Permanent year factsheet

Germany in 1916

Historical records for Germany in 1916, rendered directly from the World History Database and ordered by month, day and event.

98Records
62Events
32Named people
19Places
11Categories

Historical records

January

14 January 1916Promotion to OberleutnantAlfred Jodl

Western Front · Warfare / Military

Jodl is promoted to Oberleutnant while serving in the First World War.

January 1916Schwarzschild SolutionKarl Schwarzschild

Potsdam · Science / Physics

Finds the exact spherical solution to Einstein's field equations, foundational for black hole theory.

February

21 February 1916Battle of VerdunEric von Falkenhayn

Verdun · Warfare / World War, 1st

Flamethrowers are used for the 1st time at the Battle of Verdun. Decides "to bleed France white" by concentrating on a historically sensitive area. 1st day to "bleed the French white", 1200 German artillery guns open fire

21 February 1916Invention of FlamethrowersEric von Falkenhayn

Verdun · Warfare / World War, 1st

Flamethrowers are used for the 1st time at the Battle of Verdun

25 February 1916Battle of VerdunEric von Falkenhayn

Verdun · Warfare / World War, 1st

Begins successfully when the Germans take Fort Douamont, Verduns strongest position

March

24 March 1916Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)Hugo Haase

Politics / Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)

Several SPD members in the Reichstag vote against the authorization of further credits to finance World War I, pacifists led by Hugo Haase are expelled from the SPD

March 1916BudgetHugo Haase

Politics / Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)

Haase and 18 other SPD delegates vote against the Government's emergency budget

March 1916Commander of Danube ArmyAugust von Mackensen

Warfare / Military

Appointed Commander of the Army of the Danube

March 1916Commander of Danube ArmyAugust von Mackensen

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Commander of the Army of the Danube

March 1916Resignation of Hugo HaaseHugo Haase

Politics / Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)

Forced to resign as party chairman of the SPD

March 1916Sozialdemokratische ArbeitsgemeinschaftHugo Haase

Politics / Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD)

Founded and led the Sozialdemokratische Arbeitsgemeinschaft

May

11 May 1916Death of Karl SchwarzschildKarl Schwarzschild

Science / Astronomy

Death of Karl Schwarzschild

31 May 1916Battle of JutlandFranz von Hipper

Jutland · Warfare / World War, 1st

Leads 5 cruisers along the Jutland Peninsula to break the British North Sea blockade. Hipper & Beattys destroyers see each other & the Germans entice the British fleet. Germans have 16 Dreadnoughts, 6 pre-Dreadnoughts, 11 light cruisers & 72 destroyers

31 May 1916Battle of JutlandReinhard Scheer

Jutland · Warfare / World War, 1st

Intends to entice British battle-cruisers offf the Norwegian coast & destroy them. Follows von Hipper with the German Fleet of 99 ships along the Jutland Peninsula

June

1 June 1916Battle of JutlandReinhard Scheer

Jutland · Warfare / World War, 1st

The Germans claim a victory because they have sunk more ships than they have lost. The German Fleet retrurns to port & does not break out again during the war. Scheer is outgunned by Jellicoes fleet & turns away under cover of smokescreens. Both sides lose 6 ships but the British lose greater tonnage

4 June 1916Brusilov OffensiveEric von Falkenhayn

Warfare / World War, 1st

Transfers 15 Divisions from the Western to the Eastern front after the Brusilov Offensive

4 June 1916Eastern FrontEric von Falkenhayn

Warfare / World War, 1st

Transfers 15 Divisions from the Western to the Eastern front after the Brusilov Offensive

24 June 1916Battle of VerdunEric von Falkenhayn

Verdun · Warfare / World War, 1st

Cancels supplies to the battle when the French are saved from by Allied bombardment

June 1916Gravitational WavesAlbert Einstein

Berlin · Science / Astronomy

Predicts gravitational waves as propagating disturbances in spacetime within general relativity.

July

1 July 1916Battle of the Somme, 1stFritz von Below

Somme · Warfare / World War, 1st

Commands German Second Army at the opening of the Allied Somme attack.

19 July 1916Battle of the Somme, 1stMax von Gallwitz

Somme · Warfare / World War, 1st

Takes command of German Second Army after German forces on the Somme are reorganised.

19 July 1916Battle of the Somme, 1stMax von Gallwitz

Somme · Warfare / World War, 1st

Takes command of the reorganised German Second Army south of the Somme.

August

26 August 1916Chief of StaffPaul Ludwig Hans von Hindenburg

Warfare / Military

Appointed Chief of Staff

26 August 1916Chief of StaffPaul Ludwig Hans von Hindenburg

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Chief of Staff

August 1916DismissalErich von Ludendorf

Warfare / Military

Paul von Hindenburg replaces Erich von Falkenhayn as Chief of Staff of the German Army

August 1916DismissalErich von Ludendorf

Warfare / World War, 1st

Paul von Hindenburg replaces Erich von Falkenhayn as Chief of Staff of the German Army

September

6 September 1916Capture of SilistraAugust von Mackensen

Silistra · Warfare / World War, 1st

Captures Silistra

6 September 1916Capture of TurtukaiAugust von Mackensen

Turtukai · Warfare / World War, 1st

Captures Turtukai

15 September 1916Battle of Flers-CourceletteFritz von Below

Somme · Warfare / World War, 1st

Commands German First Army forces resisting the British and Dominion attacks on the Somme front.

20 September 1916Brusilov OffensiveEric von Falkenhayn

Warfare / World War, 1st

The Russians had taken 450,000 prisoners but lost 1,000,000. The offensive is called off

27 September 1916Battle of HermannstadtEric von Falkenhayn

Hermannstadt · Warfare / World War, 1st

The German Ninth Army pushes back the Romanian forces during the Romanian Campaign

27 September 1916Ninth ArmyEric von Falkenhayn

Hermannstadt · Warfare / World War, 1st

The German Ninth Army pushes back the Romanian forces during the Romanian Campaign

October

7 October 1916Battle of the Somme, 1stAdolf Hitler

Bapaume · Warfare / World War, 1st

Wounded in the thigh by a shell splinter near Bapaume and evacuated to hospital in Germany.

7 October 1916Health of Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler

Somme · Science / Medicine

Injured by a grenade splinter & returns to Germany for the 1st time in 2 yrs

23 October 1916Capture of ConstantaAugust von Mackensen

Constanta · Warfare / World War, 1st

Captures the key Black Sea port of Constanta from Romania

October 1916Health of Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler

Beelitz · Science / Medicine

Convalesces in Beelitz

November

5 November 1916Constitution of GermanyHans von Beseler

Government / Government of Germany

Proclaims the Polish Congress of State for military & economic resources for Germany

5 November 1916Rule of PolandHans von Beseler

Government / Government of Germany

Proclaims the Polish Congress of State for military & economic resources for Germany

30 November 1916Battle of ArgesulEric von Falkenhayn

River Argesul · Warfare / World War, 1st

German & Austrian victory which leads to the capture of Bucharest. Attacks the Romanians at the River Argesul who launch an operation to defend Bucharest

30 November 1916Battle of ArgesulAugust von Mackensen

River Argesul · Warfare / World War, 1st

German & Austrian victory which leads to the capture of Bucharest. Attacks the Romanians at the River Argesul who launch an operation to defend Bucharest

December

6 December 1916Capture of BucharestEric von Falkenhayn

Bucharest · Warfare / World War, 1st

The Germans capture Bucharest after the Battle of Argesul

6 December 1916Capture of BucharestAugust von Mackensen

Bucharest · Warfare / World War, 1st

The Germans capture Bucharest after the Battle of Argesul

12 December 1916PeaceBethmann Hollweg von Theobald

Warfare / World War, 1st

Issues a Peace Note for negotiations, hopes to control Belgium & North East France

December 1916Battle of VerdunEric von Falkenhayn

Verdun · Warfare / World War, 1st

Each loses about 350,000. After 10 months the Germans are forced back to their original positions

December 1916Commander of Second ArmyGeorg von der Marwitz

Warfare / Military

Appointed Commander of the Second Army

December 1916Commander of Second ArmyGeorg von der Marwitz

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Commander of the Second Army

December 1916Relativity: The Special and General TheoryAlbert Einstein

Berlin · Science / Physics

Publishes his popular introduction to special and general relativity.

December 1916Second ArmyGeorg von der Marwitz

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Commander of the Second Army

December 1916Transfer toward Eastern FrontAlfred Jodl

Eastern Front · Warfare / Military

Jodl leaves the Western Front for service connected with an Austro-Hungarian artillery formation.

Other Events

1916Battle of NeuvilleRudolph Hess

Neuville · Warfare / World War, 1st

Participates in the Battle of Neuville St Vaast

1916Battle of VerdunHeinz Guderain

Verdun · Warfare / World War, 1st

Learns how to use tanks in battle, leading exponent in World War II

1916Battle of VerdunRudolph Hess

Verdun · Warfare / World War, 1st

Participates in the Battle of Verdun

1916CabinetConstantin Freiher von Neurath

Wurttemberg · Government / Government of Germany

Appointed Cabinet Chief

1916Capture of DobrudjaAugust von Mackensen

Dobrudja · Warfare / World War, 1st

Captures Dobrudja from Romania

1916Capture of GermanyKarl Eduard Wilhelm Groener

Warfare / World War, 1st

Serves under Von Mackensen

1916Chief of StaffMaximilian Hoffman

Warfare / Military

Appointed Chief of Staff on the Eastern Front

1916Chief of StaffMaximilian Hoffman

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Chief of Staff of the Eastern Front

1916Chief of StaffHans von Seeckt

Warfare / Military

Appointed Chief of the General Staff, serves the Austrian Archduke Charles

1916Chief of StaffHans von Seeckt

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Chief of the General Staff, serves the Austrian Archduke Charles

1916Commander of German FleetReinhard Scheer

Warfare / Military

Appointed Commander of the German Fleet

1916Commander of German FleetReinhard Scheer

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Commander of the German Fleet

1916Commander of Ninth ArmyEric von Falkenhayn

Warfare / Military

Appointed Commander of the Ninth Army for the Romanian Campaign

1916Commander of Ninth ArmyEric von Falkenhayn

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Commander of the Ninth Army for the Romanian Campaign

1916Commander of RupprechtRupprecht

Warfare / Military

Appointed Commander of the "Army Group Rupprecht", a group of northern German armies

1916Commander of RupprechtRupprecht

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Commander of the "Army Group Rupprecht", a group of northern German armies

1916Constitution of GermanyErich von Ludendorf

Government / Government of Germany

Ludendorff and Hindenburg become the leaders of the military-industrial dictatorship 3rd Supreme Command

1916Das SternenkindTheodor Daubler

Arts / Literature

Publication of "Das Sternenkind"

1916Declaration of WarFriedrich Ebert

Berlin · Warfare / World War, 1st

The Party is split by Eberts opposition to the minority anti-war caucus of the SDP. Supports defending German territory, including Alsace & Lorraine, non-annexationist

1916DismissalEric von Falkenhayn

Verdun · Warfare / World War, 1st

Dimissed by the Kaiser after the failure of Verdun

1916Economy of GermanyKarl Eduard Wilhelm Groener

Warfare / World War, 1st

Takes over control of the war economy from Ludendorf when the Kriegsamt is established

1916Field MarshalRupprecht

Warfare / Military

Appointed Field Marshal

1916Field MarshalRupprecht

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Field Marshal

1916Foundation of General RelativityAlbert Einstein

Berlin · Science / Physics

Publishes a systematic presentation of the general theory of relativity and its field equations.

1916GeneralOtto Victor Karl Liman von Sanders

Warfare / Military

Appointed Commander of the Turkish forces in the Middle East

1916GeneralOtto Victor Karl Liman von Sanders

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Commander of the Turkish forces in the Middle East

1916German Physical Society PresidencyAlbert Einstein

Berlin · Science / Physics

Serves as president of the German Physical Society during the consolidation of general relativity.

1916Hindenburg LinePaul Ludwig Hans von Hindenburg

Warfare / World War, 1st

The completion of a fortified German Defence line across North Eastern France. Named after the Field Marshal

1916Hindenburg ProgramPaul Ludwig Hans von Hindenburg

Warfare / World War, 1st

The Hindenburg Program is the name given to a series of initiatives that attempted to reorganize Germany's war effort around the concept of total war. The High Command issues a program to direct the war economy. Makes war work compulsory for every male aged 17-60. Issues instructions for annexation, mobilization & the auxiliary service law

1916HomunculusOtto Rippert

Berlin · Arts / Cinema

Directs Homunculus, a six-part science fiction serial.

1916Independent Social Democratic PartyEduard Bernstein

Politics / Independent Social Democratic Party

Founds the Independent Social Democratic Party

1916KriegsamtKarl Eduard Wilhelm Groener

Warfare / World War, 1st

Takes over control of the war economy from Ludendorf when the Kriegsamt is established

1916MajorWerner von Blomberg

Warfare / Military

Appointed Major

1916MajorKarl Eduard Wilhelm Groener

Warfare / Military

Takes over control of the war economy from Ludendorf when the Kriegsamt is established

1916Minister of InteriorKarl Helfferich

Government / Government of Germany

Appointed Minister of the Interior

1916Ninth ArmyEric von Falkenhayn

Warfare / Military

Appointed Commander of the Ninth Army for the Romanian Campaign

1916Ninth ArmyEric von Falkenhayn

Warfare / World War, 1st

Appointed Commander of the Ninth Army for the Romanian Campaign

1916PeaceErich von Ludendorf

Warfare / World War, 1st

Ludendorff supports unrestricted submarine warfare and successfully puts pressure on Kaiser Wilhelm II to dismiss those in the armed forces that favour a negotiated peace settlement

1916Quantum Theory of RadiationAlbert Einstein

Berlin · Science / Physics

Develops a quantum theory of radiation introducing transition probabilities later represented by Einstein coefficients.

1916Quartermaster GeneralErich von Ludendorf

Warfare / Military

Hindenburg appoints Ludendorff as his Quartermaster General

1916Quartermaster GeneralErich von Ludendorf

Warfare / World War, 1st

Hindenburg appoints Ludendorff as his Quartermaster General

1916ReichstagFriedrich Ebert

Berlin · Politics / SDP

Appointed Party Leader in the Reichstag

1916Schwarzschild MetricKarl Schwarzschild

Science / Astronomy

Papers on relativity produced the first exact solutions to the Einstein field equations, and a minor modification of these results gives the well-known solution that now bears his name: the Schwarzschild metric

1916Schwarzschild RadiusKarl Schwarzschild

Science / Astronomy

The Schwarzschild solution, which makes use of Schwarzschild coordinates and the Schwarzschild metric, leads to the well-known Schwarzschild radius, which is the size of the event horizon of a non-rotating black hole

1916Submarine WarfareErich von Ludendorf

Warfare / World War, 1st

Ludendorff supports unrestricted submarine warfare and successfully puts pressure on Kaiser Wilhelm II to dismiss those in the armed forces that favour a negotiated peace settlement

1916Third Supreme CommandErich von Ludendorf

Government / Government of Germany

Ludendorff and Hindenburg become the leaders of the military-industrial dictatorship 3rd Supreme Command

1916Third Supreme CommandErich von Ludendorf

Warfare / World War, 1st

Ludendorff and Hindenburg become the leaders of the military-industrial dictatorship 3rd Supreme Command

1916Ypres SalientSixt von Armin

Ypres · Warfare / World War, 1st

Armin commands German forces opposite Ypres.

1916Ypres SalientErich von Falkenhayn

Ypres · Warfare / World War, 1st

German forces continue holding high ground near Ypres.

Names involved

Adolf HitlerAlbert EinsteinAlfred JodlAugust von MackensenBethmann Hollweg von TheobaldConstantin Freiher von NeurathEduard BernsteinEric von FalkenhaynErich von FalkenhaynErich von LudendorfFranz von HipperFriedrich EbertFritz von BelowGeorg von der MarwitzHans von BeselerHans von SeecktHeinz GuderainHugo HaaseKarl Eduard Wilhelm GroenerKarl HelfferichKarl SchwarzschildMax von GallwitzMaximilian HoffmanOtto RippertOtto Victor Karl Liman von SandersPaul Ludwig Hans von HindenburgReinhard ScheerRudolph HessRupprechtSixt von ArminTheodor DaublerWerner von Blomberg

Places involved

BapaumeBeelitzBerlinBucharestConstantaDobrudjaEastern FrontHermannstadtJutlandNeuvillePotsdamRiver ArgesulSilistraSommeTurtukaiVerdunWestern FrontWurttembergYpres

Provenance

This page is generated from stored World History Database records matching the exact country and year shown above. Exact duplicate display records are collapsed. Records without a month are listed after the monthly sections. Source provenance varies by record; formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.