Permanent year factsheet

United States of America in 1954

Historical records for United States of America in 1954, rendered directly from the World History Database and ordered by month, day and event.

97Records
66Events
29Named people
20Places
17Categories

Historical records

January

4 January 1954Big Brothers Home VisitLee Harvey Oswald

New York · Politics / Assassination of Kennedy, JF

A Big Brothers caseworker visited Lee and Marguerite at home, but Marguerite said further counseling was unnecessary.

13 January 1954Beauregard Junior High EnrollmentLee Harvey Oswald

New Orleans · Politics / Assassination of Kennedy, JF

Oswald enrolled in the eighth grade at Beauregard Junior High School on January 13, 1954.

21 January 1954USS Nautilus LaunchedDwight David Eisenhower

Groton · Science / Nuclear Power

The first nuclear-powered submarine, USS Nautilus, is launched during Eisenhower's administration.

January 1954Return to New OrleansLee Harvey Oswald

New Orleans · Politics / Assassination of Kennedy, JF

Marguerite took Lee back to New Orleans before January 10, 1954, without first obtaining formal permission from the New York court.

January 1954The Seven Year ItchMarilyn Monroe

Arts / Cinema

Stars in Billy Wilders comedy The Seven Year Itch, in which she starred opposite Tom Ewell as a woman who becomes the object of her married neighbors sexual fantasies

March

1 March 1954Castle Bravo TestDwight David Eisenhower

Bikini Atoll · Warfare / Nuclear

The United States conducts Castle Bravo, its most powerful nuclear test and a major source of radioactive fallout.

1 March 1954GovernmentDwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

The US carries out the 1st hydrogen bomb test in Bikini Atoll

1 March 1954Nuclear PowerDwight David Eisenhower

Warfare / Nuclear

The US carries out the first hydrogen bomb test in Bikini Atoll

8 March 1954GovernmentDwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

The US & Japan sign a mutual Defence Treaty

11 March 1954New York Truancy Case DismissedLee Harvey Oswald

New York · Politics / Assassination of Kennedy, JF

The New York juvenile court dismissed Lee's truancy case on March 11, 1954, after he had returned to New Orleans.

24 March 1954GovernmentDwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

According to Eisenhower the Hydrogen Bomb test exceeds all expectations

24 March 1954Nuclear PowerDwight David Eisenhower

Warfare / Nuclear

According to Eisenhower the hydrogen bomb test exceeds all expectations

April

7 April 1954Domino TheoryDwight Eisenhower

Washington · Warfare / Vietnam War, 2nd

Publicly frames Indochina in terms of the domino theory

7 April 1954GovernmentDwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

Supports continued use of foreign aid for France in Indochina

26 April 1954Geneva ConferenceJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 2nd

Directs US diplomacy during the Geneva Conference on Indochina

May

1 May 1954Voice of Liberation OversightEverette Howard Hunt

Central America · Politics / Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Hunt oversaw psychological-warfare projects that included the clandestine Voice of Liberation broadcasts directed at Guatemala.

7 May 1954Invasion of VietnamDwight David Eisenhower

Dien Bien Phu · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The US begins to prepare for limited military intervention. Dien Bien Phu falls to the Communists

13 May 1954Saint Lawrence Seaway ActDwight David Eisenhower

Washington · Economy / Infrastructure

The Act authorises American participation in constructing the Saint Lawrence Seaway.

17 May 1954Brown v Board Desegregation RulingDwight David Eisenhower

Washington · Government / Republican Party Government

The Supreme Court rules segregated public schools unconstitutional, creating a major civil-rights challenge for the administration.

27 May 1954Conference of GenevaDwight David Eisenhower

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The US does not want to recognize Beijing & Hanoi. Seeks unification through free elections supervised by the UN. Ignores the "Final Declaration", pledges unity through United Nations supervised elections. Ignores the "Final Declaration". Despite general agreement the "Final Declaration" is not signed

27 May 1954ElectionDwight David Eisenhower

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

Seeks unification through free elections supervised by the UN. Ignores the "Final Declaration", pledges unity through United Nations supervised elections

27 May 1954US does not want to recognize Beijing & HanoiDwight David Eisenhower

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The US does not want to recognize Beijing & Hanoi

May 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

American delegates attended the Geneva summit but scarcely participated.

May 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

But the plan hatched at Geneva was undermined and sabotaged by a lack of support.

May 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The Geneva conference adopted a similar approach in Vietnam.

May 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

US Secretary of State John Foster Dulles, a vehement anti-communist, refused to recognise, shake hands with or speak directly to Chinese or Viet Minh delegates.

May 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

Vietnamese territory would be divided temporarily into north and south, then given a road map to free elections, self Government, reunification and independence.

May 1954Blockade of Tonkin GulfDwight David Eisenhower

Tonkin Gulf · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

US ships are sent to patrol the Gulf on Tonkin

May 1954Tonkin Gulf Naval Patrol ExpandedDwight David Eisenhower

Tonkin Gulf · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

United States ships patrol the Tonkin Gulf as Washington increases naval attention to the conflict in Indochina.

June

15 June 1954GovernmentDwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

Refuses further military aid to France in South East Asia

18 June 1954Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)Dwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

CIA supported military forces invade Guatemala from Honduras

18 June 1954Operation PBSUCCESSDwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

CIA supported military forces invade Guatemala from Honduras

20 June 1954GovernmentDwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

The United Nations Security Council calls for a cessation of hostilities in Guatemala

20 June 1954UN Security CouncilDwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

The United Nations Security Council calls for a cessation of hostilities in Guatemala

25 June 1954Churchill Washington SummitDwight David Eisenhower

Washington · Government / Republican Party Government

Begins several days of talks with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill on world peace and Cold War strategy.

26 June 1954GovernmentRichard Milhous Nixon

Government / Republican Party Government

Says that "Acheson policy was directly responsible for the loss of China.."

27 June 1954PBSUCCESS Political Warfare ConcludesEverette Howard Hunt

Guatemala · Politics / Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Arbenz resigned as the CIA-backed operation reached its decisive stage, ending the political-warfare campaign in which Hunt had served.

June 1954Guatemala Psychological Warfare CampaignEverette Howard Hunt

Guatemala · Politics / Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Hunt's propaganda work supported a broader CIA psychological campaign designed to magnify the apparent strength of forces opposing Jacobo Arbenz.

July

21 July 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The Viet Minh delegates did not wish to sign: they sceptical about the scheduled 1956 elections and reluctant to agree to the 17th parallel border, which would mean surrendering territory to the South. In the end the Viet Minh representatives signed on the instructions of Ho Chi Minh, who was himself under pressure from the Soviet Union and China

21 July 1954GovernmentDwight David Eisenhower

Government / Republican Party Government

The Big Four sign an agreement to end the Indochina War

August

24 August 1954Communist Control Act SignedDwight David Eisenhower

Washington · Government / Republican Party Government

Signs the Communist Control Act during the height of domestic Cold War anti-communism.

August 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

A joint US-French naval task force was assembled near Haiphong harbour, while US personnel and aid workers organised refugee camps, food and medical supplies in South Vietnam.

August 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The Geneva Accords also provided a 300 day grace period, so that civilians could relocate to North or South Vietnam.

August 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The United States began providing assistance to those Vietnamese who wanted to move south.

August 1954Accords of GenevaJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

This process – pointedly titled Operation Passage to Freedom – was part humanitarian mission, part propaganda ploy.

August 1954Operation Passage to FreedomJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

A joint US-French naval task force was assembled near Haiphong harbour, while US personnel and aid workers organised refugee camps, food and medical supplies in South Vietnam.

August 1954Operation Passage to FreedomJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The Geneva Accords also provided a 300 day grace period, so that civilians could relocate to North or South Vietnam.

August 1954Operation Passage to FreedomJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The United States began providing assistance to those Vietnamese who wanted to move south.

August 1954Operation Passage to FreedomJohn Foster Dulles

Geneva · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

This process – pointedly titled Operation Passage to Freedom – was part humanitarian mission, part propaganda ploy.

September

1 September 1954Social Security Coverage ExpansionDwight David Eisenhower

Washington · Government / Republican Party Government

Social Security coverage is expanded to millions of additional workers, including farmers and many self-employed professionals.

2 September 1954Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)Joseph McCarthy

Politics / Republican Party

Claims that the CIA has been infiltrated by Communists

2 September 1954GovernmentJoseph McCarthy

Politics / Republican Party

Claims that the CIA has been infiltrated by Communists

8 September 1954Southeast Asia Collective Defense TreatyDwight David Eisenhower

Manila · Government / Republican Party Government

The Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty is signed, creating the framework for SEATO.

September 1954Beauregard Ninth GradeLee Harvey Oswald

New Orleans · Politics / Assassination of Kennedy, JF

Lee entered ninth grade at Beauregard Junior High School and earned mediocre but generally acceptable marks.

October

25 October 1954First Televised Cabinet MeetingDwight David Eisenhower

Washington · Government / Republican Party Government

Participates in the first televised meeting of a United States Cabinet.

October 1954Beauregard Achievement TestsLee Harvey Oswald

New Orleans · Politics / Assassination of Kennedy, JF

Achievement testing showed Lee performing well in reading and vocabulary but poorly in mathematics during ninth grade.

November

14 November 1954Birth of Condoleezza RiceCondoleezza Rice

Birmingham · Politics / Republican Party

Birth of Condoleezza Rice in Birmingham, Alabama.

November 1954International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)Dwight David Eisenhower

Warfare / Nuclear

The United States proposed to the General Assembly the creation of an international agency to take control of fissile material, which could be used either for nuclear power or for nuclear weapons. This agency would establish a kind of "nuclear bank." It had become clear that the Soviet Union would reject any international custody of fissile material, but that a clearing house for nuclear transactions might be possible

November 1954International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)Dwight David Eisenhower

Warfare / United Nations

The United States proposed to the General Assembly the creation of an international agency to take control of fissile material, which could be used either for nuclear power or for nuclear weapons. This agency would establish a kind of "nuclear bank." It had become clear that the Soviet Union would reject any international custody of fissile material, but that a clearing house for nuclear transactions might be possible

November 1954US closes its consulateDwight David Eisenhower

Hanoi · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The US closes its consulate

December

2 December 1954GovernmentJoseph McCarthy

Government / Republican Party Government

Condemned by Senate for conduct during "McCarthyism", ends anti-communist crusade

2 December 1954McCarthy Senate CensureDwight David Eisenhower

Washington · Government / Republican Party Government

The Senate censures Senator Joseph McCarthy, marking the collapse of his political influence during Eisenhower's presidency.

Other Events

1954Academy AwardWilliam Holden

Arts / Cinema

Winner of the best male actor for "Stalag 17"

1954American United Fruit CompanyJohn Foster Dulles

Politics / Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Supports Operation PBSUCCESS, the CIA-backed overthrow of Jacobo Arbenz in Guatemala.

1954Anti-Arbenz Print CampaignEverette Howard Hunt

Central America · Politics / Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Hunt helped oversee anti-Arbenz cartoons, pamphlets, newspaper material, and other propaganda intended to weaken support for Guatemala's government.

1954CoupJohn Foster Dulles

Government / Republican Party Government

Dulles lobbied Eisenhower on behalf of the American United Fruit Company to instigate a military coup by the Guatemalan army through the CIA under the pretext that Jacobo Arbenz's Government and the Guatemalan Revolution were veering toward communism. Dulles had previously represented the United Fruit Company as a lawyer, and remained on its payroll, while his brother, CIA director Allen Dulles, was on the company's board of directors

1954Discovery of Wheat CromosonesErnest Robert Sears

Science / Biology

Discovers a wheat cromosone which can increase wheat yeilds

1954Distance ScaleWalter Baade

Mount Wilson Observatory · Science / Astronomy

Baade distinguishes stellar populations and revises Cepheid distances used in estimates of cosmic expansion

1954Drum BeatCharles Bronson

Arts / Cinema

Makes a strong impact in Drum Beat supporting Alan Ladd

1954EducationHenry Alfred Kissinger

Harvard · Politics / Republican Party

PhD Degree at Harvard University

1954EducationPaul Leonard Newman

Yale · Arts / Cinema

Studied Drama at Yale University, graduating in 1954

1954GovernmentJohn Foster Dulles

Government / Republican Party Government

The US Air Force transports 1,000 French paratroopers from Europe to Vietnam. Chief architect of the SEATO Pact. Admits the USA provides 10x more support to France than Russia & China to Vietnam

1954HUACCharles Bronson

Arts / Cinema

During the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) proceedings, he changed his surname from Buchinsky to Bronson as Eastern European names sounded suspicious in an era of anti-Soviet sentiment

1954Intervention WarningMatthew Ridgway

Washington · Warfare / Vietnam War, 2nd

Warns against large-scale US ground intervention in Indochina

1954Lucky MeAngie Dickinson

Arts / Cinema

Dickinsons film career begins with a small role in Lucky Me

1954MarriageJerome David Salinger

Arts / Literature

Marries Claire Douglas, aged 19, when he was 35

1954Nobel PrizeLinus Pauling

Stockholm · Science / Chemistry

Receives the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research on the nature of the chemical bond and molecular structure.

1954Of the Southeast Asia TreatyJohn Foster Dulles

Government / Republican Party Government

iDulles became the architect of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO). The Treaty, signed by representatives of Australia, Britain, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand and the United States, provided for collective action against aggression

1954Operation PBSUCCESSJohn Foster Dulles

Politics / Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Supports Operation PBSUCCESS, the CIA-backed overthrow of Jacobo Arbenz in Guatemala.

1954Operation PBSUCCESSEverette Howard Hunt

Politics / Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Supports Operation PBSUCCESS, the CIA-backed overthrow of Jacobo Arbenz in Guatemala.

1954Operation Vulture DebateArthur Radford

Washington · Warfare / Vietnam War, 2nd

Advocates consideration of air intervention during the Dien Bien Phu crisis

1954PBSUCCESS Propaganda LeadershipEverette Howard Hunt

Washington · Politics / Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Hunt handled propaganda responsibilities for Operation PBSUCCESS as the CIA intensified political and psychological pressure against the Arbenz government.

1954Rear WindowJames Maitland Stewart

Arts / Cinema

Stars in, "Rear Window"

1954Rock Around the ClockBill Haley

Arts / Popular Music

"Rock Around the Clock", a breakthrough for rock and roll music, is included in the film Blackboard Jungle

1954Rock n RollBill Haley

Arts / Popular Music

Bill Haley and the Comets become first major white band to use black rock n roll forms, featuring heavy, danceable beat and repetitive patterns, "Rock Around the Clock" becomes huge hit

1954Saigon MissionDonald Heath

Saigon · Warfare / Vietnam War, 2nd

Represents the United States in Saigon during the French withdrawal period

1954Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)John Foster Dulles

Government / Republican Party Government

iDulles became the architect of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO). The Treaty, signed by representatives of Australia, Britain, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand and the United States, provided for collective action against aggression

1954Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)John Foster Dulles

Warfare / Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)

Dulles became the architect of the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO). The Treaty, signed by representatives of Australia, Britain, France, New Zealand, Pakistan, the Philippines, Thailand and the United States, provided for collective action against aggression

1954Thats All Right (Mama)Sam Phillips

Memphis · Arts / Popular Music

Elvis Presley records the regional hit "Thats All Right (Mama)" at Sam Phillips Sun studios in Memphis, Elvis plays a rock and country & western fusion called rockabilly

1954Thats All Right (Mama)Elvis Aaron Presley

Memphis · Arts / Popular Music

Elvis Presley records the regional hit "Thats All Right (Mama)" at Sam Phillips Sun studios in Memphis, Elvis plays a rock and country & western fusion called rockabilly

1954The Barefoot ContessaAva Lavinia Gardner

Arts / Cinema

Stars in The Barefoot Contessa

1954The Country GirlGrace Patricia Kelly

Arts / Cinema

Stars in, "The Country Girl". Stars in, "The Bridges at Toko-Ri". Stars in, "Rear Window". Stars in, "Green Fire". Stars in, "Dial M for Murder"

1954The High and the MightyClaire Trevor

Arts / Cinema

Stars in The High and the Mighty

1954The Silver ChalicePaul Leonard Newman

Arts / Cinema

First movie for Hollywood is "The Silver Chalice"

1954Times Man of the YearJohn Foster Dulles

Government / Republican Party Government

Named Time's Man of the Year for 1954

1954Universal ContractClinton "Clint" Eastwood

Hollywood · Arts / Cinema

Signs with Universal-International and begins small film and television roles.

1954US closes its consulateDwight David Eisenhower

Hanoi · Warfare / Vietnam War, 1st

The US closes its consulate. The US consulate is placed under siege to deprive it of supplies

Names involved

Angie DickinsonArthur RadfordAva Lavinia GardnerBill HaleyCharles BronsonClaire TrevorClinton "Clint" EastwoodCondoleezza RiceDonald HeathDwight David EisenhowerDwight EisenhowerElvis Aaron PresleyErnest Robert SearsEverette Howard HuntGrace Patricia KellyHenry Alfred KissingerJames Maitland StewartJerome David SalingerJohn Foster DullesJoseph McCarthyLee Harvey OswaldLinus PaulingMarilyn MonroeMatthew RidgwayPaul Leonard NewmanRichard Milhous NixonSam PhillipsWalter BaadeWilliam Holden

Places involved

Bikini AtollBirminghamCentral AmericaDien Bien PhuGenevaGrotonGuatemalaHanoiHarvardHollywoodManilaMemphisMount Wilson ObservatoryNew OrleansNew YorkSaigonStockholmTonkin GulfWashingtonYale

Provenance

This page is generated from stored World History Database records matching the exact country and year shown above. Exact duplicate display records are collapsed. Records without a month are listed after the monthly sections. Source provenance varies by record; formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.