Permanent year factsheet

Scotland in 1561

Historical records for Scotland in 1561, rendered directly from the World History Database and ordered by month, day and event.

27Records
26Events
13Named people
8Places
7Categories

Historical records

January

January 1561Book of Discipline DebatedJohn Knox

Edinburgh · Religion / Scottish Reformation

Knox's proposed discipline for the reformed church faces political resistance

August

14 August 1561Departure from FranceMary of Scots

Calais · House / House of Stewart

Mary leaves France to return to Scotland after widowhood

19 August 1561Return to ScotlandMary of Scots

Leith · House / House of Stewart

Mary arrives at Leith to begin personal rule in Scotland

24 August 1561Mass at HolyroodMary of Scots

Holyrood · House / House of Stewart

Mary hears Catholic Mass at Holyrood and alarms Protestant reformers

24 August 1561Opposes Royal MassJohn Knox

Edinburgh · Religion / Scottish Reformation

Knox condemns Catholic worship at Mary's court after her return

August 1561English Safe Conduct RefusedMary of Scots

Paris · House / House of Stewart

Elizabeth refuses safe conduct after Mary declines to ratify the Treaty of Edinburgh

August 1561Treaty of EdinburghMary of Scots

Paris · House / House of Stewart

Refused passage through England because she will not ratify the Treaty of Edinburgh

September

2 September 1561Entry into EdinburghMary of Scots

Edinburgh · House / House of Stewart

Mary makes her formal entry into Edinburgh after returning from France

September 1561First Interview with MaryJohn Knox

Holyrood · Religion / Scottish Reformation

Knox meets Mary and defends Protestant preaching against royal criticism

September 1561Privy Council FormedMary of Scots

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Mary forms a council balancing Protestant nobles and royal authority

Other Events

1561Chief AdviserJames Stewart Moray, 1st

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Becomes a leading adviser after Mary Queen of Scots returns

1561Council of Mary StuartJohn Erskine Mar, 1st

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Appointed member of Mary Stuart's council

1561Council ServiceWilliam Keith

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Keith serves among nobles involved in Mary's returning government

1561Court InfluenceJames Hepburn Bothwell, 4th

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Bothwell participates in Mary's early Scottish court politics

1561Earl of Moray CreatedJames Stewart Moray, 1st

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Mary grants her half brother the earldom of Moray

1561MarriageMargaret Douglas

Scotland · House / House of Douglas

Marries Edward Crichton Lord Crichton of Sanquhar

1561Marriage Hopes FadeJames Hamilton Arran, 3rd

Edinburgh · Warfare / Scottish Political Crisis

Arran's hopes of marrying Elizabeth or Mary fade amid political instability

1561Mental Health CrisisJames Hamilton Arran, 3rd

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Arran's political role weakens during a period of mental distress

1561Mission to FranceJames Stewart Moray, 1st

France · House / House of Stewart

Sent by the Scottish estates to invite Mary back to Scotland

1561Northern PowerGeorge Gordon Huntly, 4th

Aberdeen · House / House of Gordon

Huntly remains a powerful Catholic noble in northern Scotland

1561Privy CouncilJames Douglas Morton, 4th

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Appointed Privy Councillor during Mary's personal rule

1561Privy CouncilJames Hepburn Bothwell, 4th

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Appointed Privy Councillor under Mary Queen of Scots

1561Protestant NobleArchibald Campbell Argyll, 5th

Edinburgh · House / House of Campbell

Argyll supports Protestant influence in Mary's early reign

1561Reformed MinistryJohn Craig

Edinburgh · Religion / Scottish Reformation

Craig becomes an important minister in the reformed kirk

1561Return InvitedMary of Scots

France · House / House of Stewart

Scottish estates invite Mary to return from France to Scotland

1561Secretary ContinuesWilliam Maitland Lethington

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Maitland serves as Mary's chief diplomatic secretary

1561Secretary of StateWilliam Maitland Lethington

Edinburgh · Government / Government of Scotland

Appointed Secretary of State to Mary Queen of Scots

Names involved

Archibald Campbell Argyll, 5thGeorge Gordon Huntly, 4thJames Douglas Morton, 4thJames Hamilton Arran, 3rdJames Hepburn Bothwell, 4thJames Stewart Moray, 1stJohn CraigJohn Erskine Mar, 1stJohn KnoxMargaret DouglasMary of ScotsWilliam KeithWilliam Maitland Lethington

Places involved

AberdeenCalaisEdinburghFranceHolyroodLeithParisScotland

Provenance

This page is generated from stored World History Database records matching the exact country and year shown above. Exact duplicate display records are collapsed. Records without a month are listed after the monthly sections. Source provenance varies by record; formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.