bon, nous arrivons"

24 August 1944Capture of VersaillesJacques Philippe Leclerc

Versailles · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Captures Versailles en-route to Paris

25 August 1944Capture of ParisCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Enters Paris after its surrender by the Germans

25 August 1944Capture of ParisHenri Karcher

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Delivers Leclercs ultimatum to the German Commander Cholitz who agrees to surrender

25 August 1944Capture of ParisJacques Philippe Leclerc

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Secures a surrender from the German Commander Cholitz. Enters Paris after breaking down German resistance

25 August 1944Result of Surrender of German Garrison of ParisJacques Philippe Leclerc

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

German control of Paris ends and the French capital returns to Allied and French authority.

25 August 1944Surrender of German Garrison of ParisJacques Philippe Leclerc

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Recieves the formal surrender of Paris

26 August 1944Head of GovernmentCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Government / Government of France

Appointed of the Provisional Government

26 August 1944Liberation of ParisCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Walks in triumph down the Champs Elysees

26 August 1944Provisional GovernmentCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Government / Government of France

Appointed of the Provisional Government

28 August 1944Constitution of FranceCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / Government of France

Announces the Government will run centrally. Announces resistance organisations & Liberation Committee's will have advisery roles

28 August 1944DissolutionCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Government / Government of France

The French Resistance is dissolved

August 1944CollaborationPierre Laval

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Laval leaves Paris with the Germans, he joins the other Vichy exiles in Belfort and later in Sigmaringen, Germany

August 1944Exile of Pierre LavalPierre Laval

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Laval leaves Paris with the Germans, he joins the other Vichy exiles in Belfort and later in Sigmaringen, Germany

August 1944Vichy GovernmentPierre Laval

Warfare / World War, 2nd

Laval leaves Paris with the Germans, he joins the other Vichy exiles in Belfort and later in Sigmaringen, Germany

September

11 September 1944MetroCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Government / Government of France

Services on the Parisian metro are resumed

October

26 October 1944International Conference at ParisCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Government / National Government

At a press conference criticizes the Allies for failing to supply France with arms

October 1944Disagrees with Churchill about de Gaulles policy for avoiding creating a westernCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Government / National Government

Disagrees with Churchill about de Gaulles policy for avoiding creating a western bloc

October 1944Rule of Rhineland, TheCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Rhineland, The · Government / National Government

Despite appeals from Churchill the Rhine becomes a French sphre of interest

November

13 November 1944President of FranceCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / Republic, 4th

Appointed President of the 4th Republic of France

December

December 1944Franco-Soviet PactCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Government / National Government

France & Russia agree to a Franco-Soviet Pact

December 1944MobilizationCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Moscow · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Visits Moscow to raise arms for the French Army

December 1944Pact between France and Soviet UnionCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Paris · Government / National Government

France & Russia agree to a Franco-Soviet Pact

December 1944Political Support at River RhineCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

River Rhine · Government / National Government

Supports Russias border at the Oder-Niesse for the left bank of the Rhine

December 1944Visit to MoscowCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Moscow · Government / National Government

Visits Moscow to raise arms for the French Army

Other Events

1944CapitalPierre Laval

Belfort · Warfare / World War, 2nd

The French resistance force Laval to move his Government to Belfort & into Germany

1944Constitution of FranceCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / Government of France

President of the Provisional Government prior to the establishment of the 4th Republic

1944Constitution of FranceCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / National Government

The Government of National Unanimity is formed

1944Foreign Secretary of FranceGeorges Bidault

Government / Government of France

Only member of the CNR in the French Government appointed by de Gaulle. Appointed Foreign Minister

1944Government of National UnanimityCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / National Government

The Government of National Unanimity is formed

1944ManifestoGeorges Bidault

Politics / CNR

A socialist & New Deal programme is published by the National Resistance Council

1944Minister of EconomicsPierre Mendes

Government / National Government

Appointed Minister of Economic Affairs

1944Minister of FinanceRene Pleven

Government / National Government

Appointed Minister of Finance

1944Mouvement Republican Populaire (MRP)Jean-Baptiste Nicolas Robert Schuman

Politics / MPR

Helps found the Mouvement Republican Populaire

1944Provisional GovernmentCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / Government of France

President of the Provisional Government prior to the establishment of the 4th Republic

1944Provisional GovernmentCharles Andre Marie Joseph de Gaulle

Government / National Government

A fortnight after the liberation the Provisional Government in Algiers moves to Paris

1944Pyrrhus and CineasSimone de Beauvoir

Paris · Humanities / Philosophy

Beauvoir publishes Pyrrhus and Cineas, examining freedom, action and ethical relations.

1944Secretary of State for HealthFrancois Billaux

Government / National Government

Appointed Minister of Health

1944Vice PresidentHenri-Honore Giraud

London · Warfare / Military

Appointed Vice President of the Supreme Council of War

1944Vice PresidentHenri-Honore Giraud

London · Warfare / World War, 2nd

Appointed Vice President of the Supreme Council of War

Names involved

Antoine MercaderCharles Andre Marie Joseph de GaulleCharles de GaulleClaude Hettier de BoislambertFrancois BillauxFrancois CouletGaston PalewskiGeorges BidaultGeorges Thierry d'ArgenlieuGuillaume MercaderHenri KarcherHenri-Honore GiraudJacques Philippe LeclercJean-Baptiste Nicolas Robert SchumanMarie-Pierre KoenigPaul de LangladePierre BillottePierre LavalPierre MendesRaymond TribouletRene PlevenSimone de BeauvoirYves Guillou

Places involved

AlgiersBayeuxBelfortCaenInnsbruckLondonMoscowParisRhineland, TheRiver RhineVersailles

Provenance

This page is generated from stored World History Database records matching the exact country and year shown above. Exact duplicate display records are collapsed. Records without a month are listed after the monthly sections. Source provenance varies by record; formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.