Machian Motivation Shapes Einstein Cosmology
Einstein designed his early relativistic cosmology partly around the hope that inertia would be determined by the overall distribution of matter, reflecting his interpretation of Mach's ideas.
Permanent historical records · Updated 2026-11-03
1917 in Germany — Page 4
Explore 140 historical events and records for Germany in 1917.
Historical records for Germany in 1917
Sorted by month and day. Records with no month are shown last. Showing 20 of 140 unique records.
140Unique records
4 of 4Page
20Named events on this page
9Named people on this page
9Places on this page
Other events (month unknown)
Mayor
Appointed Mayor of Cologne
Offensive
The Kerensky Offensive ends after the Russian retreat.
Party Leader
Appointed leader of the Independent Social Democratic Party
Peace
Helps draft the Reichstag Peace Resolution
Peace Mediation
Hopes for President Woodrow Wilson's mediation come to nothing, and, over Bethmann Hollwegs objections, Hindenburg and Ludendorff force the adoption of unrestricted submarine warfare bringing the US into the war in 1917
Prime Minister Path
The offensive failure influences Kerensky's rise to prime minister.
Radiation Equilibrium Connects Quantum Events and Thermodynamics
Einstein united discrete atomic transitions with thermodynamic equilibrium, demonstrating that quantum absorption and emission rules could generate the observed black-body spectrum.
Random Emission Directions Linked to Molecular Motion
Einstein showed that randomly directed quantum emission events contribute to molecular momentum fluctuations and must be balanced statistically in thermal equilibrium.
Riga Offensive
Plans the successful Riga Offensive
Rule of Alsace
Offers to negotiate but Lloyd George supports France in recovering Alsace & Lorraine
Rule of Lorraine
Offers to negotiate but Lloyd George supports France in recovering Alsace & Lorraine
Russian Defeat
The offensive ends with major losses and withdrawal.
Russian Offensive Failure
The offensive fails to achieve its strategic objectives.
Spontaneous Emission Formalized in Quantum Radiation Theory
Einstein's published quantum theory of radiation formalized spontaneous emission as an intrinsically statistical process occurring without an externally applied radiation field.
Static Closed Universe Model Proposed
Einstein applied general relativity to the universe as a whole and proposed a spatially closed, homogeneous model intended to remain static on cosmic scales.
Stimulated Emission Predicted from Thermal Equilibrium
Einstein's equilibrium analysis required an induced emission process in which incident radiation increases the probability that an excited atom emits matching radiation.
Treaty of Brest Litovsk
After the withdrawal of Russia from the war in Ludendorff is a key figure in the Brest Litovsk negotiations
War Speech
Kerensky appeals to soldiers to continue fighting for revolutionary Russia.
Ypres Defence
Ludendorff manages German defence during Third Ypres.
How these records were prepared
Generated from the World History Database historical_events table. Identical display records are collapsed; descriptions otherwise retain the stored text. Coverage and source quality vary. Check primary and specialist sources before citing individual historical claims.