11 January 1793President of National ConventionPierre Victurnien Vergniaud
Vergniaud took the Convention's presidential chair during the decisive January phase of Louis XVI's trial.
Historical records for France in 1793, rendered directly from the World History Database and ordered by month, day and event.
Vergniaud took the Convention's presidential chair during the decisive January phase of Louis XVI's trial.
Saint-Just argues that the former king must be judged as an enemy of the people and the Revolution
Saint-Just argues that the former king must be judged as an enemy of the people and the Revolution.
The Convention rejected a proposal to submit the judgment against Louis XVI to popular ratification.
The Convention voted overwhelmingly that Louis XVI was guilty of conspiracy against public liberty and the security of the state.
Louis XVI was sentenced to death.
Sentenced to death
Sentenced to death
Louis XVI was sentenced to death.
The Convention completed the decisive vote that condemned Louis XVI to death.
Barras voted for the death of Louis XVI without an appeal to the people or a suspension of sentence.
The appeal against Louis death sentence is turned down
The appeal against Louis death sentence is turned down.
The appeal against Louis death sentence is turned down
The Convention rejected a proposed delay in carrying out the death sentence imposed on Louis XVI.
Louis XVI met his family for the final time on the evening before his execution.
A Convention delegation informed Louis XVI that his death sentence would be carried out the following day.
After the execution, Louis XVI's remains were buried in the Madeleine Cemetery in Paris.
Louis XVI was sent to the giuillotine in the Place de la Revolution, now the Place de la Concorde.
Sent to the giuillotine in the Place de la Revolution, now the Place de la Concorde
Sent to the giuillotine in the Place de la Revolution, now the Place de la Concorde
The execution of Louis XVI intensifies conflict between Jacobins Girondins and foreign enemies of the Republic
The execution of Louis XVI intensifies conflict between Jacobins Girondins and foreign enemies of the Republic.
Louis XVI attended a final religious service in the Temple before being taken to the place of execution.
Louis XVI was transported under heavy guard from the Temple to the Place de la Revolution.
France declares war on Britain to defend the gains of the revolution. France declares a war of European liberation
France declares war on Britain to defend the gains of the revolution. France declares a war of European liberation.
Saint-Just proposed that Convention deputies directly supervise military operations or receive reports without executive intermediaries.
Lazare Nicholas Marguerite Carnot voted for the immediate execution of Louis XVI.
Votes for the immediate execution of Louis XVI
Votes for the immediate execution of Louis XVI
Tried & found guilty before the Convention
Tried and found guilty before the Convention.
Lazare Nicholas Marguerite Carnot voted for the death of Louis XVI without delay.
The French Republic declares war against Britain, Holland & Spain
The French Republic declares war against Britain, Holland and Spain.
France invades the Austrian Netherlands, threatening Britains maritime security. France declares war on Britain
France invades the Austrian Netherlands, threatening Britains maritime security. France declares war on Britain.
The Convention declares war on England
The Convention declares war on England.
France annexes the Belgian provinces
France annexes the Belgian provinces.
Napoleon took part in the unsuccessful French expedition against Sardinia launched from Corsica.
Calls for an uprising but leading Hebertists are arrested
Calls for an uprising but leading Hebertists are arrested.
Calls for an uprising but leading Hebertists are arrested
Leads counter-revolutionaries & seizes Chemille
Attacks Prince Friedrich of Saxe-Coburg but is repulsed
The French are turned back by Saxe-Coburg
The Directory is recognized by the Pitt Government which offers to negotiate for peace
Captures the Vendee & restores the monarchy & Church
The Convention declares war on Spain
The Convention declares war on Spain.
Girondin leader Maximin Isnard proposes the creation of a nine-member Committee of Public Safety
Girondin leader Maximin Isnard proposes the creation of a nine-member Committee of Public Safety.
Dumouriez defects to the Allies
Dumouriez defects to the Allies.
Georges Jacques Danton helped form the committee of public safety which assumes dictatorial powers.
Helps form the committee of public safety which assumes dictatorial powers
The Committee of Public Safety is formed based upon Isnards proposal
The Committee of Public Safety is formed based upon Isnards proposal.
Helps form the committee of public safety which assumes dictatorial powers
The Committee of Public Safety is formed based upon Isnards proposal
Brought to trial but acquited
Jean Paul Marat was brought to trial and acquitted.
Death of Jacques Rene Herbert, executed
Hebert is executed alongside some of his fellow Hebertists
Escapes an accusation of treason after the defeat of the Army of the North
Marat and radical Jacobins attack Girondin leaders as civil war and foreign invasion threaten the Republic
Marat and radical Jacobins attack Girondin leaders as civil war and foreign invasion threaten the Republic.
Forms the Revolutionary Tribunal & leads it until July
Forms the Revolutionary Tribunal and leads it until July.
Forms the Revolutionary Tribunal & leads it until July
Escapes an accusation of treason after the defeat of the Army of the North
Killed during the siege of Conde
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Custine was appointed Commander of the Army of the North.
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Saint-Just proposed suppressing departmental administrations as resistance to central revolutionary authority increased.
Defeated in battle against the Allies
Saint-Just proposed limiting each town to a single municipality regardless of its population.
A Jacobin committee of Marat & Montagnards calls Paris "to arms" against the Girondins
A Jacobin committee of Marat and Montagnards calls Paris "to arms" against the Girondins.
The Jacobins assumed more and more power during the spring of 1793, with the support of the Parisian mob, which overawed the Convention, culminating in a coup at the end of May.
The Jacobins will hold power until the summer of 1794, and they repeatedly purged the Convention of those they held disloyal to the Republic.
ending with a widespread program of execution, the Reign of Terror in their last months.
The Jacobins will hold power until the summer of 1794, and they repeatedly purged the Convention of those they held disloyal to the Republic, ending with a widespread program of execution, the Reign of Terror in their last months
The Jacobins will hold power until the summer of 1794, and they repeatedly purged the Convention of those they held disloyal to the Republic, ending with a widespread program of execution, the Reign of Terror in their last months.
Robespierre promoted a Republic of Virtue while Jacobin rule intensified repression before his overthrow on 9 Thermidor.
The Jacobins will hold power until the summer of 1794, and they repeatedly purged the Convention of those they held disloyal to the Republic, ending with a widespread program of execution, the Reign of Terror in their last months. Robespierre tries to found the Republic of Virtue, until the Jacobins last purge, 9 Thermidor, in July 1794, executed Robespierre himself
Barras sided against the Girondins during the Convention's escalating factional struggle.
Paris militants and the Mountain force the arrest of leading Girondins after months of struggle with Jacobins
Paris militants and the Mountain force the arrest of leading Girondins after months of struggle with Jacobins.
Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne proposed execution of unsuccessful generals and the creation of a revolutionary army.
Proposes execution of unsuccessful generals & the creation of a revolutionary army
Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne proposed expelling foreigners and taxing the rich. Proposes execution of unsuccessful generals and the creation of a revolutionary army.
Proposes expelling foreigners & taxing the rich. Proposes execution of unsuccessful generals & the creation of a revolutionary army
Napoleon's conflict with Pasquale Paoli forced the Bonaparte family to leave Corsica and seek safety in mainland France.
Napoleon I rejoined his company at Nice.
Rejoins his company at Nice
Rejoins his company at Nice
Beauharnais refused appointment as minister of war before taking senior command in the revolutionary armies.
The Corsican Convention dissolves Corsicas Primary Assembly. Corsica is split into 2 in order to reduce Paolis influence
The Corsican Convention dissolves Corsicas Primary Assembly. Corsica is split into 2 in order to reduce Paolis influence.
Georges Jacques Danton left the Committee of Public Safety.
Leaves the Committee of Public Safety
Leaves the Committee of Public Safety
Stabs Marat to death in his bath. Stabs Jean-Paul Marat to death in his bath. A reaction to the Jacobin challenge to the Girondists.
Stabbed to death in his bath by Charlotte Corday, a Girondist and anti-Jacobin.
Marat is assassinated by Charlotte Corday and becomes a martyr figure for radical revolutionaries.
Death of Jean Paul Marat, founder of "Lami du Peuple" & deputy for Paris
Death of Jean Paul Marat, founder of "Lami du Peuple" and deputy for Paris.
Joins the Army of Carteaux acting against Marseille & Toulon
Napoleon I joined the Army of Carteaux acting against Marseille and Toulon.
Joins the Army of Carteaux acting against Marseille & Toulon
Death of Jacques Cathelineau, killed at the siege of Naples
Death of Jacques Cathelineau, killed at the siege of Naples.
Killed at the siege of Nantes
The leader of the Lyons Jacobins is executed
The leader of the Lyons Jacobins is executed.
The leader of the Lyons Jacobins is executed
Declared a traitor to the French Republic & guillotined
Declared a traitor to the French Republic & guillotined
Olympe de Gouges was imprisoned because authorities regarded her political writings as counter-revolutionary.
Danton was elected president of the National Convention during the struggle between revolutionary factions.
The Committee is already entering a more powerful and active phase, which would see it become a de facto dictatorship alongside its similarly powerful partner, the Committee of General Security
The Committee is already entering a more powerful and active phase, which would see it become a de facto dictatorship alongside its similarly powerful partner, the Committee of General Security.
Appointed President of the Committee of Public Safety
Robespierre joined the Committee of Public Safety as it expanded control over wartime policy, the Terror and the levee en masse.
The Committee is responsible for interpreting and applying the decrees of the National Convention, and thus for implementing some of the most stringent policies of the Terror & the levee en masse. The Committee is already entering a more powerful and active phase, which would see it become a de facto dictatorship alongside its similarly powerful partner, the Committee of General Security. Maximilien Robespierre is elected to the Committee
Robespierre joins the Committee of Public Safety while Jacobin influence over revolutionary government increases
Robespierre joins the Committee of Public Safety while Jacobin influence over revolutionary government increases.
Appointed President of the Committee of Public Safety
The Committee is responsible for interpreting and applying the decrees of the National Convention, and thus for implementing some of the most stringent policies of the Terror & the levee en masse
The Committee is responsible for interpreting and applying the decrees of the National Convention, and thus for implementing some of the most stringent policies of the Terror and the levee en masse.
Appointed President of the Committee of Public Safety
Appointed President of the Committee of Public Safety
Saint-Just joined the Committee of Public Safety and became one of its most forceful younger members.
Imprisoned in the Rue de Paris until 16th October
Imprisoned in the Rue de Paris until 16th October.
Appointed Member of Committee of Public Safety
Lazare Nicholas Marguerite Carnot became a member of the Committee of Public Safety.
Appointed Member of Committee of Public Safety
A levee en masse is raised aiming to enlist 16,000 men
A levee en masse is raised aiming to enlist 16,000 men.
The Decree for the Levee en Masse is made
The Decree for the Levee en Masse is made.
Found guilty of treason by a revolutionary tribunal & guillotined
Found guilty of treason by a revolutionary tribunal and guillotined.
Found guilty of treason by a revolutionary tribunal & guillotined
Found guilty of treason by a revolutionary tribunal & guillotined
Found guilty of treason by a revolutionary tribunal & guillotined
Hebert and militant allies press the Convention and Jacobins toward harsher measures against enemies
Hebert and militant allies press the Convention and Jacobins toward harsher measures against enemies.
Danton supported stronger economic and military emergency measures, including a revolutionary army, during the Republic's crisis.
The Convention elected Billaud-Varenne to preside during the September expansion of emergency revolutionary measures.
Popular pressure places terror on the order of the day as Jacobin dominated government confronts war and revolt
Popular pressure places terror on the order of the day as Jacobin dominated government confronts war and revolt.
Billaud-Varenne supported creation of a revolutionary army during the emergency measures of September 1793.
Defeats an Anglo-Hanoverian army under the Duke of York
Fights at the Battle of Hondschoote
Helps generals Houchard & Jourdan relieve Dunkirk
Routes the Prince of Orange
Given command of the artillery
The Law of Suspects expands arrests of those considered enemies of the Revolution during Jacobin rule
The Law of Suspects expands arrests of those considered enemies of the Revolution during Jacobin rule.
A Battle between 50,000 Allies & 45,000 French, both sides retreat
Billaud-Varenne supported formally naming the extraordinary criminal court the Revolutionary Tribunal.
Appointed Adjutant General after the Battle of Hondschoote
Appointed Adjutant General after the Battle of Hondschoote
Barras was sent on mission to the Army of Italy and became involved in Republican operations around Toulon.
Saint-Just reported for suspending the 1793 Constitution and maintaining revolutionary government until peace.
The French raide the siege at Maubeuge as orderred by Carnot
Drives back Prince Saxe-Coburg & forces the Austrians to abandon the siege of Maubeuge
The execution of Marie-Antoinette by the Guillotine. Death of Marie-Antoinette, executed by the guillotine
The execution of Marie-Antoinette by the Guillotine. Death of Marie-Antoinette, executed by the guillotine.
Marie-Antoinette was executed by guillotine.
The execution of Marie-Antoinette by the Guillotine
The French raide the siege at Maubeuge as orderred by Carnot
Appointed Chef de Bataillon at the siege of Toulon
Napoleon I was appointed Chef de Bataillon at the siege of Toulon.
Appointed Chef de Bataillon at the siege of Toulon
Appointed Major
Napoleon I was appointed major.
Appointed Major
Captures Lyon from the Royalists
The Revolutionary Tribunal condemned Brissot with fellow Girondins, and he went to the guillotine in Paris.
Collot dHerbois becomes associated with severe repression after the federalist revolt in Lyon
Collot dHerbois becomes associated with severe repression after the federalist revolt in Lyon.
Napoleon developed an artillery plan aimed at positions controlling the harbour during the siege of Toulon.
Olympe de Gouges was executed after conviction by the Revolutionary Tribunal for her political publications.
Helps found a "cult of reason"
Jacques Rene Hebert helped establish the Cult of Reason.
Billaud-Varenne presented proposals for strengthening revolutionary government and central authority.
Appointed Lieutenant Colonel of the National Guard
Suchet was appointed lieutenant colonel of the National Guard.
Appointed Lieutenant Colonel of the National Guard
Helped design the calendar which is adopted by the Convention. A "natural" calendar of 12 months of 30 days with names reflecting the climate
Helped design the calendar which is adopted by the Convention. A "natural" calendar of 12 months of 30 days with names reflecting the climate.
The Council of War accepts Napoleon's proposals to recapture Le Caire Peninsular
The Council of War accepts Napoleon's proposals to recapture Le Caire Peninsular
Barnave was executed in Paris after revolutionary authorities prosecuted his links with the royal family.
Checked by the Allied forces under Brunswick
Fouche helps impose revolutionary punishment in Lyon after the citys revolt against Paris
Fouche helps impose revolutionary punishment in Lyon after the citys revolt against Paris.
Carrier conducts harsh repression in Nantes during the struggle against counterrevolution in the west
Carrier conducts harsh repression in Nantes during the struggle against counterrevolution in the west.
Saint-Just and Le Bas were sent to the eastern armies to restore discipline and strengthen defence against Austrian pressure.
The broad and centralized powers of the Committee are codified by the Law of 14 Frimaire (also known as the Law of Revolutionary Government)
The broad and centralized powers of the Committee are codified by the Law of 14 Frimaire (also known as the Law of Revolutionary Government).
The broad and centralized powers of the Committee are codified by the Law of 14 Frimaire (also known as the Law of Revolutionary Government)
The Law of 14 Frimaire centralises revolutionary government under the Convention and its committees
The Law of 14 Frimaire centralises revolutionary government under the Convention and its committees.
Desmoulins published the first issue of Le Vieux Cordelier, initially attacking the Hebertists before turning toward an indulgent position.
Desmoulins quickly turned his pen against the Committee of Public Safety and the Committee of General Security, comparing their reign to that of the Roman tyrants chronicled by Tacitus and expounding the "indulgent" views of the Dantonist faction
Desmoulins quickly turned his pen against the Committee of Public Safety and the Committee of General Security, comparing their reign to that of the Roman tyrants chronicled by Tacitus and expounding the "indulgent" views of the Dantonist faction.
Desmoulins launched Le Vieux Cordelier against the Hebertists, then increasingly criticized emergency committees and promoted the Dantonist call for clemency.
Journalist Camille Desmoulins begins publishing Le Vieux Cordelier, a newspaper which was initially aimed, with the approval of Robespierre and the Committee of Public Safety at the ultra-revolutionary Hebertist faction. Desmoulins quickly turned his pen against the Committee of Public Safety and the Committee of General Security, comparing their reign to that of the Roman tyrants chronicled by Tacitus and expounding the "indulgent" views of the Dantonist faction
Toulon is recaptured from the British. Directs a siege against a British squadron & wins promotion to General of brigade
Napoleon helped direct the assault on the fortified position known as Fort Mulgrave during the final operations at Toulon.
Leads a force which recaptures Le Caire Peninsular from the British. Enables the recapture of Toulon
Toulon is recaptured by the revolutionaries
The successful artillery operations helped force the Anglo-allied evacuation of Toulon and restored the port to Republican control.
Defeats the Prussians
Appointed Brigadier, age 24
Napoleon I was appointed brigadier general at age 24.
Appointed Brigadier
Captures Toulon & is made a Brigadier
Appointed General de Brigade
Napoleon I was appointed general de brigade.
Appointed General of the Brigade, provisional
Napoleon I received a provisional appointment as general of brigade.
Appointed General de Brigade
Appointed General of the Brigade, provisional
Defeats the Austrians under General Wurmser
Appointed Inspector of the Coast from the Rhone to the Var
Napoleon I was appointed Inspector of the Coast from the Rhone to the Var.
Appointed Inspector of the Coast from the Rhone to the Var
Billaud-Varenne argued that the National Convention alone should direct the revolutionary government.
Couthon supports Robespierre and Saint-Just in promoting virtue discipline and revolutionary government
Couthon supports Robespierre and Saint-Just in promoting virtue discipline and revolutionary government.
Fights at the siege of Toulon, captures British General OHara
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Picot Dampierre was appointed Commander of the Army of the North.
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Jean-Nicholas Houchard was appointed Commander of the Army of the North.
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Jean Baptiste Jourdan was appointed Commander of the Army of the North.
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Arrested alongside her husband, Louis XVI, & children
Marie-Antoinette was arrested alongside her husband, Louis XVI, and children.
Joins a survey of French-owned land near Lake Ontario.
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Commander of the Army of the North
Appointed Member of Committee of Public Safety
Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne became a member of the Committee of Public Safety.
Appointed Member of Committee of Public Safety
Appointed Member of Committee of Public Safety
Boissy DAnglais became a member of the Committee of Public Safety.
Appointed Member of Committee of Public Safety
Carried out by the French Committee of Public Safety
Carried out by the French Committee of Public Safety.
Maximin Isnard proposed a committee of 9, the Committee of Public Safety.
Proposes a committee of 9, the Committee of Public Safety
Appointed Member of Committee of Public Safety
Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes became a member of the Committee of Public Safety.
Appointed Member of Committee of Public Safety
Proposes a committee of 9, the Committee of Public Safety
Guillotined for failing to drive the Austrians out of Eastern France
Guillotined for failing to drive the Austrians out of Eastern France.
Appointed Member of Directory
Declares the doctrine of France's natural frontiers
Georges Jacques Danton declared the doctrine of France's natural frontiers.
Publication of "Elements de Republicanisme", demands the redistribution of property
Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne published "Elements de Republicanisme", demands the redistribution of property.
Publication of "Elements de Republicanisme", demands the redistribution of property
Brunel flees revolutionary France and sails from Le Havre for the United States aboard the Liberty.
Guillotined for failing to drive the Austrians out of Eastern France
The Austrians capture Brussels, Dumouriez is accused of treason & flees to the Allies
The Austrians capture Brussels, Dumouriez is accused of treason and flees to the Allies.
Appointed General of Division
Begins professional surveying work soon after reaching North America.
Placed in charge of organisation & direction of the armies
Placed in charge of organisation & direction of the armies
Brings the extremist phase of the revolution to an end
Brings the extremist phase of the revolution to an end.
Brings the extremist phase of the revolution to an end
Defeats a rebellion in Paris on 13 Vendemiare & establishes the Directory
Defeats a rebellion in Paris on 13 Vendemiare & establishes the Directory
Raises the Levee En Masse conscripting the entire male population of France, August. Creates 14 armies from untrained recruits
Raises the Levee En Masse conscripting the entire male population of France, August. Creates 14 armies from untrained recruits.
Raises the 1st ever compulsory national conscription. Carried out by the French Committee of Public Safety
Raises the 1st ever compulsory national conscription. Carried out by the French Committee of Public Safety.
Prussian forces retake Mainz
The Austrians capture Brussels, Dumouriez is accused of treason & flees to the Allies
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