Insurrection of 31 May attacks Girondins
Armed protesters pressed the National Convention to act against the Girondin leadership. Brissot's standing weakened as the Mountain allied with Parisian militants.
Permanent historical records · Updated 2026-11-03
1793 in France — Page 5
Explore 797 historical events and records for France in 1793.
Historical records for France in 1793
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May
Paris Guard Mobilizes for Girondin Confrontation
National Guard companies helped assemble armed pressure against Girondin deputies. The mobilization threatened the Convention's ability to deliberate free of external coercion.
Paris rising demands Girondin removal: Commission conflict drives uprising
Guadet's support for action against the Commune contributed to hostility among the Parisian sections. The outbreak of insurrection showed that legislative investigations had failed to contain the conflict.
Paris rising demands Girondin removal: Convention confronted by armed crowds
Vergniaud and his colleagues faced demands for the removal of leading Girondin deputies. Street mobilization transformed a long-running parliamentary struggle into a direct confrontation.
Paris rising demands Girondin removal: Marseille deputy denounced
Barbaroux belonged to the Girondin camp attacked during the Paris uprising. His association with provincial political networks made him especially vulnerable to accusations of disloyalty to the capital.
Reign of Terror
Robespierre promoted a Republic of Virtue while Jacobin rule intensified repression before his overthrow on 9 Thermidor.
Reign of Terror
The Jacobins will hold power until the summer of 1794, and they repeatedly purged the Convention of those they held disloyal to the Republic, ending with a widespread program of execution, the Reign of Terror in their last months. Robespierre tries to found the Republic of Virtue, until the Jacobins last purge, 9 Thermidor, in July 1794, executed Robespierre himself
Vote against Girondins
Barras sided against the Girondins during the Convention's escalating factional struggle.
Commission of Twelve challenges Commune: Commission given investigative powers
Guadet helped promote institutional action against revolutionary agitators and municipal officials. The arrests ordered by the commission became a focal point of escalating street protest.
Commission of Twelve challenges Commune: National deputies assert independence
Brissot's allies defended the commission as protection against coercion by Parisian activists. Their opponents portrayed it as an attack on the popular movement that had saved the Revolution.
Commission of Twelve challenges Commune: Paris radicals investigated
Isnard's parliamentary faction supported a commission to investigate threats against the Convention. The move infuriated the capital's militant sections and their municipal allies.
Commission of Twelve investigates Paris sections
Girondin deputies secured a commission to examine alleged threats from the Paris Commune and radical sections. Brissot's political allies hoped parliamentary investigation could contain municipal pressure.
Ferrand Takes Responsibility for Fortress Defence
Ferrand commanded the garrison responsible for resisting a major Coalition siege. His troops prepared to hold fortified positions despite uncertainty about relief from the field army.
French Survivors Reinforce Valenciennes Garrison
Troops falling back after the defeat at Famars entered the fortified town. Their arrival increased the number of defenders but also complicated provisions and accommodation.
Hanriot Gains Influence through Radical Sections
Hanriot became a leading military figure within the politically mobilized Paris sections. His rise marked a shift from moderate constitutional policing toward militant republican command.
Paris guard confronts Girondin-Mountain rivalry
Guard battalions became important to the struggle between Girondin deputies and militant Paris sections. The political orientation of commanders shaped the balance between street mobilization and the Convention.
Retreat from Germany Weakens Custine Position
Reverses on the Rhine undermined confidence in Custine's command and exposed him to political accusations. The campaign illustrated the close connection between military failure and revolutionary suspicion.
June
Artillery Displays Strength outside Convention
Hanriot's armed men positioned forces around the legislature during the June insurrection. The surrounding troops helped compel the arrest of prominent Girondin representatives.
Commune Deploys Artillery Against Convention
Hanriot's forces surrounded the Convention as the Paris Commune demanded action against Girondin deputies. Military pressure compromised the legislature's ability to decide freely.
Girondin Deputies Arrested
Marat supports the movement against leading Girondins as armed pressure forces the Convention to order the arrest of prominent deputies.
Girondin deputies arrested after June uprising
The Convention ordered the arrest of Brissot and fellow Girondins under pressure from armed forces. Their exclusion transferred effective political advantage to the Mountain.
Girondin deputies detained: Convention leadership displaced
Vergniaud's reputation as a brilliant orator did not protect him when the Convention yielded to the insurgents. His confinement demonstrated that parliamentary standing could be overcome by armed force.
Girondin deputies detained: Girondin group loses representation
Gensonné was arrested with fellow deputies as the Mountain gained political control. Their removal weakened moderate republican voices inside the national legislature.
Girondin deputies detained: Leading deputy removed
Brissot was among the prominent Girondins placed under arrest after armed pressure on the Convention. The purge ended his capacity to shape national policy through parliamentary debate.
Girondin Fall
Paris militants and the Mountain force the arrest of leading Girondins after months of struggle with Jacobins
Girondin Fall
Paris militants and the Mountain force the arrest of leading Girondins after months of struggle with Jacobins.
Girondin leaders placed under arrest: Cannons surround the legislature
Hanriot's armed forces surrounded the National Convention and constrained the deputies' freedom of action. The resulting arrest decrees removed leading Girondins from political power.
Girondin leaders placed under arrest: Centralized republican authority grows
Couthon joined colleagues who regarded the purge as necessary to defend the endangered Republic. The action nonetheless revealed the coercive role of Parisian armed politics.
Girondin leaders placed under arrest: Mountain gains ascendancy
Robespierre's faction benefited when the Convention arrested prominent Girondin politicians under popular pressure. The Mountain now possessed a much stronger base for revolutionary government.
Jacobin Allied Militants Pressure National Convention
Hanriot's armed forces supported the insurrectionary pressure that removed leading Girondins from the Convention. The outcome strengthened the Mountain and its Parisian allies.
National Guards surround the Convention
Hanriot deployed armed forces around the Convention during the purge of leading Girondin deputies. The display of force compelled legislators to act under immediate pressure from the Paris Commune.
Execution
Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne proposed execution of unsuccessful generals and the creation of a revolutionary army.
Execution
Proposes execution of unsuccessful generals & the creation of a revolutionary army
Manifesto
Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne proposed expelling foreigners and taxing the rich. Proposes execution of unsuccessful generals and the creation of a revolutionary army.
Manifesto
Proposes expelling foreigners & taxing the rich. Proposes execution of unsuccessful generals & the creation of a revolutionary army
Break with Paoli
Napoleon's conflict with Pasquale Paoli forced the Bonaparte family to leave Corsica and seek safety in mainland France.
Captain
Napoleon I rejoined his company at Nice.
Captain
Rejoins his company at Nice
Captain
Rejoins his company at Nice
Constitution of Year I Adopted
Herault de Sechelles helps present the democratic Constitution of Year I, which the Convention adopts but later suspends during the emergency government.
How these records were prepared
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