8 January 1945Proposes Preliminary Foreign Ministers MeetingWinston Leonard Spencer Churchill
Suggests an advance meeting of the three foreign ministers before the Big Three conference.
Historical records for Great Britain in 1945, rendered directly from the World History Database and ordered by month, day and event.
Suggests an advance meeting of the three foreign ministers before the Big Three conference.
Emphasizes the importance of Combined Chiefs of Staff discussions at Malta before travelling to Yalta.
Birth of Rod Stewart
Birth of Roderick David Stewart, later a major British rock and pop singer.
Proposes short talks between Anthony Eden and Edward Stettinius during the Malta preparations.
Birth of Anthony John Selvidge, later known as Tony Kaye, original Yes keyboard player.
Raises practical questions about Allied ships passing through the Turkish Straits on the journey toward Crimea.
Confirms expected arrival dates for the preliminary Malta talks and the subsequent Crimea conference.
Death of Archibald James Murray
Proposes excluding the press from the conference to protect secrecy and reduce logistical pressure.
Suggests that Generals Eisenhower and Alexander attend Yalta as well as the Malta military discussions.
Birth of Jacqueline du Pre
Takes part in pre-Yalta foreign-minister discussions aboard HMS Sirius in Grand Harbor.
Reviews Allied military planning with Roosevelt and the Combined Chiefs of Staff before Yalta.
Joins Franklin D. Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin as the Yalta Conference opens in Crimea.
Discusses how smaller states should be represented in the postwar international organization during the evening dinner.
Supports a significant French role in postwar German occupation and control arrangements.
Discusses Germany's postwar treatment and economic questions with Stettinius and Molotov.
Participates in tripartite military discussion of German forces in Norway and future Allied operations.
Discusses referring the question of German dismemberment to the European Advisory Commission.
Churchill states that Britain has consistently supported the Curzon Line, including leaving Lwow to the Soviet Union, while requesting a gesture toward Poland.
Discusses bomb-line arrangements and coordination between Western and Soviet forces advancing into Germany.
Reviews proposals for a French occupation zone and French membership on Germany's control machinery.
Participates in renewed debate over the composition and frontiers of postwar Poland.
A British revised formula states that Poland's eastern frontier should follow the Curzon Line with local adjustments of five to eight kilometres in Poland's favour.
Reviews Allied troops, oil concessions and diplomatic policy toward Iran with Stettinius and Molotov.
Agrees that the three foreign ministers should meet periodically after the conference.
21st Army Group opens Operation Veritable to clear German forces from the northern Rhineland.
Supports British amendments concerning the proposed Yugoslav political settlement.
Advances a British proposal concerning Allied policy toward Iran during the foreign ministers' meeting.
Participates in discussion of how major Axis war criminals should be treated after victory.
Advances a revised British proposal on the composition of the postwar Polish government.
Offers a British amendment to the draft Declaration on Liberated Europe.
Presents a British proposal concerning the future Austrian-Yugoslav frontier.
Presents British proposals concerning Venezia Giulia and the Yugoslav-Italian frontier.
Takes part in an evening reconsideration of German reparations with Roosevelt and Stalin.
Supports French participation in the Allied Control Council and a French occupation zone in Germany.
Agrees to send a joint message to Tito and Subasic concerning the formation of a Yugoslav government.
Approves inviting France to occupy a German zone and join the Allied Control Council.
Signs the tripartite protocol governing the initial Allied approach to German reparations.
Joins Roosevelt and Stalin in approving the secret Far Eastern agreement on Soviet entry against Japan.
Signs the final Protocol of Proceedings on behalf of the British government.
Proposes wording changes to the final conference communiqué during the eighth plenary meeting.
Allied bombing of Dresden leaves 25,000 dead
Reports to the British Cabinet on the principal agreements reached at the Big Three conference in Crimea.
Defends the Yalta agreements during a House of Commons debate that ends with a vote of confidence.
Writes Roosevelt expressing alarm about Soviet actions in Poland and urging a firm interpretation of the Yalta settlement.
Birth of Patricia Boyd
The British cross the Rhine at Wesel
Britsh, American & Canadian troops capture Cologne
Launches the 21st Army Group assault across the Rhine at Rees and Wesel.
Supports the Rhine crossing with the large British-American airborne assault of Operation Varsity.
Watches the Allies cross the Rhine
A conference on the proposed world organisation will be summoned for 25th April
Accompanies Churchill during a visit to troops after the successful Rhine crossings.
This record states: Churchill argued to Roosevelt that it was "as plain as a pike staff" that Moscows tactics were to drag out the period for holding free elections "while the Lublin Committee consolidate their power."
This record states: The Soviet Peoples Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) arrested 16 Polish opposition political leaders that had been invited to participate in provisional Government negotiations.
This record states: The arrests were part of a trick employed by the NKVD, which flew the leaders to Moscow for a later show trial followed by sentencing to a gulag.
Eileen Orwell dies during an operation.
Birth of Eric Patrick Clapton
Asks Eisenhower why the Americans are leaving Berlin to the Russians
Death of David Lloyd George
Completes the immense artillery, engineering, smoke and logistical preparations for crossing the Rhine.
Montgomery's armies secure positions west of the Rhine before preparing the major river assault.
The Allies liberate Bergen-Belsen
Arranges for photograps of Buchenwald camp victims to be circulated around the Cabinet
Himmler's approach reveals fragmentation inside the Nazi leadership but does not produce a separate peace.
Informed Heinrich Himmler wishes to open his own peace negotiations with the Allies
Churchill appeals to Stalin not to unilaterally impose Russian rule on Yugoslavia. Churchill appeals to Stalin not to unilaterally impose Russian rule on Poland
The Allies liberate Dachau
Appointed Successor to Adolf Hitler
Pushes 21st Army Group rapidly across northern Germany after breaking out from the Rhine bridgehead.
Visits Dachau shortly after Allied forces liberate the concentration camp.
German forces in multiple western and southern theatres stop fighting and enter Allied custody.
German troops in Italy, Austria, Holland & Norway surrender
Receives German officers seeking terms for forces facing 21st Army Group in northern Germany and nearby areas.
Reaches the temporary rank of brigadier after beginning the war as a private soldier.
Accepts the unconditional surrender of German forces in the Netherlands, north-west Germany and Denmark.
German forces in northwest Europe surrender to Montgomery, ending organised resistance across a large northern theatre.
In Europe, the 2First Army Group made its way across The Netherlands, Denmark and Northwest Germany, until on 5 May 1945 its commander, Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery, accepts the German surrender of all German forces
Montgomery & Rokossovsky join together at Wismar
The unconditional capitulation ends organised German military resistance.
Unconditional surrender of all German forces to the Allies
Broadcasts a victory message to the nation & commonwealth at 9.00 p.m
Victory in Europe Day publicly marks the end of the European war.
Announces "Victory in Europe Day"
Makes the announcement of Allied victory over the Axis powers in Europe at 3 p.m
Attends the VE Day celebrations in her ATS uniform
Broadcasts a victory message to the nation & commonwealth at 9.00 p.m
Crowds gather in Trafalgar Square at the end of war in Europe.
The Berlin instrument confirms the final military surrender of Germany.
Present when Generalfeldmarschall Wilhelm Keitel signs the final German Instrument of Surrender entering into force at 23:01 Central European Time
Birth of Alan James Ball Jr
Birth of Ian McLagan
Asks Attlee and Sinclair to remain in the Coalition until the defeat of Japan; the offer is rejected
Birth of Who guitarist Pete Townshend.
Birth of Peter Dennis Blandford Townshend
Rejects Churchill's offer to continue the Coalition Government
Appointed Prime Minister of Great Britain, 2nd term
The Government resigns
Appointed Home Secretary
Remains in Hut 8 through the end of the European war, continuing work on German Naval Enigma.
Ends wartime service with senior army experience that later shapes his public reputation.
Publishes Notes on Nationalism.
His forces establish contact with Soviet troops advancing from the east as the European war ends.
Opening day of the Allied Control Commission for German administration
Opening of the Allied Control Commission by Churchill, Roosevelt & Stalin
USA., Britain, Russia & France declare supreme authority over Germany
Completes the plan for the defense of Britain
Draws a line from Edinburgh to the Medway & Bristol to London of ditches & "pillboxes"
Birth of Kenneth Robert "Ken" Livingstone
Signs the United Nations Charter on behalf of Britain
Promises a comprehensive health service in Labour's programme.
The Allies prepare for the land invasion of Japan, the plan is scrapped
The Allies prepare for the land invasion of Japan, the plan is scrapped
Japan's capitulation ends organised Japanese resistance across the wider Allied command area.
As COS to Mountbatten oversees the surrender of Japan
Retains Ebbw Vale as Labour wins nationally.
Wins the newly created Coventry East constituency at the Labour general election victory.
Retains Wakefield for Labour in the general election that brings Clement Attlee to power.
Wins the newly created Coventry East constituency at the Labour general election victory.
Healey contests Pudsey and Otley for Labour, substantially increasing the party vote but failing to win the seat.
General election outcome recorded for Richard Howard Stafford Crossman: Wins the newly created Coventry East constituency at the Labour general election victory.
Government context for this general election: Wins the newly created Coventry East constituency at the Labour general election victory.
Elected Member of Parliament
Contests Solihull for Labour at the 1945 general election and is defeated.
With Allied leaders in Potsdam when he hears news of the succesful test explosion. Sees the atomic bomb as a means of delivering peace to the world
The US, Britain & Nationalist China calls for unconditional Japanese surrender
Birth of Helen Mirren, born Ilyena Vasilievna Mironov
Leads Labour to a landslide general election victory.
Forms a Labour government committed to welfare reform.
Leaves office after Labour's general election victory
Appointed Prime Minister of Great Britain, 1st term
Attlee's government inherits Britain's obligations as a founding member of the United Nations after the UN Charter is signed in 1945
Attlee's government inherits Britain's obligations as a founding member of the United Nations after the UN Charter is signed in 1945
Appointed Junior Commander in the ATS
Is appointed Lord Privy Seal in Clement Attlee’s Labour government.
Becomes Celtic manager and begins a long tenure in charge of the club.
Attlee and Truman meet at Potsdam while Allied policy for postwar Germany and war crimes trials is discussed
Appointed Home Secretary
Takes responsibility for housing as Minister of Health.
Appointed Minister of Health in Attlee's government.
Becomes Minister of Health in Attlee's government.
The international military tribunal charter lists 24 suspected war criminals
The international military tribunal charter is drawn up with 24 suspect war criminals
Japan's decision to surrender brings the Pacific War toward its conclusion.
Hirohito announces the surrender of Japan
VJ Day celebrations mark the practical end of the war against Japan.
The Allies celebrate 15th August as VJ Day
Celebrates the end of war with Japan at a dinner party in Buckingham Palace
Publishes Animal Farm.
Takes responsibility for creating the National Health Service.
The signed surrender document formally ends Japan's war with the Allied powers.
The surrender of Japan is signed
Promises India independence
Promises India independence
Exceeds his authority & declares martial law in Vietnam
Appeals in vain for calm as French paratroopers go on the rampage in Saigon
John Lennon starts at Doverdale Primary School
Elected Member of Parliament for Smethwick in a by-election after Labour's Alfred Dobbs was killed in a car accident one day after winning the seat at the 1945 general election
Speaks during debate on the National Insurance Industrial Injuries Bill in the new Labour Parliament.
Begins contributing to Commons debates, including discussion of British policy toward Greece.
Publishes You and the Atomic Bomb.
Healey marries Edna May Edmunds, whom he had met at Oxford before the war.
Healey’s marriage to fellow Oxford graduate Edna Edmunds begins a partnership lasting until her death.
Birth of Ian Fraser "Lemmy" Kilmister
Initial Member of Allied Control Commission over Germany
Is appointed to the Anglo-American Committee investigating European Jewry and Palestine.
Publication of "Animal Farm"
Takes responsibility for developing the concept that becomes the Automatic Computing Engine project.
Publication of "Brideshead Revisited"
Directs Brief Encounter, adapting Noel Coward's Still Life into a landmark British romantic drama.
Building Materials and Housing Act 1945 helps control building materials and housing reconstruction
Helps coordinate Cabinet work on Labour's reform programme.
Hoyle returned to Cambridge as an assistant lecturer in mathematics.
Appointed Chairman of the Conservative Research Department
Appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer, 2nd term
Appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer
Appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer
Appointed in Washington
Begins post-war political work in the Conservative Parliamentary Secretariat after deciding not to return to a full academic career.
Joins the Daily Herald as a columnist, jointly owned by the TUC and Odhams Press, and was effectively an official Labour Party paper
Healey leaves the British Army with the rank of major after service in North Africa and Italy.
Appointed Deputy Prime Minister
Dismissed due to a personality clash with Mountbatten
Distribution of Industry Act 1945 supports development areas and directs industrial reconstruction after the war
Education Scotland Act 1945 amends and consolidates Scottish education provisions after the war
The Labour Party wins 48% of votes cast and 393 MPs
Labour win 393 seats, the Conservatives win 210 seats. 259 new Labour MPs are elected
As a TGWU official, Brown is an attractive candidate to Labour constituencies seeking a candidate, as the TGWU would sponsor him and pay election expenses, selected for Belper, a mixed constituency near Derby which was one of the top Labour target seats, Brown wins the seat with a majority of nearly 9,000
Elected Member of Parliament for Blackburn, Lancashire
The Conservative Party wins 39.6% of votes cast & 210 MPs, Labour win 393 seats. Forms a "caretaker Government" until the election. Churchill broadcasts from Chequers denouncing Socialism as "some form of Gestapo"
Loses seat at the general election
The SNP first wins a Parliamentary seat at the Motherwell by-election but Dr Robert McIntyre Member of Parliament loses the seat at the general election three months later
1st SNP Member of Parliament is elected to Parliament, in a Motherwell by-election
Applies his universal-machine ideas to the practical design of an electronic stored-program computer.
Emergency Laws Transitional Provisions Act 1945 continues selected emergency powers after the war
Leaves wartime service strongly committed to European unity and international cooperation.
Leaves the Evening Standard and moves toward the Daily Herald and parliamentary politics.
Spends the rest of his life in exile in France
Family Allowances Act 1945 provides cash allowances for families with children after the first child
Finance No 2 Act 1945 sets postwar taxation and revenue measures for the Labour government
Appointed First Lord of the Admiralty, 3rd term
Healey becomes an important Labour foreign policy adviser after the wartime coalition ends.
Appointed Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
Co-writes material for a British documentary recording evidence from liberated concentration camps.
Enters Germany with Allied psychological warfare staff during the final months of the war.
Appears in The Picture of Dorian Gray, wins a Golden Globe for best supporting actress
Forms a "caretaker Government" until the election
Appointed Governor General of Australia
Writes a historical and technical account of Hut 8 Naval Enigma work through December 1941.
Publication of "History of Western Philosophy"
Moves toward national control of hospitals.
Begins postwar housing reconstruction work.
Housing Temporary Accommodation Act 1945 supports temporary housing for people affected by wartime shortages
Works for the Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation before entering Parliament.
Healey directs Labour’s International Department and develops relationships with democratic socialist parties across Europe.
Healey becomes secretary of Labour’s International Department and advises party leaders on foreign affairs.
Appointed Leader of the House of Commons
Appointed Lieutenant Colonel
Rejects full local authority control of hospitals.
Appointed Lord President of the Council
Begins his Commons career after winning Plymouth Devonport for Labour.
Healey is awarded the MBE.
Begins difficult negotiations with doctors and consultants.
Elected Member of Parliament for Woodford & Wanstead
Loses seat at the general election
Elected Member of Parliament for Plymouth, Devonport
First elected Member of Parliament for Leeds South
Elected Member of Parliament for Lanark, defeating Lord Dunglass (Alec Douglas-Home)
Elected Member of Parliament for Monmouth
First elected to Parliament as Member of Parliament for Ormskirk
Healey receives appointment as a Member of the Order of the British Empire for wartime service.
Healey leaves the army with the rank of major after wartime service.
Publication of "Mind at the End of its Tether"
Appointed Minister of Labour, during Churchills "caretaker Government"
Appointed Minister of National Insurance
Appointed Minister of Social Insurance
Joins the National Physical Laboratory to work on the design of a new electronic computer.
Publication of "New Deal for Coal"
Publication of "New Deal for Coal"
Works under John Herivel in the Newmanry section in Block H.
Shapes Cabinet plans for a national health service.
Begins to found the NHS
Winner of the Nobel Prize for Medicine, for the discovery of penicillin
Powell develops particle physics research at the University of Bristol.
Turing is awarded the OBE by King George VI for his wartime services, but his work remains secret for many years
Receives the OBE for his wartime service in psychological warfare.
Appointed as Parliamentary Private Secretary (PPS) to Herbert Morrison, the Leader of the House of Commons
Continues as Leader of the Labour Party
Created Baron Brooke, 1st
1st performance of, "Peter Grimes"
Acts as Foot's election agent in the successful Plymouth Devonport campaign.
Public Works Loans Act 1945 authorises public lending for local and public works purposes
Healey narrowly fails to win the Conservative-held seat of Pudsey and Otley, doubling the Labour vote but losing by 1,651 votes.
Radar development is recognised as central to British air defence.
Prepares Scottish legislation for the new health service.
Healey is appointed secretary of Labour’s International Department and becomes a foreign-policy adviser to party leaders.
Supplies and Services Transitional Powers Act 1945 continues wartime controls during postwar reconstruction
Publication of "The Burning Glass"
Appears in The Picture of Dorian Gray, wins a Golden Globe for best supporting actress
Appears in The Way to the Stars
Stars in The Wicked Lady
Joins Chelsea for 11,500 pounds
Appointed Under Secretary at the Foreign Office
Insists the service should cover the whole population.
Helps clear the approaches to the Rhine
Completes his military and intelligence service at the end of the Second World War.
Water Act 1945 reorganises water supply powers and supports public planning of water resources
Works on social insurance alongside health service reform.
Writes one of the first footballing autobiographies, entitled Football Ambassador
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