April 16 in History

At Easter, Athelstan granted twelve hides at Odstock to his minister Byrhtferth.

Summoned by Edward I to meet him to settle the Scottish succession

Summoned by Edward I to meet him to settle the Scottish succession

Summoned by Edward I to meet him to settle the Scottish succession

At a Great Council meeting Beaufort announces Henry V has decided to invade France

King Edward had learned of Margarets landing only two days after she arrived. Although he had given many of his supporters and troops leave after the victory at Barnet, he was rapidly able to muster a substantial force at Windsor, just west of London

Princes are not allowed to decide the religious allegiance of their states. At the 2nd Diet of Speyer the Imperial decree of the 1st Diet is repealed

Baptised in the church of St. Michael le Belfrey

Sets sail for Jersey from the Scilly Isles on the Proud Black Eagle

Prussia captures Schweidnitz

Appointed Prime Minister of Great Britain

Reform for Roman Catholic subjects receives Royal assent

Arrives in Dover to begin a state visit of Britain.

Signs rules affecting privateering and maritime war.

A new constitution lengthened the presidential term and strengthened executive authority.

Bismarck accepts French mediation after Königgrätz while insisting upon Prussia's essential terms.

Becomes a leading figure in Japan's new Progressive Party.

Helps found the Rikken Kaishinto constitutional party.

Appointed President of South Africa

August Strindbergs "Hemsoborna" premiered in Copenhagen

Appointed acting President of Ecuador

Appointed Chairman of the Council of Minister's, 1st term

Nicholas II responds to pressure from conservatives & dismisses Witte

Nicholas II accepts Witte's resignation under conservative pressure.

Resigns as chairman of the Council of Ministers.

Kerensky develops his views through army reform after 1917.

A German Treaty is signed in Italy, recognizes the Soviet Union

Plays a leading Foreign Office role in the German-Soviet negotiations that produce the Treaty of Rapallo.

Signs the Treaty of Rapallo, restoring German-Soviet diplomatic relations and mutually renouncing war-related financial claims.

Signs the Treaty of Rapallo alongside Foreign Minister Rathenau, restoring diplomatic relations with Soviet Russia.

A German Treaty is signed in Italy, recognizes the Soviet Union

Italy agrees to withdraw from the Spanish Civil War. Britain & Italy make a pact recognizing Italian rule in Ethiopia

Appointed Foreign Minister

Italy agrees to withdraw troops from Spain. Britain recognizes the King of Italy as Emperor of Ethiopia

Mussolini incorporates Albania into the Italian sphere under the Savoy crown

Succeeds as the King of Albania after the Italian occupation

Victor Emmanuel III accepts the Albanian crown under Italian occupation

Succeeds as the King of Albania after the Italian occupation

The Allied Expeditionary Force lands at Namsos

The Red Army start the Battle of Berlin by attacking German front line positions on the rivers Oder and Neisse

The Red Army start the Battle of Berlin by attacking German front line positions on the rivers Oder and Neisse

Delivers the Chance for Peace address, calling for reduced international tensions and warning about the economic burden of armaments.

A New York judge declared Oswald a truant on April 16, 1953, and remanded him to Youth House for psychiatric study.

Cabell goes to Rusk with Bissell to challenge cancellation of the planned D-Day air strikes.

Cancels or limits further overt air strikes before the landing phase of the operation

Supports caution over additional air strikes because of diplomatic and deniability concerns

Bissell joins Cabell in arguing that cancellation of the dawn strikes leaves Castro's remaining aircraft able to attack the brigade.

Bundy informs Cabell that dawn air strikes are not to proceed until they can be launched from the beachhead.

Martinez escapes into the countryside after the Las Delicias uprising is defeated.

Merardo Leon, Jose Leon, and 14 others staged an armed uprising at Las Delicias Estate in Las Villas, with only four surviving. Leonel Martinez and three others took to the countryside

Merardo Leon, Jose Leon, and 14 others staged an armed uprising at Las Delicias Estate in Las Villas, with only four surviving. Leonel Martinez and three others took to the countryside

Merardo Leon, Jose Leon, and 14 others staged an armed uprising at Las Delicias Estate in Las Villas, with only four surviving. Leonel Martinez and three others took to the countryside

Bundy confirms that no presidential diversion order has been issued, allowing the landing operation to proceed.

Merardo Leon participates in the armed uprising at Las Delicias.

Jose Leon joins an armed anti-Castro uprising at the Las Delicias estate.

Rusk explains the political reasons preventing the planned dawn strikes before the beachhead airfield is secured.

Cronkite succeeds Douglas Edward's as anchorman of the CBS Evening News, a job in which he became an American icon

Texas employment officials denied Lee's unemployment claim because he lacked sufficient wage credits.

King completes his defence of nonviolent direct action while imprisoned in Birmingham.

Writes Letter from Birmingham Jail, defending nonviolent civil disobedience against unjust laws.

CIA established a Research and Development Review Board to coordinate scientific and technical programs across Agency components during McCone's reorganization.

The Rolling Stones release their debut UK album.

Begins recording, "Something"

Works in simulators on command module power-up procedures.

The main round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks opens in Vienna

Pilots Casper during transposition and docking with lunar module Orion after launch.

Commands Apollo 16, the fifth crewed lunar landing mission.

US bombers attack Hanoi, 1st raid on a North Vietnamese city by the US since 1968

Issues a subpoena seeking sixty-four additional White House recordings for the Watergate grand jury and criminal prosecution.

Is appointed Vice President of Egypt by President Anwar Sadat.

Defines rules of engagement as self-defense under United Nations Charter Article 41

Najibullah announces his resignation as government authority collapses and opposition forces approach Kabul.

In Israel 20 soldiers and civilians are injured in Hamass first suicide attack against Israelis

Oversees implementation of the Security Council's safe-area policy.

Welcomes United Nations protection for Srebrenica's civilian population.

In Israel 20 soldiers and civilians are injured in Hamass first suicide attack against Israelis

I participates in regional diplomacy connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Participates as ten accession countries sign their treaties during the Greek Presidency.

Hosts an informal European Council during the Greek Presidency as leaders discuss the future of Europe.

Fenech Adami heads Malta's government as the country concludes its accession treaty with the European Union.

Ahern represents Ireland as the Athens agreement prepares ten candidate countries for Union membership.

Aznar represents Spain as the Union signs accession terms with ten Central European and Mediterranean states.

Balkenende represents the Netherlands in the Union's formal agreement for the ten-state enlargement.

Barroso represents Portugal when the Union signs the treaty admitting ten countries in the following year.

Berlusconi represents Italy when the accession treaty for the ten-state enlargement is concluded.

Blair represents Britain when the Athens treaty completes the accession framework for ten incoming states.

Brazauskas leads Lithuania when the Athens treaty completes the legal framework for Lithuanian accession.

Chirac backs France's participation in the treaty opening the final route to the 2004 enlargement.

Dzurinda heads Slovakia as the accession treaty establishes the final legal basis for Slovak membership.

Juncker represents Luxembourg as the Union concludes the accession agreement with ten candidate countries.

Lipponen represents Finland at the Athens settlement concluding accession negotiations with ten applicants.

Medgyessy leads Hungary at the Athens ceremony establishing the treaty basis for Hungarian membership.

Miller leads Poland as the accession treaty fixes the terms under which Poland will enter the European Union.

Papadopoulos leads Cyprus at the Athens signing that sets the legal terms for Cypriot EU membership.

Parts leads Estonia when the Athens treaty formally sets the terms for Estonian accession.

Persson backs Sweden's participation in the treaty enabling the European Union's major 2004 enlargement.

Rasmussen backs Denmark's approval of the Athens enlargement settlement with the ten candidate states.

Repse heads Latvia's government as the country signs its accession settlement at Athens.

Rop leads Slovenia during the Athens treaty ceremony completing Slovenia's membership negotiations.

Schroder represents Germany as the Union completes the treaty framework for its eastward enlargement.

Schussel backs Austria's participation in the Athens treaty settlement preparing the 2004 expansion.

Simitis hosts the Athens ceremony as Greece holds the Council Presidency during the historic enlargement agreement.

Spidla leads the Czech government at the treaty ceremony setting the country's path to membership in May 2004.

Verhofstadt represents Belgium as the Union signs the Athens treaty admitting ten new member states.

Scores four times in Arsenal's 5-0 league victory over Leeds United during the unbeaten title campaign.

JP Morgan profits dive 50 per cent

Announces the expropriation of a controlling stake in YPF from Repsol

Welcomes another exchange that returns Ukrainians held in the occupied parts of Donbas.

Announces phased guidelines for reopening the U.S. economy.

Leads the discovery of Gaia BH3, a dormant roughly 33-solar-mass stellar black hole in the Milky Way identified through Gaia astrometry.

Signs legislation intended to strengthen mobilization for Ukraine's armed forces.

Death of Frederick I Duke of Austria (Babenberg), the son of Duke Leopold V of Austria and Helena of Hungary

Birth of George Charles Binghan

Birth of Charlie Chaplin

Kingsley Amis, novelist and poet, is born

Birth of Benedict XVI, Joseph Alois Ratzinger

Birth of Dusty Springfield

Birth of Lee Kirslake

Death of George Villiers

Dies and is buried in Westminster Abbey

Withdraws to Bavaria but is injured holding to crossings of the River Lech

Cut down by the English dragoons and killed on the spot

In 40 minutes 20% of the 5,000 Highland army is killed, Cumberland loses 50 from 9,000. Ends the Stuart efforts to regain the British throne, the last land Battle in Britain

The Hanoverian victory at Culloden halted the Jacobite intent to overthrow the House of Hanover and restore the House of Stuart to the British throne; Charles Stuart never again tried to challenge Hanoverian power in Great Britain.

The Jacobite forces of Charles Edward Stuart are decisively defeated by Hanoverian forces commanded by William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland.

The conflict was the last pitched battle fought on British soil.

The final confrontation of the Jacobite rising of 1745.

The last land Battle in Britain. In 40 minutes 20% of the 5,000 Highland army is killed, Cumberland loses 50 from 9,000. Charles & Murray attempt to surprise Cumberland but the Stuarts are defeated

Present at the Battle of Culloden

Defeated by the Dutch on his way to attack the Dutch colony of Cape of Good Hope

Plans to use 27 French Divisions but his plans are intercepted & the Allies advance 4 miles

The Red Army start the Battle of Berlin by attacking German front line positions on the rivers Oder and Neisse

Weidling prepared to take part in the Battle of the Seelow Heights, which was part of the broader Battle of the Oder-Neisse. Weidlings LVI Panzer Corps was in the centre, flanked by the CI Army Corps to his left and the XI SS Panzer Corps to his right. All three corps were part of General Theodor Busses 9th Army, which was defending the heights above the River Oder