12 January 1945Sends Hopkins Ahead of ConferenceFranklin Delano Roosevelt
Plans for Harry Hopkins to visit Britain before the Malta and Yalta meetings.
Historical records for United States of America in 1945, rendered directly from the World History Database and ordered by month, day and event.
Plans for Harry Hopkins to visit Britain before the Malta and Yalta meetings.
Reports arrangements for Roosevelt and the American party to stay in the Yalta area.
Inaugurated President of the USA
Agrees with Churchill that journalists should not attend the conference sessions in Crimea.
Sends Churchill final travel arrangements for moving from the Malta talks to the Crimea conference.
Reports on the GI massacre by Nazis in "Stars & Stripes"
Y-12 production rises to roughly 204 grams per day of uranium enriched to about eighty percent uranium-235.
Meets Anthony Eden to coordinate diplomatic issues before the delegations continue to Yalta.
The American delegation proposes using the Curzon Line in northern and central sectors while seeking a southern adjustment that would leave Lwow with Poland.
Meets Churchill for lunch aboard USS Quincy before both leaders travel to meet Stalin.
Takes part in the first plenary session, which concentrates on the military situation in Europe.
Reviews proposed action on the United Nations, Germany, Poland, Eastern Europe, Iran and China with advisers.
Meets Churchill and Stalin as the Yalta Conference begins at Livadia Palace.
Attends the opening American Joint Chiefs meeting at Livadia Palace before the first plenary session.
Participates in Joint Chiefs discussion of occupation zones in Germany and Soviet participation against Japan.
Joins the American chiefs in examining military implications of possible Soviet participation in the Pacific war.
Participates in debate over German dismemberment, occupation zones, France and reparations.
Joins military planning on occupation zones, strategic bombing liaison and estimates for the end of the German war.
Participates in staff talks on airfields, strategic bombing and operational liaison with Soviet forces.
Meets Churchill privately for lunch as negotiations over Germany, Poland and the United Nations continue.
Presents the American position on voting procedure in the proposed United Nations Security Council.
Roosevelt tells Stalin at Yalta that he generally favours the Curzon Line but asks whether Poland might retain Lwow or nearby oil-producing territory.
Leads discussion of the American Security Council voting formula during the third plenary meeting.
Requests a secret meeting between American and Soviet chiefs to discuss possible Soviet participation against Japan.
Joins Joint Chiefs discussion of reciprocal arrangements for prisoners liberated by Allied and Soviet armies.
Secures acceptance of the American formula for voting in the future United Nations Security Council.
The United States delegation raises no objection to a Soviet proposal placing Poland's eastern frontier on the Curzon Line with five-to-eight-kilometre adjustments.
Discusses possible international trusteeship arrangements for Korea during his bilateral meeting with Stalin.
Discusses membership, timing and location for the conference that will draft the United Nations Charter.
Discusses air bases, supply routes and strategic cooperation in the Far East with Stalin.
Takes part in secret American-Soviet military talks focused on operational problems in the Far East.
Helps settle plans for the United Nations conference to open in the United States on 25 April.
Supports a declaration committing the Allies to consultation and democratic political processes in liberated Europe.
Reviews proposed trusteeship arrangements for mandates, former enemy territories and territories voluntarily placed under trusteeship.
Takes part in tripartite work on an agreement for liberated prisoners of war and civilians.
Reviews unresolved questions concerning Poland, reparations, the United Nations, Iran and Yugoslavia.
Continues staff discussion with Soviet officers on air cooperation, facilities and operational liaison.
Joins agreement on a statement linking Poland's eastern frontier to the Curzon Line with adjustments.
Joins Churchill and Stalin in approving the Declaration on Liberated Europe.
Works with Eden and Molotov on invitations and preparations for the United Nations conference.
Asks Stalin and Churchill to support additional American votes if the United States later seeks them in the General Assembly.
Suggests changes to Stalin's draft political conditions for Soviet entry into the Pacific war.
Agrees that the conference to draft the United Nations Charter will open in the United States on 25 April.
Supports the Declaration on Liberated Europe, which commits the Allies to democratic political processes in liberated states.
Reviews final protocol language on the United Nations, Iran, Yugoslavia and the Turkish Straits.
Records final plenary revisions to the communiqué and conference protocol.
Signs the protocol establishing principles and machinery for German reparations.
Signs the American-Soviet agreement governing the care and repatriation of liberated prisoners and civilians.
Signs the secret agreement setting conditions for Soviet entry into the war against Japan.
Signs the conference Protocol of Proceedings for the United States.
A senior design meeting fixes the plutonium bomb approach around a solid core, explosive lenses, electric detonators and a modulated neutron initiator.
The Allies capture the Remagen Bridge, still intact, just South of Bonn
Commands Combat Command B of the US 9th Armored Div which captures the Remagen bridge
On March 11, Roosevelt responded to Churchill, writing, "I most certainly agree that we must stand firm on a correct interpretation of the Crimean decision.
Replies that the United States should insist on a genuine implementation of the Yalta agreement concerning Poland.
Roosevelt assured Congress that "I come from the Crimea with a firm belief that we have made a start on the road to a world of peace." However, the Western Powers soon realized that Stalin would not honour his promise of free elections for Poland.
K-25 begins production of enriched uranium using gaseous diffusion.
Patton crosses the Rhine at Oppenheim
Roosevelts Ambassador to the USSR Averell Harriman cabled Roosevelt that "we must come clearly to realize that the Soviet program is the establishment of totalitarianism, ending personal liberty and democracy as we know it." Two days later, Roosevelt began to admit that his view of Stalin had been excessively optimistic and that "Averell is right."
US troops in Germany cross the River Rhine at Nierstein & Oppenheim
The 3rd Army crosses the Rhine & establishes its 1st bridgehead
The 3rd Army crosses the Rhine & establishes its 1st bridgehead
Signs a letter drafted by Leo Szilard seeking a presidential meeting on nuclear policy; Roosevelt dies before receiving it.
Crosses the Rhine at Worms
Begins landing forces on the island of Okinawa, involves 550,000
The Japanese fortified HQ at Okinawa is discovered
Appointed Commander of the Army forces against Japan
Kistiakowsky reports that sub-scale tests have achieved the desired symmetrical compression for the implosion system.
Death of Theodore Roosevelt
Visits the liberated Ohrdruf concentration camp and urges extensive documentation of Nazi atrocities.
Appointed President of the USA, 33rd President, 1st term
Truman learns of the secret atomic-bomb development programme from Secretary of War Henry Stimson shortly after becoming president.
Hodges is promoted to general making him only the second man, behind Walter Krueger, to rise to full General from enlisted private
Hodges is promoted to general making him only the second man, behind Walter Krueger, to rise to full General from enlisted private
Ordered to bring his forces to halt, might have reached Berlin before the Soviets
Liberates Buchenwald concentration camp
Enters Czechoslovakia & liberates Prague
Orders a counterattack which fails & loses 1,000 casualties
The US & Soviet troops meet Leckwitz & Torgau on the River Elbe
The Target Committee holds its first meeting to evaluate potential Japanese targets and the military conditions for atomic-bomb use.
Secures a bridgehead over the Elbe, 60 miles west of Berlin
Captures Munich
Planned & commanded the capture of Germany until VE-Day
A Raytheon Mark II X-Unit arrives for testing as part of the electrical firing system for the implosion bomb.
Elements of the 3rd Army reach Czech
Elements of the 3rd Army reach Czech
Germany's unconditional surrender ends organised German resistance in Europe.
Accepts the unconditional surrender of the Germans
The Trinity team detonates about 108 tons of TNT containing reactor fission products to calibrate instruments for the coming nuclear test.
The day that marks victory in Europe for the Allies in World War II, the defining events were the Germans unconditional surrender Eisenhower at Rheims, France, and to the Soviets in Berlin on May 7, President Truman announces victory at 9 AM
The day that marks victory in Europe for the Allies in World War II, the defining events were the Germans unconditional surrender Eisenhower at Rheims, France, and to the Soviets in Berlin on May 7, President Truman announces victory at 9 AM. Makes the announcement of Allied victory over the Axis powers in Europe at 3 PM
Germany's final surrender instrument confirms the termination of organised military resistance.
Present when Generalfeldmarschall Wilhelm Keitel signs the final German Instrument of Surrender entering into force at 23:01 Central European Time
Second meeting of the Target Committee, at Los Alamos, which works to finalize the list of cities on which atomic bombs may be dropped
Second meeting of the Target Committee, at Los Alamos, which works to finalize the list of cities on which atomic bombs may be dropped
Second meeting of the Target Committee, at Los Alamos, which works to finalize the list of cities on which atomic bombs may be dropped
Second meeting of the Target Committee, at Los Alamos, which works to finalize the list of cities on which atomic bombs may be dropped
Stimson rules out Kyoto as an atomic-bomb target because of its cultural and historical importance.
Attacks the "Shuri line"
Appointed Military Govrernor of Bavaria
Appointed Military Govrernor of Bavaria
Becomes Military Governor of the United States occupation zone in Germany after the German surrender.
Responsible for ordering the occupation of the US controlled part of Germany
The Interim Committee recommends using the atomic bomb against Japan as soon as possible, on a military-industrial target and without prior warning.
The Allied Control Commission administers Germany after its occupation by the Allies
USA., Britain, Russia & France declare supreme authority over Germany
Aircrews of the 509th Composite Group begin arriving on Tinian with specially modified B-29 aircraft.
Groves forwards the Manhattan Project target group's recommendations to General George C. Marshall.
The Interim Committee's Scientific Panel reports that it sees no technical demonstration likely to end the war and no acceptable alternative to direct military use.
The US forces divide the Japanese garrison into 3 encircled pockets. Makes a broadcast asking the Japanese at Okinawa to surender
Killed while inspecting the Eighth Marines
Death of Bolivar Buckner at the Battle of Okinawa while inspecting the Eighth Marines
Witnesses the signing of the charter of the United Nations
Witnesses the signing of the charter of the United Nations
Witnesses the signing of the charter of the United Nations. Calls the United Nations "a great instrument for peace & security & human progress in the world"
Parsons meets with Groves and Oppenheimer to finalise arrangements for delivering atomic weapons to the Pacific theatre.
The Allies prepare for the land invasion of Japan, the plan is scrapped
Casting of the uranium-235 projectile component for Little Boy is completed.
Casting of the high-explosive lens components intended for the Trinity device is completed.
Assembly of the Trinity device, known as Gadget, begins as components are prepared for transfer to the test tower.
Gadget is hoisted to the top of the 100-foot Trinity test tower and its detonators are installed and connected.
Little Boy bomb units and the uranium projectile leave San Francisco aboard USS Indianapolis for Tinian.
The first nuclear explosion, the "Trinity" test of an implosion-style plutonium-based nuclear weapon known as "the gadget", near Alamogordo, New Mexico
General Carl Spaatz is ordered to bomb one of the targets: Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata, or Nagasaki as soon as weather permitted, some time after August 3
General Carl Spaatz is ordered to bomb one of the targets: Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata, or Nagasaki as soon as weather permitted, some time after August 3
General Carl Spaatz is ordered to bomb one of the targets: Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata, or Nagasaki as soon as weather permitted, some time after August 3
The joint work of the scientists at Los Alamos resulted in the first artificial nuclear explosion near Alamogordo on July 16, 1945, the site of which Oppenheimer named "Trinity". The first nuclear explosion, the "Trinity" test of an implosion-style plutonium-based nuclear weapon known as "the gadget", near Alamogordo, New Mexico
The first nuclear explosion, the "Trinity" test of an implosion-style plutonium-based nuclear weapon known as "the gadget", near Alamogordo, New Mexico
With Allied leaders in Potsdam when he hears news of the succesful test explosion
The first nuclear explosion, the "Trinity" test of an implosion-style plutonium-based nuclear weapon known as "the gadget", near Alamogordo, New Mexico
The joint work of the scientists at Los Alamos resulted in the first artificial nuclear explosion near Alamogordo on July 16, 1945, the site of which Oppenheimer named "Trinity". The first nuclear explosion, the "Trinity" test of an implosion-style plutonium-based nuclear weapon known as "the gadget", near Alamogordo, New Mexico
The first nuclear explosion, the "Trinity" test of an implosion-style plutonium-based nuclear weapon known as "the gadget", near Alamogordo, New Mexico
General Carl Spaatz is ordered to bomb one of the targets: Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata, or Nagasaki as soon as weather permitted, some time after August 3
General Carl Spaatz is ordered to bomb one of the targets: Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata, or Nagasaki as soon as weather permitted, some time after August 3
General Carl Spaatz is ordered to bomb one of the targets: Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata, or Nagasaki as soon as weather permitted, some time after August 3
General Carl Spaatz is ordered to bomb one of the targets: Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata, or Nagasaki as soon as weather permitted, some time after August 3
Witnesses the test nuclear explosion & says, "the war is over"
The first nuclear explosion, the "Trinity" test of an implosion-style plutonium-based nuclear weapon known as "the gadget", near Alamogordo, New Mexico
The United States conducts the Trinity test, the first detonation of a nuclear explosive device.
Soviet power in Eastern Europe is recognized. Polands western frontier will follow the Oder-Neisse line. Germany will divided into 4 zones. Churchill, Stalin & Truman agree the map for post war Europe
President Harry S. Truman discloses to Soviet leader Joseph Stalin that the United States has atomic weapons, Stalin feigns little surprise; he already knows this through espionage
Groves drafts the directive authorising atomic attacks when bomb availability and weather permit, listing Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata and Nagasaki.
Decides to drop the A-bomb on Hiroshima
USA, Britain & Nationalist China calls for unconditional Japanese surrender. The US, Britain & Nationalist China calls for unconditional Japanese surrender
President Harry S. Truman discloses to Soviet leader Joseph Stalin that the United States has atomic weapons, Stalin feigns little surprise; he already knows this through espionage
President Harry S. Truman discloses to Soviet leader Joseph Stalin that the United States has atomic weapons, Stalin feigns little surprise; he already knows this through espionage
The Japanese have to choose "utter devastation or unconditional surrender"
Final assembly of Little Boy is completed on Tinian and the weapon is ready for combat use.
Fat Man bomb cases arrive on Tinian and assembly of the plutonium implosion weapon begins.
"Little Boy" is loaded onto the Enola Gay
Tibbets names B-29 number 82 Enola Gay and receives final confirmation for the Hiroshima mission scheduled for the next day.
A co-pilot on the Enola gay which drops the "little boy" a-bomb on Hiroshima
"Little Boy", a gun-type uranium-235 weapon, is used against the city of Hiroshima, Japan
"Little Boy", a gun-type uranium-235 weapon, is used against the city of Hiroshima, Japan
Commands US strategic air forces using the uranium weapon.
Flies the "Enola Gay" which drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima
Pilots Enola Gay during the uranium bomb attack.
"Little Boy", a gun-type uranium-235 weapon, is used against the city of Hiroshima, Japan
Authorises the use of atomic weapons against Japan.
The United States drops an atomic bomb on Hiroshima, the first wartime use of a nuclear weapon.
Measures effects from the uranium bomb mission.
Arms the uranium weapon used at Hiroshima.
"Little Boy", a gun-type uranium-235 weapon, is used against the city of Hiroshima, Japan
"Little Boy", a gun-type uranium-235 weapon, is used against the city of Hiroshima, Japan
"Little Boy", a gun-type uranium-235 weapon, is used against the city of Hiroshima, Japan
"Fat Man", an implosion-type plutonium-239 weapon, is used against the city of Nagasaki, Japan
The USA drops the atomic bomb on Nagasaki
"Fat Man", an implosion-type plutonium-239 weapon, is used against the city of Nagasaki, Japan
"Fat Man", an implosion-type plutonium-239 weapon, is used against the city of Nagasaki, Japan
"Fat Man", an implosion-type plutonium-239 weapon, is used against the city of Nagasaki, Japan
"Fat Man", an implosion-type plutonium-239 weapon, is used against the city of Nagasaki, Japan
The United States drops a second atomic bomb on Nagasaki three days after Hiroshima.
Truman orders that no additional atomic bombs be used without further presidential authority.
General Leslie Groves had commissioned Smyth to write the Report at Los Alamos during the Manhattan Project
The Smyth Report was the common name given to an administrative history written by physicist Henry DeWolf Smyth about the Allied World War II effort to develop the atomic bomb, the Manhattan Project
The Smyth Report was the common name given to an administrative history written by physicist Henry DeWolf Smyth about the Allied World War II effort to develop the atomic bomb, the Manhattan Project
General Leslie Groves had commissioned Smyth to write the Report at Los Alamos during the Manhattan Project
The Smyth Report is released to the public, giving the first technical history of the development of the first atomic bombs
General Leslie Groves had commissioned Smyth to write the Report at Los Alamos during the Manhattan Project
The Smyth Report was the common name given to an administrative history written by physicist Henry DeWolf Smyth about the Allied World War II effort to develop the atomic bomb, the Manhattan Project
The Smyth Report was the common name given to an administrative history written by physicist Henry DeWolf Smyth about the Allied World War II effort to develop the atomic bomb, the Manhattan Project
General Leslie Groves had commissioned Smyth to write the Report at Los Alamos during the Manhattan Project
The Smyth Report is released to the public, giving the first technical history of the development of the first atomic bombs
The Smyth Report was the common name given to an administrative history written by physicist Henry DeWolf Smyth about the Allied World War II effort to develop the atomic bomb, the Manhattan Project. The Smyth Report is released to the public, giving the first technical history of the development of the first atomic bombs
The Smyth Report is released to the public, giving the first technical history of the development of the first atomic bombs
MacArthur begins implementing procedures for Japan's cessation of hostilities and formal surrender.
The United States announces Japan's unconditional surrender and the end of major Pacific hostilities.
Appointed Supreme Commander for Allied Powers
Inititiates action with Japan for the cessation of hostilities
Announces the unconditional surrender of Japan
Oppenheimer warns Stimson that atomic weapons will improve, defenses will remain inadequate, and the United States cannot expect a permanent nuclear monopoly.
MacArthur's arrival establishes the Allied command presence that will oversee Japan's formal surrender and occupation.
Arrives by plane at Atsugi airodrome to take the formal surrender of Japan
MacArthur formally receives Japan's capitulation on behalf of the Allied powers.
Formally accepts the surrender of Japan on the aircraft-carrier Missouri
Instructs the creation of an international war tribunal to try Japanese war criminals
Death of Peter Dewey, 1st American to die in Vietnam
Oppenheimer resigns as director of Los Alamos, and is succeeded by Norris Bradbury
Oppenheimer resigns as director of Los Alamos, and is succeeded by Norris Bradbury
Oppenheimer resigns as director of Los Alamos, and is succeeded by Norris Bradbury
Oppenheimer resigns as director of Los Alamos, and is succeeded by Norris Bradbury
Lee entered first grade in the Benbrook Common School on October 31, 1945, with school records showing an incorrect birth date.
Appointed Commander of the 15th Army
Appointed Commander of the 15th Army
Designated Chief of Staff of the United States Army.
Truman appoints General Marshall special representitive to China
Death of George Smith Patton
Buried among the soldiers who died in the Battle of the Bulger
Appointed Member of Allied Control Commission
Appointed Member of Allied Control Commission
Initial Member of Allied Control Commission over Germany
Appointed US Ambassador of China
Appointed US Ambassador of China
Appointed Associate Justice in the US Supreme Court
President Truman cables Stimson authorizing the bombing of Hiroshima. Argues that by dropping the bomb 100,000 American lives will be saved
Shaw received the Bronze Star for his service in the United States Army during the Second World War.
Captures the Bridge across the Rhine at Remagen
Combat Command B of the US 9th Armored Division captures the bridge at Remagen. 1st Allied bridgehead over the Rhine
Appointed Commander of the US 4th Armoured Division
Appointed Commander of the US 4th Armoured Division
Dulles participated in the San Francisco Conference as an adviser to Arthur H. Vandenberg and helped draft the preamble to the United Nations Charter
Granted extraordinary powers in Japan which he uses as a benevolent dictator. Draws up a new constitution for Japan
France awarded Shaw the Croix de Guerre for his wartime military service.
Helps identify curium among transuranium elements.
Dismissed for disagreeing with Allied occupation policies
Introduces phase stability for cyclic accelerators, making high-energy electron synchrotrons practical.
The First Army is the first unit to cross the Rhine River, by using the still standing Ludendorff bridge at Remagen, and to meet with the Soviet Red Army near Torgau, on the river Elbe
Appointed General
Appointed General
Publication of "Glory For Me"
Publication of "Glory For Me"
Decides to leave Berlin to the Russians
Stops at the Elbe & turns to the Alps where he beleives Hitler is forming a redoubt
The First Army is the first unit to cross the Rhine River, by using the still standing Ludendorff bridge at Remagen, and to meet with the Soviet Red Army near Torgau, on the river Elbe
By the end of the yr 50,000 marines are in Korea
Shaw received the Legion of Merit for his United States Army service during the Second World War.
Marries Artie Shaw
By the end of the yr 50,000 marines are in Korea
Signs up to the Blue Book Model Agency
The US establishes a naval base at Tsingtao
Directs The Picture of Dorian Gray
Attends Piedmont High School before later transferring to Oakland Technical High School.
After the atomic bombings, speaks publicly about the political and ethical dangers of nuclear weapons.
Before the end of the Second World War, Shaw was promoted to the rank of major.
MIT Radiation Laboratory radar work becomes a major wartime scientific achievement.
The First Army is the first unit to cross the Rhine River, by using the still standing Ludendorff bridge at Remagen, and to meet with the Soviet Red Army near Torgau, on the river Elbe
Urges international control of atomic power
Japanese forces in the Ryukyu Islands cease organised resistance and pass into Allied control.
Appointed Secretary of State
Appointed Secretary of State for Commerce
Reopens the Ledo Road into China, it is renamed the Stilwell Road
Ruby contributed $1,100 toward the lease of the Singapore Supper Club, the Dallas nightclub his sister Eva Grant was preparing to operate.
Receives the surrender of the Japanese in the Rikuyu Islands
The US establishes a naval base at Tsingtao
Appointed Under Secretary of State
"Fat Man", an implosion-type plutonium-239 weapon, is used against the city of Nagasaki, Japan
"Fat Man", an implosion-type plutonium-239 weapon, is used against the city of Nagasaki, Japan
"Fat Man", an implosion-type plutonium-239 weapon, is used against the city of Nagasaki, Japan
This page is generated from stored World History Database records matching the exact country and year shown above. Exact duplicate display records are collapsed. Records without a month are listed after the monthly sections. Source provenance varies by record; formal academic citation should be checked against the relevant primary source, archive or specialist historical reference.