Permanent year factsheet

England in 1665

Historical records for England in 1665, rendered directly from the World History Database and ordered by month, day and event.

29Records
21Events
22Named people
9Places
12Categories

Historical records

January

1 January 1665Cell ObservationRobert Hooke

London · Science / Biology

Uses the word cell while describing cork structure in Micrographia.

1 January 1665MicrographiaWilliam Brouncker

London · Science / Royal Society

Presides over the Royal Society as Hooke's Micrographia appears.

1 January 1665MicrographiaRobert Hooke

London · Science / Royal Society

Publishes Micrographia, presenting microscopic observations and scientific illustrations.

February

6 February 1665Birth of AnneAnne

St James Palace · House / House of Stuart

Birth of Anne, second daughter of James Duke of York and Anne Hyde.

10 February 1665Concession and AgreementGeorge Carteret

New Jersey · Warfare / New Jersey Colony

Helps issue the Concession and Agreement guaranteeing religious liberty in New Jersey.

March

4 March 1665Declaration of WarCharles II

London · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Declares war on the Dutch Republic as the Second Anglo-Dutch War begins.

16 March 1665PeerageWilliam Cavendish Newcastle, 1st

London · House / House of Cavendish

Created Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne after the Restoration of Charles II.

16 March 1665RestorationWilliam Cavendish Newcastle, 1st

London · House / House of Cavendish

Created duke and rewarded after his estates and honours are restored.

May

May 1665Commander of FleetRupert of the Rhine

London · Warfare / Military

Appointed to senior naval command during the war with the Dutch Republic.

May 1665Fleet CommandRupert of the Rhine

London · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Serves as a leading royal naval commander as the Second Anglo-Dutch War begins.

June

13 June 1665Battle of LowestoftRobert Holmes

Lowestoft · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Serves in the English fleet during the campaign that opens the war.

13 June 1665Battle of LowestoftJohn Lawson

Lowestoft · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Commands part of the English fleet and is mortally wounded at Lowestoft.

13 June 1665Battle of LowestoftEdward Montagu Sandwich, 1st

Lowestoft · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Commands the English blue squadron during the victory at Lowestoft.

13 June 1665Battle of LowestoftChristopher Myngs

Lowestoft · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Fights as an English admiral during the major victory over the Dutch.

13 June 1665Battle of LowestoftWilliam Penn

Lowestoft · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Serves as a senior English flag officer during the battle.

13 June 1665Battle of LowestoftRupert of the Rhine

Lowestoft · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Commands a squadron in the English victory at Lowestoft.

13 June 1665Battle of LowestoftJames Stuart York, Duke of

Lowestoft · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Commands from the Royal Charles as the English defeat the Dutch fleet at Lowestoft.

26 June 1665Birth of William CowperWilliam Cowper Cowper, 1st

Hertfordshire · Politics / Whig Politics

Birth of William Cowper, later Lord Chancellor and 1st Earl Cowper.

July

July 1665Great PlagueCharles II

Oxford · Government / Restoration

Moves the court away from plague-stricken London as the epidemic worsens.

July 1665Great PlagueNathaniel Hodges

London · Science / Medicine

Treats plague victims and later records medical observations of the epidemic.

July 1665Plague GovernmentGeorge Monck Albemarle, 1st

London · Government / Restoration

Remains influential in London administration during the plague emergency.

July 1665Plague PrayersGilbert Sheldon

Canterbury · Religion / Church of England

Church authorities respond to plague conditions during the epidemic.

August

12 August 1665Battle of BergenThomas Teddeman

Bergen · Warfare / Anglo-Dutch Wars, 2nd

Attacks the Dutch East India convoy in Bergen harbour and is repulsed by Danish batteries.

September

September 1665Plague ProclamationCharles II

Oxford · Government / Restoration

Issues government orders from Oxford while plague disrupts London and Westminster.

Other Events

1665Great Plague AdministrationGeorge Monck Albemarle, 1st

London · Government / Restoration

Helps manage royal government in London during the Great Plague while Charles II is away.

1665Member of ParliamentThomas Osborne Danby, 1st

York · Government / Government of England

Elected Member of Parliament for York and becomes a supporter of the restored monarchy.

1665PageJohn Churchill Marlborough, 1st

London · Warfare / Military

Serves as a page to James, Duke of York, at the Restoration court.

1665Pathologiae CerebriThomas Willis

London · Science / Medicine

Publishes work on disorders of the brain and nervous system.

1665War AdministrationHenry Bennet

London · Government / Restoration

Serves in the ministry during the opening year of the Second Anglo-Dutch War.

Names involved

AnneCharles IIChristopher MyngsEdward Montagu Sandwich, 1stGeorge CarteretGeorge Monck Albemarle, 1stGilbert SheldonHenry BennetJames Stuart York, Duke ofJohn Churchill Marlborough, 1stJohn LawsonNathaniel HodgesRobert HolmesRobert HookeRupert of the RhineThomas Osborne Danby, 1stThomas TeddemanThomas WillisWilliam BrounckerWilliam Cavendish Newcastle, 1stWilliam Cowper Cowper, 1stWilliam Penn

Places involved

BergenCanterburyHertfordshireLondonLowestoftNew JerseyOxfordSt James PalaceYork

Provenance

This page is generated from stored World History Database records matching the exact country and year shown above. Exact duplicate display records are collapsed. Records without a month are listed after the monthly sections. Source provenance varies by record; formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.