Permanent year factsheet

Germany in 1921

Historical records for Germany in 1921, rendered directly from the World History Database and ordered by month, day and event.

77Records
51Events
21Named people
13Places
12Categories

Historical records

January

1 January 1921Death of Theobald von Bethmann HollwegTheobald von Bethmann Hollweg

Government / Government of Germany

Death of Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg

24 January 1921Conference of ParisKarl Joseph Wirth

Paris · Government / Weimar Republic

The Paris Conference fixes German war reparations

24 January 1921ReparationsKarl Joseph Wirth

Paris · Government / Weimar Republic

The Paris Conference fixes German war reparations

January 1921Führergehilfen Staff Training BeginsAlfred Jodl

Germany · Warfare / Military

Jodl begins Führergehilfen training, the Reichswehr's concealed system of general staff education.

February

February 1921RallyAdolf Hitler

Munich · Politics / NSDAP

Addresses over 6,000 people in the Circus Krone

March

1 March 1921OccupationKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

The Allies enter Germany to enforce reparations

21 March 1921ReferendumKarl Joseph Wirth

Silesia · Government / Weimar Republic

Plebiscite in Upper Silesia, they vote to remain part of Germany. Allied Plebiscite Commission rejects vote, draws boundary anyway; takes section of mines, mills and furnaces and 350,000 Germans and puts them under Polish rule

21 March 1921Rule of SilesiaKarl Joseph Wirth

Silesia · Government / Weimar Republic

Plebiscite in Upper Silesia, they vote to remain part of Germany. Allied Plebiscite Commission rejects vote, draws boundary anyway; takes section of mines, mills and furnaces and 350,000 Germans and puts them under Polish rule

April

2 April 1921First Arrival in New YorkAlbert Einstein

New York · Science / Physics

Arrives in New York during his first visit to the United States, including lectures and fundraising.

27 April 1921Allied Reparations CommitteeKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

Allied Reparations Committee levels 33 billion war reparations debt onto Germany; commands the handing over of 26% of all exports for 42 years and puts the Germans immediately into 12 billion in arrears

27 April 1921ReparationsKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

Allied Reparations Committee levels 33 billion war reparations debt onto Germany; commands the handing over of 26% of all exports for 42 years and puts the Germans immediately into 12 billion in arrears

April 1921ReparationsKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

The reparations bill is tallied when the Reparations Commission determines that damages caused by Germany amount to $33 billion or 133 billion gold marks. Reparations payments are to be made in cash or by such in-kind commodities as steel and coal

May

3 May 1921Invasion of SilesiaKarl Joseph Wirth

Silesia · Government / Weimar Republic

Polish forces under Wojciech Korfantry invade Upper Silesia

3 May 1921Rule of SilesiaKarl Joseph Wirth

Silesia · Government / Weimar Republic

Polish forces under Wojciech Korfantry invade Upper Silesia

5 May 1921London UltimatumKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

The London Ultimatum sets the total sum of the war indemnity at 132 billion marks

5 May 1921ReparationsKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

The London Ultimatum sets the total sum of the war indemnity at 132 billion marks

5 May 1921Royal Society Foreign MembershipAlbert Einstein

London · Science / Physics

Elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society.

23 May 1921Battle of St AnnabergKarl Joseph Wirth

St Annaberg · Warfare / Military

German Freikorps smash Polish forces at St Annaberg

23 May 1921Invasion of SilesiaKarl Joseph Wirth

Silesia · Warfare / Military

German Freikorps smash Polish forces at St Annaberg

24 May 1921FreikorpsKarl Joseph Wirth

St Annaberg · Government / Weimar Republic

Under Allied pressure, all Freikorps units are outlawed

30 May 1921Einwohnerwehr DissolutionGustav Ritter von Kahr

Munich · Government / Weimar Republic

Accepts the political necessity of dissolving the Bavarian Einwohnerwehr organisation after sustained Allied pressure for disarmament.

June

9 June 1921Manchester Honorary Doctorate and Relativity LectureAlbert Einstein

Manchester · Science / Physics

Receives an honorary Doctor of Science degree from the University of Manchester and lectures on relativity.

July

11 July 1921NSDAPAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

Adolf Hitler resigns from the party to force the hand of Anton Drexler not to unite with the DSP

25 July 1921NSDAPAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

Adolf Hitler rejoins the party

29 July 1921ChairmanAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

Appointed Chairman of the NSDAP

29 July 1921Der FuhrerAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

Adolf Hitler assumes leadership of the NSDAP, he becomes "Der Fuhrer"

29 July 1921NSDAPAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

Adolf Hitler assumes leadership of the NSDAP, he becomes "Der Fuhrer"

August

1 August 1921Constitution of GermanyAdolf Hitler

Munich · Politics / NSDAP

Sweeps away committees & establishes the "leadership principle"

1 August 1921Reform of Political PartiesAdolf Hitler

Munich · Politics / NSDAP

Sweeps away committees & establishes the "leadership principle"

29 August 1921Emergency Decree ProtestGustav Ritter von Kahr

Munich · Government / Weimar Republic

Protests against President Friedrich Ebert's nationwide state of emergency, regarding federal intervention as a threat to Bavarian autonomy.

August 1921Sports SectionAdolf Hitler

Munich · Politics / NSDAP

Founds the Gymnastic & Sports Section to protect NSDAP speakers, forerunner of the SA

September

11 September 1921Resignation as Prime MinisterGustav Ritter von Kahr

Munich · Government / Weimar Republic

Resigns as Bavarian prime minister after losing the struggle to preserve the Einwohnerwehr and its armed strength.

14 September 1921Arrest of Adolf HitlerAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

Hitler and SA disrupt speech by Otto Ballestedt of the Bayernbund; beaten badly; Hitler with others arrested

September 1921Economy of GermanyKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

An economic crisis grips Germany which causes runaway inflation and ends additional reparations installments

September 1921InflationKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

An economic crisis grips Germany which causes runaway inflation and ends additional reparations installments

September 1921ReparationsKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

An initial payment of $250 million reparations is made. An economic crisis grips Germany which causes runaway inflation and ends additional reparations installments

September 1921Return to Regional PresidencyGustav Ritter von Kahr

Munich · Government / Weimar Republic

Returns to his position as regional president of Upper Bavaria after leaving the Bavarian premiership.

October

6 October 1921DestinyFritz Lang

Berlin · Arts / Cinema

Directs Der mude Tod, released in English as Destiny.

20 October 1921Upper SilesiaJoseph Wirth

Berlin · Warfare / League of Nations

Germany loses part of Upper Silesia after League arbitration.

26 October 1921ChancellorKarl Joseph Wirth

Berlin · Government / Weimar Republic

Appointed Chancellor of Germany, 2nd term, Joseph Wirth (Center) forms 2nd cabinet

November

4 November 1921Economy of GermanyKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

German currency begins to collapse

December

17 December 1921Voelkischer BeobachterAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

NSDAP buys its first paper, the Voelkischer Beobachter

December 1921NSDAPAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

The NSDAP total party membership comes to 2000

Other Events

1921AbwehrFriedrich Gempp

Warfare / Military

The Abwehr was created in 1921 as part of the Ministry of Defence when Germany was allowed to form the Reichswehr, the military organisation of the Weimar Republic

1921AbwehrFriedrich Gempp

Warfare / Military

The first head is Major Friedrich Gempp, a former deputy to Col. Walther Nicolai, the head of German intelligence during World War I

1921AbwehrKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

The Abwehr was created in 1921 as part of the Ministry of Defence when Germany was allowed to form the Reichswehr, the military organisation of the Weimar Republic

1921Catholic Centre PartyFranz von Papen

Politics / Catholic Centre Party

Appointed Member of Catholic Centre Party

1921ChairmanWihelm Marx

Politics / Centre Party

Appointed Chairman of the Centre Group in the Reichstag

1921ChancellorKarl Joseph Wirth

Berlin · Government / Weimar Republic

Appointed Chancellor of Germany, 1st term

1921ChancellorKarl Joseph Wirth

Berlin · Government / Weimar Republic

Appointed Chancellor of Germany, 2nd term

1921Chief of StaffWerner von Blomberg

Stuttgart · Warfare / Military

Appointed Chief of Staff of the Stuttgart Army Area

1921CominternPaul Levi

Politics / Communist Party

Levi was expelled by the Comintern for "indiscipline"

1921CominternKlara Zetkin

Politics / Spartacists

Appointed member of the Executive Committee of the Communist International

1921DeputyBernstorf

Berlin · Government / Weimar Republic

Appointed Deputy in the Reichstag

1921DeputyFranz von Papen

Berlin · Government / Weimar Republic

Appointed Deputy of the Prussian Landtag

1921Gymnastics & Sports DivisionAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party

1921Gymnastics & Sports DivisionAdolf Hitler

Warfare / Military

The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party

1921Hebrew University Fundraising TourAlbert Einstein

United States · Science / Physics

Uses his first American visit to support fundraising for the future Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

1921LegislationKarl Joseph Wirth

Government / Weimar Republic

National Disarmament Law takes effect, disbands civil guards

1921Minister of ReconstructionWalter Rathenau

Government / Weimar Republic

Appointed Minister of Reconstruction

1921Minister PresidentOtto Braun

Government / Government of Germany

Appointed Minister President of Prussia

1921Nobel Prize in PhysicsAlbert Einstein

Berlin · Science / Physics

Awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for theoretical physics, especially the law of the photoelectric effect.

1921NSDAPAdolf Hitler

Munich · Politics / NSDAP

Membership of the NSDAP has grown from 190 in Jan 1920 to 3,300 by Aug 1921

1921NSDAPAdolf Hitler

Warfare / Military

The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party

1921President of GermanyKonrad Adenauer

Politics / Christian Democratic Party

Appointed President of the Prussian Council

1921Princeton Stafford Little LecturesAlbert Einstein

Princeton · Science / Physics

Delivers four Stafford Little Lectures explaining special and general relativity.

1921RallyAdolf Hitler

Rosenheim · Politics / NSDAP

Addresses a meeting where the 1st group of the party outside Munich had been founded

1921Ramsauer EffectCarl Ramsauer

Berlin · Science / Physics

Discovers an unexpected minimum in the scattering of low-energy electrons by noble-gas atoms, revealing their wave behaviour.

1921ShatteredLupu Pick

Berlin · Arts / Cinema

Directs Scherben, an influential Kammerspielfilm.

1921StabswacheJulius Schreck

Politics / NSDAP

One of the founders of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and also helps form the Stabswache, which was an early company of SA troops assigned as bodyguards to Hitler

1921Sturmabteilung (SA)Adolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party

1921Sturmabteilung (SA)Adolf Hitler

Warfare / Military

The SA is founded, known as the Gymnastics & Sports Division of the Nazi Party

1921Sturmabteilung (SA)Julius Schreck

Politics / NSDAP

One of the founders of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and also helps form the Stabswache, which was an early company of SA troops assigned as bodyguards to Hitler

1921Sturmabteilung (SA)Julius Schreck

Warfare / Military

One of the founders of the Sturmabteilung (SA) and also helps form the Stabswache, which was an early company of SA troops assigned as bodyguards to Hitler

1921The Indian TombFritz Lang

Berlin · Arts / Cinema

Writes the screenplay for Das indische Grabmal, directed by Joe May.

1921Upper SilesiaKarl Joseph Wirth

Silesia · Warfare / League of Nations

The League of Nations announces Poland will have Upper Silesia with 4/5 of mines

1921Voelkischer BeobachterAdolf Hitler

Politics / NSDAP

Adolf Hitler acquires all shares in the Voelkischer Beobachter company, making him the sole owner of the publication

Names involved

Adolf HitlerAlbert EinsteinAlfred JodlBernstorfCarl RamsauerFranz von PapenFriedrich GemppFritz LangGustav Ritter von KahrJoseph WirthJulius SchreckKarl Joseph WirthKlara ZetkinKonrad AdenauerLupu PickOtto BraunPaul LeviTheobald von Bethmann HollwegWalter RathenauWerner von BlombergWihelm Marx

Places involved

BerlinGermanyLondonManchesterMunichNew YorkParisPrincetonRosenheimSilesiaSt AnnabergStuttgartUnited States

Provenance

This page is generated from stored World History Database records matching the exact country and year shown above. Exact duplicate display records are collapsed. Records without a month are listed after the monthly sections. Source provenance varies by record; formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.