Succession
Invests his son Romulus Augustulus with the purple
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On this date in world history
October 31 in History
This permanent archive page contains 190 World History Database records for October 31, spanning 475 to 2024. Recorded topics include Succession; Death of Robert of Gloucester; Dictum of Kenilworth.
Total: 190Events: 169Births: 3Deaths: 6Battles: 12Countries: 27
Events on October 31
Dictum of Kenilworth
A dictum reverses the forfeiture of the defeated rebels if they pay a fine
Succession
The Dauphin is declared Charles VII
95 Theses
The 95 Theses which spread over most of Europe within 1 yr are provoked by the sale of Papal indulgences by the Archbishop of Mainz. Luther nails a list of 95 theses attacking use of indulgences on the Church door at Wittemberg. Disagrees with selling remissions for sins. Triggers off the Reformation
Indulgence Controversy
His territory becomes the setting for Luther's challenge to indulgences.
Plenitudo Potestatis
Disagrees with selling remissions for sins.
Plenitudo Potestatis
Luther expresses doubts over the legitimacy of indulgences and the Plenitudo Potestatis of the Pope.
Plenitudo Potestatis
Luther nails a list of 95 theses attacking use of indulgences on the Church door at Wittemberg.
Plenitudo Potestatis
Luther protests against the corruption in Rome & Germany.
Plenitudo Potestatis
The 95 Theses which spread over most of Europe within 1 yr are provoked by the sale of Papal indulgences by the Archbishop of Mainz.
Reformation, The
Disagrees with selling remissions for sins.
Reformation, The
Luther expresses doubts over the legitimacy of indulgences and the Plenitudo Potestatis of the Pope.
Reformation, The
Luther nails a list of 95 theses attacking use of indulgences on the Church door at Wittemberg.
Reformation, The
Luther protests against the corruption in Rome & Germany.
Reformation, The
The 95 Theses which spread over most of Europe within 1 yr are provoked by the sale of Papal indulgences by the Archbishop of Mainz.
Reformation, The
The 95 Theses which spread over most of Europe within 1 yr are provoked by the sale of Papal indulgences by the Archbishop of Mainz. Luther nails a list of 95 theses attacking use of indulgences on the Church door at Wittemberg. Disagrees with selling remissions for sins
Reformation, The
The 95 Theses which spread over most of Europe within 1 yr are provoked by the sale of Papal indulgences by the Archbishop of Mainz. Luther nails a list of 95 theses attacking use of indulgences on the Church door at Wittemberg. Disagrees with selling remissions for sins. Triggers off the Reformation
Arrest of Conde
Louis Prince of Conde is arrested on suspicion of leading the Amboise conspiracy
Arrest of Louis I de Bourbon
Louis Prince of Conde is arrested on suspicion of leading the Amboise conspiracy
Trial
Sentenced to death for his part in the Conspiracy of Amboise
President of Legislative Assembly
Vergniaud became president of the Legislative Assembly during disputes over emigres and royal authority.
Execution of Jacques Pierre Brissot
The Revolutionary Tribunal condemned Brissot with fellow Girondins, and he went to the guillotine in Paris.
Sinking of USS Philadelphia
The crew is imprisoned by the Pasha, released after a ransom payment
Sinking of USS Philadelphia
Stops the Philadelphia from becoming a pirate ship. Destroys the Philadelphia in Tripoli harbour after capture by Pasha Yusuf
Sinking of USS Philadelphia - Decatur Raid
Decatur entered Tripoli harbour aboard Intrepid and burned USS Philadelphia on 16 February 1804 to deny her to Tripolitan forces.
Sinking of USS Philadelphia - Tripoli Capture
USS Philadelphia grounded off Tripoli on 31 October 1803 and was captured; the frigate was later burned by Decatur's raiding party in February 1804.
Birmingham Borough
Birmingham receives a charter of incorporation, creating its municipal borough.
End of First Charles Rogier Government
The First Charles Rogier Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as head of the Belgian government.
Henri de Brouckere Government
Begins the Henri de Brouckere Government in Brussels and serves as head of the Belgian government.
Claims continental powers discussed exploiting Britain's Boer War difficulties
Claims continental powers discussed exploiting Britain's Boer War difficulties.
Second Motor Abandoned
The second motor sledge fails, forcing Lashly and his companions to continue by man-hauling.
Second Motor Sledge Failure
The second motor sledge fails the following day. The four men reorganise their loads and continue south, pulling a single sledge carrying about 740 pounds of supplies.
Casa Mila Completion
Certifies completion of Casa Mila, also known as La Pedrera, his final major civil building.
German Breakthrough at Gheluvelt Contained
French's BEF survives a major crisis around Gheluvelt as reserves restore the line east of Ypres.
HMS Hermes Sinking
The loss of HMS Hermes to a German submarine highlights the danger facing ships supporting naval aviation operations.
Ninth Army
The Germans were unfamiliar with the land and unable to bring sufficient reinforcements to the Ninth Army, allowing Ruzsky to concentrate his front against Mackensen. On October 17, Hindenburg orders a retreat, and by the 31st the battle is over
Ninth Army
The Germans were unfamiliar with the land and unable to bring sufficient reinforcements to the Ninth Army, allowing Ruzsky to concentrate his front against Mackensen. On October 17, Hindenburg orders a retreat, and by the 31st the battle is over
Siege of Warsaw
The Germans were unfamiliar with the land and unable to bring sufficient reinforcements to the Ninth Army, allowing Ruzsky to concentrate his front against Mackensen. On October 17, Hindenburg orders a retreat, and by the 31st the battle is over
Australian Light Horse Charge
The Australian Light Horse charge helps secure Beersheba during Allenby's offensive.
Beersheba Breakthrough
The capture of Beersheba breaks the Gaza deadlock and turns the Ottoman flank.
Beersheba Desert Manoeuvre
Uses a wide desert manoeuvre to outflank the heavily defended Gaza position.
Beersheba Main Attack
Launches the main offensive against Beersheba after misleading Ottoman defenders near Gaza.
Beersheba Mounted Assault
Employs British Empire mounted forces effectively in the attack on Beersheba.
Beersheba Mounted Attack Ordered
Chauvel orders mounted forces to secure Beersheba before darkness threatens the water supply.
Capture of Beersheba
Attacks the Turks, Beersheba is captured & 2,000 Turkish troops taken prisoner
Fourth Light Horse Brigade Charges Beersheba
Grant leads the 4th Light Horse Brigade in the mounted charge that breaks into Beersheba.
Kerensky-Krasnov Rising
The attempted counterattack collapses after Cossack support fails.
Kerensky-Krasnov Rising
The Petrograd Soviet strengthens its military organisation after the failure of the Kerensky-Krasnov advance.
Tel el Saba Captured before Beersheba Charge
Chaytor's division captures Tel el Saba, helping open the eastern approach to Beersheba.
Constitution of Austria
Adler helps form a new National Assembly to establish a republican Austria
National Assembly
Adler helps form a new National Assembly to establish a republican Austria
Ottoman Armistice Consequences Reviewed
Reviews the strategic consequences of the Ottoman withdrawal from the war.
Constitution of Afghanistan
Nadir Shah promulgates a constitution combining royal authority with a national council.
Invasion Threat Reduced
Continues invasion precautions as the immediate German landing threat declines.
Benbrook First Grade Admission
Lee entered first grade in the Benbrook Common School on October 31, 1945, with school records showing an incorrect birth date.
China Youth Anti-Communist National Salvation Corps
Becomes chairman of the newly established China Youth Anti-Communist National Salvation Corps.
Nationalization of Mines
Paz Estenssoro nationalises the major tin-mining groups and transfers them to state control.
Tin Mine Nationalization
The MNR government nationalises the major tin mines and creates COMIBOL
Marriage
Decides not to marry Peter Townsend
77th Division Activated on Northern Axis
Laskov's 77th Division begins its offensive on the northern Sinai axis during the night.
Abu Ageila Armour Breakthrough
Ben-Ari's armoured forces help break through Egyptian positions in the Abu Ageila sector.
Air Attack
Orders air attacks on Egypt after Nasser rejects the Anglo-French ultimatum
Air Attack
Egypt comes under British and French air attack after rejecting the ultimatum.
Air Liaison Missions Support Kadesh
Israeli aircraft under Tolkowsky perform liaison missions between widely separated forces during Operation Kadesh.
Air Offensive
Directs air operations aimed at neutralising Egyptian airfields
Allied Headquarters Directs Port Said Operation
Keightley directs the combined Anglo-French headquarters as the air phase against Egypt begins.
Anglo-French Invasion Publicly Opposed
Eisenhower publicly opposes the Anglo-French use of force and supports United Nations action.
Bir al-Hamma Reached
Ben-Ari's armoured column reaches Bir al-Hamma as the Israeli advance continues westward.
Bir Hasna Reached
Ben-Ari's brigade advances through central Sinai and reaches the Bir Hasna area.
Bombing of Egypt
The UK & France bomb Egypt to force the reopening of the canal with Operation Musketeer, Egypt blocks the canal with scuttled ships in the canal & closes it until 1957
Bombing of Egypt
Faces British and French air attacks during Operation Musketeer after the Israeli invasion of Sinai.
Casualty Evacuation Flights from Sinai
Tolkowsky's air force evacuates casualties from forward areas while the ground campaign continues.
Ceasefire
Condemns the widening crisis and supports a United Nations ceasefire rather than Anglo-French intervention.
Combined Naval Task Force Coordinated
Barjot coordinates French naval elements with British forces supporting Operation Musketeer.
Decision to Intervene in Hungary
Joins the Soviet leadership decision to reverse course and use military force against the Hungarian uprising.
Egyptian Airfields Suppression Campaign
Barnett directs the opening air campaign intended to destroy Egyptian air power before the landings.
Emergency Measures
Declares emergency measures during the British, French and Israeli attack on Egypt.
French Forces Integrated into Allied Command
Barjot coordinates French participation within the combined command structure for the assault on Egypt.
HMS Newfoundland
HMS Newfoundland engages and sinks the Egyptian frigate Domiat during the naval phase
Jebel Libni Captured
Ben-Ari's armoured forces capture Jebel Libni after breaking through the central Sinai defensive system.
Landing Force
Commands the landing force assembled to seize Port Said and the northern canal zone
Mitla Pass Defensive Fighting
Eitan's paratroopers fight Egyptian forces around the Mitla approaches.
Mitla Pass Entry Ordered
Sharon orders forces into Mitla Pass, where intense fighting develops with Egyptian troops.
Naval Bombardment
Coordinates naval support and carrier forces for the Anglo-French operation
Ninth Brigade Southern Advance
Yoffe leads the 9th Brigade on a rapid southward advance through difficult Sinai terrain.
Operation Musketeer
British and French aircraft bomb Egyptian airfields as Operation Musketeer begins
Operation Musketeer
Authorises the bombing phase of Operation Musketeer against Egyptian targets
Operation Musketeer
The UK & France bomb Egypt to force the reopening of the canal with Operation Musketeer, Egypt blocks the canal with scuttled ships in the canal & closes it until 1957
Operation Musketeer
Commands Operation Musketeer, the Anglo-French military operation against Egypt
Operation Musketeer
Orders resistance to the Anglo-French assault and blocks the canal during Operation Musketeer.
RAF Bomber Offensive Opens from Malta and Cyprus
Barnett directs the RAF bomber offensive launched from Malta and Cyprus against Egyptian military airfields.
Rafah El-Arish El-Qantara Axis Command
Laskov commands the divisional drive along the Rafah, El-Arish and El-Qantara axis.
Resignation of Anthony Nutting
Resigns from the Foreign Office in protest over the Suez intervention
Ruafa Dam Captured
Ben-Ari's 7th Armoured Brigade captures Ruafa Dam during its westward advance.
Sinai Air Reconnaissance Missions
Tolkowsky's air force conducts reconnaissance missions supporting Israeli commanders during the rapid Sinai advance.
Sinai Armoured Advance Accelerated
Dayan presses Israeli columns westward as Egyptian resistance weakens in several sectors.
Sinai Ground Support Missions Expanded
Tolkowsky's air force expands close support for Israeli ground formations advancing across Sinai.
Suez Canal
The UK & France bomb Egypt to force the reopening of the canal with Operation Musketeer, Egypt blocks the canal with scuttled ships in the canal & closes it until 1957. British & French planes bomb Egyptian airfields
Suez Canal
Britain and France bomb Egypt after Nasser rejects their ultimatum; Egyptian forces block the canal by sinking ships.
Tenth Brigade Attack at Umm Qatef
Wallach directs the 10th Brigade in an unsuccessful assault against Egyptian positions at Umm Qatef.
Thirty-Seventh Brigade Attack at Umm Qatef
Wallach commits the 37th Brigade against Umm Qatef, where Egyptian defences stop the attack.
Umm Qatef Assault Stalled
Wallach's forces encounter strong Egyptian resistance and attacks against Umm Qatef are halted.
Valiant Bombers Committed to Combat
Barnett's air command commits Valiant bombers to operational attacks during their only use in combat.
Puntofijo Pact
Democratic Action, COPEI, and the Democratic Republican Union signed the Puntofijo Pact supporting constitutional government.
United States Nuclear Test Suspension
As AEC chairman, McCone oversaw Commission responsibilities when the United States suspended nuclear weapons testing as Geneva negotiations opened.
Embassy Citizenship Renunciation Attempt
Lee appeared at the American Embassy and declared that he wanted to renounce his United States citizenship.
Shift to Amphibious Assault Plan
Failed infiltrations lead planners to develop a larger amphibious assault by Cuban exiles.
Strike Force Concept Developed
Bissell shifts planning from small infiltrations toward a large amphibious assault.
Burial
Stalins body is removed from the Kremlin
Burial
Stalins body is removed from Lenins side in the Mausoleum on Red Square
New CPSU Programme Adopted
The Twenty-Second Party Congress adopts a new Communist Party programme replacing the 1919 programme.
Stalin Removed from Lenin Mausoleum
Stalin's body is removed from Lenin's Mausoleum following renewed condemnation at the Twenty-Second Party Congress.
FBI
FBI agent James Hosty visits Paines home to discover where Oswald is living, speaks to both Paine and Marina Oswald
FBI
FBI agent James Hosty visits Paines home to discover where Oswald is living, speaks to both Paine and Marina Oswald
FBI
FBI agent James Hosty visits Paines home to discover where Oswald is living, speaks to both Paine and Marina Oswald
FBI
FBI agent James Hosty visits Paines home to discover where Oswald is living, speaks to both Paine and Marina Oswald
Blackhill Enterprises
Jenner signs a management agreement with Pink Floyd through the Blackhill organisation
Blackhill Enterprises
King signs a management agreement with Pink Floyd alongside Peter Jenner
Pink Floyd
Pink Floyd sign a management contract with Peter Jenner and Andrew King
Pink Floyd
Pink Floyd sign a management contract with Peter Jenner and Andrew King
Pink Floyd
Pink Floyd sign a management contract with Peter Jenner and Andrew King
Strike
Strikes against redundancies close all British Motor Corporation factories
Bombing of Vietnam
The Vietcong do not agree to negotiation conditions. The US announces a cessation of bombing & that negotiations will begin
Bombing of Vietnam
Announces negotiations will begin, 5 days before the presidential election. Announces bombing in North Vietnam will stop
Dismissal
Liu Shaoqi is removed from all posts and expelled from the party during the Cultural Revolution
Election
Announces negotiations will begin, 5 days before the presidential election
Expulsion from Party
Liu Shaoqi is expelled from the Communist Party as the main capitalist-roader target
Peace
Announces negotiations will begin, 5 days before the presidential election
Purge
Expelled from the CCP
Something
The Beatles release George Harrisons "Something" as a single in Britain, Harrisons only composition on a Beatles "A" side
Trial
Presides over a trial which finds Shaoqi guilty & expels him from the Party
Trial
Found guilty at a trial conducted by the Plenium of the Eighth Party Congress
Late Campaign Practices Hearing
Participates as the committee resumes Phase II hearings and continues examining campaign practices, political operations and related evidence from the 1972 election.
Khamenei Government
Mousavi becomes Prime Minister of Iran under President Ali Khamenei
Khamenei Government
Mousavi becomes prime minister within the Islamic Republic's clerical political order
Prime Minister of Iran
Appointed Prime Minister of Iran after Majles approval and Khomeini's backing
Prime Minister of Iran
Mousavi becomes Prime Minister of Iran and begins a wartime premiership lasting until 1989
Prime Minister of Iran
Mousavi begins his premiership under President Ali Khamenei during the Iran-Iraq War
Intermediate Nuclear Forces
Leads for the Government in Commons debate on intermediate nuclear forces and NATO policy.
Pipes of Peace
Produces Pipes of Peace, continuing his renewed collaboration with Paul McCartney.
Anti-Sikh Pogrom
Anti-Sikh violence erupts in Delhi and other cities after Indira Gandhi's assassination.
Assassination of Indira Nehru Gandhi
Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is assassinated in New Delhi by two of her Sikh bodyguards.
Prime Minister of India
Rajiv Gandhi becomes Prime Minister following the assassination of Indira Gandhi.
Resignation of Yeltsin
Holds a news conference & confirms Yeltsin had threatened to resign from the Politburo
Speech
Quoted in the press saying, "there is no such thing as society"
Prime Minister of Turkey
Appointed Prime Minister of Turkey, acting
Treaty of Re-Unification
East & West Germany sign the re-unification Treaty
Unification
East & West Germany sign the re-unification Treaty
Assassination of Edwin Walker
Death of Edwin Walker
Prime Minister of Poland
Appointed Prime Minister of Poland, 1st term
Prime Minister of Poland
Appointed Prime Minister of Poland
Iraq Liberation Act
Signs Iraq Liberation Act, it becomes US Policy to support "regime change" in Iraq
Legislation
Congress made findings of past Iraqi military actions in violation of International Law and that Iraq had denied entry of United Nations Special Commission on Iraq (UNSCOM) inspectors into its country
Legislation
Congress made findings of past Iraqi military actions in violation of International Law and that Iraq had denied entry of United Nations Special Commission on Iraq (UNSCOM) inspectors into its country.
Legislation
Signs Iraq Liberation Act, it becomes US Policy to support "regime change" in Iraq.
Legislation
The Act anticipates the future need for War Crimes Tribunals in Iraq.
Legislation
The stated purpose is: "to establish a program to support a transition to democracy in Iraq".
United Nations
Congress made findings of past Iraqi military actions in violation of International Law and that Iraq had denied entry of United Nations Special Commission on Iraq (UNSCOM) inspectors into its country
International Atomic Energy Agency
The IAEA declares that Iran has submitted a "comprehensive" declaration of its nuclear program
Pluto Moons
NASA publicly announces Hubble's discovery of two possible additional moons orbiting Pluto.
Hubble Servicing Mission 4 Reinstated
Griffin reinstates Hubble Servicing Mission 4 after NASA develops additional shuttle safety and risk-mitigation measures.
CENTCOM
Takes command of United States Central Command
Election as Interim Prime Minister
The National Transitional Council elects el-Keib to head the interim government.
Lulu
Releases Lulu, a collaborative album with Metallica based on writings by Frank Wedekind.
Departure from Crown Prosecution Service
Starmer completes his five-year term as Director of Public Prosecutions.
COVID-19
Announces a second national lockdown for England.
Second Lockdown
Announces a second national lockdown for England.
UN Police Adviser
The United Nations appoints Faisal Shahkar of Pakistan as Police Adviser in the Department of Peace Operations.
Hwasong 19 Test
North Korea tests the Hwasong-19 intercontinental missile.
Births on October 31
Birth of John Evelyn
John Evelyn is born at Wotton in Surrey.
Birth of Chiang Kai-Shek to a prosperous rural family Chekiang
Birth of Chiang Kai-Shek to a prosperous rural family Chekiang
Birth of Carlos Caetano Bledorn Verri
Birth of Carlos Caetano Bledorn Verri, Dunga
Deaths on October 31
Death of Robert of Gloucester
With his death Matildas hopes of winning the throne vanish
Death of James Hamilton
Death of James Hamilton
Death of Indira Gandhi
Death of Indira Gandhi
Death of River Phoenix
Death of River Phoenix
Death of Sean Connery
Death of actor Sean Connery.
Death of Ken Mattingly
Death of Apollo 16 astronaut and Apollo 13 support figure Ken Mattingly.
Battles on October 31
Battle of Caldiero
Defeats the French under Massena
Battle of Pancorbo
Marshal Lefebvres IV Corps fall upon Blakes 19,000 men at Pancorbo, turning back the hesitant Spanish advance. Blake retreats swiftly and in good order, preventing Napoleon's planned envelopment & annihilation of the Spanish flank
Battle of Gheluvelt
Bulfin sends reinforcements during the crisis at Ypres.
Battle of Gheluvelt
FitzClarence helps restore the line near Ypres.
Battle of Vistula River
The Germans were unfamiliar with the land and unable to bring sufficient reinforcements to the Ninth Army, allowing Ruzsky to concentrate his front against Mackensen. On October 17, Hindenburg orders a retreat, and by the 31st the battle is over
Battle of Vistula River
The Germans were unfamiliar with the land and unable to bring sufficient reinforcements to the Ninth Army, allowing Ruzsky to concentrate his front against Mackensen. On October 17, Hindenburg orders a retreat, and by the 31st the battle is over. Nikolai Ruzsky defeats the Germans first attempt at capturing Warsaw at the Battle of the Vistula River
Battle of Ypres, 1st
Gough commands cavalry near Ypres.
Battle of Beersheba
Attacks the Turks, Beersheba is captured & 2,000 Turkish troops taken prisoner
Battle of Britain
Commands Fighter Command through the official final day of the Battle of Britain.
Battle of Britain
The Luftwaffe has failed to gain the air superiority required for invasion.
Battle of Britain
Germany bombs Canterbury in the biggest daylight raid since the Battle of Britain
Battle of Mitla Pass
Fights Egyptian forces around Mitla Pass during the Sinai Campaign.