Directory
Appointed Head of the Directory
Permanent historical records · Updated 2026-11-03
1795 in France — Page 2
Explore 234 historical events and records for France in 1795.
Historical records for France in 1795
Sorted by month and day. Records with no month are shown last. Showing 40 of 234 unique records.
234Unique records
2 of 6Page
34Named events on this page
14Named people on this page
7Places on this page
August
Two-Thirds Decree
Baudin's proposal reserves two-thirds of seats in the new legislative councils for former Convention deputies, seeking institutional continuity under the new constitution.
Constitutional Jury Proposal
Sieyes proposed a constitutional jury intended to protect the operation of the Constitution of Year III, but the proposal was rejected.
Jourdan Prepares Renewed Rhine Crossing
Jourdan assembled forces for an autumn campaign that would carry the French army across the river. The movement sought to open a new offensive against Austrian positions.
Opposition to Constitution of Year III
Carnot criticised the Constitution of Year III, particularly its bicameral legislature and the proposed organisation of executive power.
September
French Army Crosses Rhine near Dusseldorf
Jourdan's troops crossed the river in September and advanced onto its eastern bank. The operation threatened Austrian communications and forced a redistribution of Coalition forces.
Crossing of Rhine
Jourdan led a successful crossing of the Rhine during operations by the Army of Sambre-et-Meuse.
Dismissal
Dismissed from list of Generals for not joining Hoches Army at Brest
Pichegru Offensive Faces Coordination Problems
French campaigns on the Rhine required coordination between separate field armies. Differences in pace and command decisions limited their ability to exploit early advances.
October
Defence of Convention
The Convention appointed Barras commander in chief to organise its defence against the approaching royalist insurrection.
13 Vendemiaire
Napoleon helped suppress the royalist uprising against the Convention after Barras called on him to support the defence of Paris.
Artillery deployed against Vendemiaire insurgents
Bonaparte directed artillery during the defeat of the royalist attack in Paris. The episode demonstrated the growing influence of regular military force over citizen-militia politics.
Defense of Convention in Vendemiaire
Barras receives command of forces defending the Convention when royalist sections launch an armed uprising against the republican government.
National Guard role in Vendemiaire suppression
Barras supervised forces confronting a royalist uprising against the Convention in Paris. The clash showed the instability of armed civic politics as the Revolution moved toward the Directory.
Rebellion of Rebels in Paris
Defends the Convention & fires on the people, commanded by Barras
Rebellion of Rebels in Paris
Uses a "whiff of grapeshot" on the "day of the sections" to drive out the Parisian mob
Rebellion of Royalist
Suppresses a Royalist uprising in Paris
Regular Artillery Outmatches Royalist Section Forces
Bonaparte's guns proved decisive against royalist insurgents during Vendémiaire. The confrontation highlighted the growing superiority of disciplined army units over politically divided civic formations.
Suppression of 13 Vendemiaire
Barras directed the Convention's defence during the Vendemiaire uprising and employed Napoleon Bonaparte in the military response.
Suppression of Royalist Insurrection
Bonaparte deploys artillery to defend the Convention and helps defeat the royalist insurrection of 13 Vendemiaire in central Paris.
General
Appointed General of the Division, provisional
General
Appointed General of the Division, provisional
Commander of Army of Interior
Appointed Commander of the Army of the Interior, for saving the Tuileries Palace
Commander of Army of Interior
Appointed Commander of the Army of the Interior
Commander of Army of the Interior
Napoleon became commander in chief of the Army of the Interior after his role in defeating the Vendemiaire uprising.
National Convention Closes
Daunou sees the constitutional framework he helped draft take effect as the National Convention closes and the institutions of the Directory begin operating.
Appointment of Bonaparte
After Vendemiaire, Barras supported Bonaparte's appointment as commander of the Army of the Interior.
Austrian Response Forces Eastern Retreat
Counterattacks by experienced Austrian commanders threatened Jourdan's lines east of the river. His forces eventually withdrew as the offensive lost momentum.
Commission after Vendemiaire
After the Vendemiaire uprising, Tallien joined a five-member commission charged with proposing additional measures for public security.
Election to Council of Ancients
Carnot was elected to the Council of Ancients as the new constitutional system replaced the National Convention.
Election to Council of Ancients
La Revelliere-Lepeaux was elected to the Council of Ancients as the constitutional institutions of the Directory replaced the Convention.
Election to Council of Five Hundred
Nineteen departments elected Sieyes to the Council of Five Hundred, and he chose to represent Sarthe.
Election to Council of Five Hundred
Tallien was elected to the Council of Five Hundred by several departments and continued his legislative career under the Directory.
Institute of France
Carnot became a member of the newly organised Institut de France, reflecting his standing as both a scientist and revolutionary administrator.
November
Battle of Loana
Fights at the Battle of Loana in Italy
Mannheim Fortress Falls to Coalition Forces
The loss of Mannheim undermined French attempts to sustain a foothold on the Rhine. It marked another setback in the unsuccessful campaign of 1795.
Battle of Loano
Andre Massena fought in the French victory at Loano as the Army of Italy broke Austrian and Sardinian positions on the Ligurian coast.
Directory Inherits Fragmented Citizen Militia
The new executive emerged after successive clashes with armed Paris sections. Its leaders treated the political independence of citizen forces as a serious institutional danger.
Election to Directory
Barras was elected one of the five members of the new Executive Directory under the Constitution of Year III.
Election to Directory
Carnot joined the five-member Executive Directory and took responsibility for major military affairs.
How these records were prepared
Generated from the World History Database historical_events table. Identical display records are collapsed; descriptions otherwise retain the stored text. Coverage and source quality vary. Check primary and specialist sources before citing individual historical claims.