December 7 in History

Galileo gives his inaugural lecture at Padua, beginning eighteen productive years in the Venetian Republic.

The Commons gives Haselrig's Militia Bill its first reading by 158 votes to 125.

Haselrig presents a bill placing militia and naval appointments under parliamentary control.

Lenthall presides over the Militia Bill's first Commons reading.

Strode supports the Commons bill challenging exclusive royal command.

Haselrig proposes parliamentary nomination of militia and naval commanders.

Marshal Ney is shot

Known as the "little magician" for his political manipulation

Flees after loyalist militia breaks the rebellion outside Toronto.

The Jules d'Anethan Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as head of the Belgian government.

Begins the Third de Theux Government in Brussels and serves as head of the Belgian government.

Supports Bolshevik agitation during the December uprising.

Commands forces suppressing the Moscow armed uprising.

Takes part in revolutionary activity during the uprising.

Faces armed revolt in Moscow after the manifesto.

A Royal Proclamation creates the self-governing body of South Africa

A Royal Proclamation creates the self-governing body of South Africa

A Royal Proclamation creates the self-governing body of South Africa

Scott records worsening concern as the blizzard prevents travel and pony fodder runs short.

Advocates, "South Africa First" & should use imperialism for its own sel-interest

Asquith's government authorises withdrawal from the ANZAC and Suvla sectors.

Nivelle proposes that the system of attack he had used at Verdun could be scaled upwards and used on a weaker part of the German line, the enemy lines could be ruptured within 48 hours

Accepts the premiership after Asquith resigns and begins forming a new coalition government.

Official ceasefire between Russia & the Central Powers

The Soviet government creates the Cheka to combat counter-revolution and sabotage.

The USA declares war on Austria

Official ceasefire between Russia & the Central Powers

The First Udrzal Government ends in Prague, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.

Begins the Second Udrzal Government in Prague and serves as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia.

Forces Chiang Kai-Shek to end the civil war & unite against Japan. Arrests Chiang Kai-Shek to force him into a temporary alliance with Chou En-Lai

Questions and debates the government’s milk policy.

Graf Spee sinks the British steamer Streonshalh, the final merchant ship destroyed during Langsdorff's commerce-raiding cruise.

Wilson launches Operation Compass, the strategy is outstandingly successful and very quickly the Italian forces are cut in half

Wilson launches Operation Compass, the strategy is outstandingly successful and very quickly the Italian forces are cut in half

Kasumi commands the aircraft credited by later analysis with dropping the bomb that triggered USS Arizona's catastrophic magazine explosion.

Leads the 1st wave of 183 planes to attack Pearl Harbour

Broadcasts warning messages but atmospheric conditions delay them by 10 hours

The Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor sinking or damaging 18 ships. The bombing of Pearl Harbour bring the US into World War II

Commands the Eighth Army which captures Tobruk from Rommel

Brauchitsch is dismissed by Hitler who appoints himself Commander in Chief

Takahashi leads a first-wave dive-bomber unit against targets on Oahu during the Pearl Harbour attack.

Commands the Eighth Army which captures Tobruk from Rommel

Itaya leads Akagi's Zero fighters in the first-wave fighter component of the Pearl Harbour attack.

Sakamaki commands midget submarine HA-19, which fails to penetrate Pearl Harbour and later grounds on Oahu.

Furuno commands HA-17, launched from submarine I-18 as part of the Pearl Harbour operation.

Iwasa commands one of the five Japanese midget submarines launched for the Pearl Harbour operation.

Yokoyama commands HA-16, launched from submarine I-16 before the air attack on Pearl Harbour.

Kusaka serves as Nagumo's chief of staff while the First Air Fleet conducts the Pearl Harbour strike.

Shimazaki leads the second Japanese air wave against Pearl Harbour and nearby military airfields.

Fuchida signals that tactical surprise has been achieved as the first Japanese air wave reaches Pearl Harbour.

Murata leads the first-wave torpedo attack unit against American warships at Pearl Harbour.

Maintains his broad-front approach for the continuing Allied advance.

Insists that the advance into the Rhine be on a broad front

Represents the principal American army group during the strategy meeting.

Reports on Allied operations advancing from southern France toward Germany.

Meets senior Allied commanders to review operations toward the Rhine.

Presents his assessment of the northern Allied front at Maastricht.

Argues for concentrating resources on a powerful northern offensive.

Radescu becomes prime minister and resists expanding communist control.

Coordinates the southern army group's role in the wider Allied strategy.

Supports continued operations by American armies across a broad front.

Executed for war crimes, 4th anniversary of Pearl Harbour

Death of Tomoyuki Yamashita, executed

Resigns as Party Leader of the Labour Party after losing two general elections

Resigns as Party Leader of the Labour Party after losing two general elections

Romulo Betancourt won the presidential election held after the restoration of civilian politics.

Auditions for the Rolling Stones and soon replaces Dick Taylor on bass.

McCone told Johnson that portraying the DCI chiefly as a covert operator impaired his broader intelligence role; Johnson agreed that the public image should change.

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's Awami League wins an absolute National Assembly majority.

Pakistan holds its first nationwide direct general election.

Voters elect members of the National Assembly in Pakistan's first direct national poll.

Pakistan holds its first nationwide direct general election.

General election outcome recorded for Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan: Pakistan holds its first nationwide direct general election.

Government context for this general election: Pakistan holds its first nationwide direct general election.

The Awami League emerges as the largest party in the new National Assembly.

Stops Oscar Bonavena in the fifteenth round

Libya nationalises British Petroleum interests following a dispute with the British government.

Yahya Khan appoints Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Deputy Prime Minister during the final war crisis.

Bhutto also assumes the foreign affairs portfolio in Yahya Khan's government.

Pilots America during transposition and docking with lunar module Challenger after translunar injection.

Commands Apollo 17, the last Apollo lunar landing mission.

Leads the concept for Tales from Topographic Oceans, inspired by spiritual and philosophical ideas.

Plays keyboards on Tales from Topographic Oceans before leaving the band in 1974.

Appointed Prime Minister of Japan, 1st term

Spends his final fourteen months of imprisonment there.

Moves to a cottage at Victor Verster Prison.

The Broadcasting Bill is published

Made a baronet

Awarded the Order of Merit

Akers helps install COSTAR, providing corrective optics for three Hubble science instruments affected by spherical aberration.

Announces an increase in interest rates from 6.25% to 5.75%

Makes his UEFA Champions League debut and scores in Manchester United's 4-0 victory over Galatasaray.

Meets Jacques Chirac before the Madrid European Council and reaffirms commitment to the planned single currency.

Galileo becomes the first spacecraft to enter orbit around Jupiter.

Probe data show Jupiter's atmospheric abundances differ in important ways from simple solar-composition expectations.

The Galileo atmospheric probe begins direct scientific measurements after deploying its parachute in Jupiter's atmosphere.

The Galileo atmospheric probe enters Jupiter and transmits direct measurements during its descent.

Winner of the Presidential & Parliamentary elections with 57.4% of the vote

NASA approves an extended Galileo mission emphasizing repeated close encounters with Europa.

Represents Italy as leaders negotiate institutional reforms intended to prepare the Union for enlargement.

Represents Irish diplomacy as leaders negotiate institutional reforms for enlargement.

Participates as leaders negotiate institutional changes intended to prepare the Union for a major enlargement.

Represents Greece as leaders negotiate institutional changes intended to prepare the Union for enlargement.

The Taliban loses Kandahar, ending its effective control of Afghanistan's government.

Receives Iraq's declaration of its weapons programmes.

UNMOVIC analysts begin assessing the extensive submission.

Mugabe announces Zimbabwe's withdrawal after the Commonwealth maintains its suspension.

Mugabe withdraws Zimbabwe from the Commonwealth after continued suspension.

Karzai is inaugurated as the first elected president under the 2004 Constitution

Receives Kennedy Center Honors with Pete Townshend.

Receives Kennedy Center Honors with Roger Daltrey.

Akatsuki fails to enter Venus orbit after a propulsion-system malfunction and continues around the Sun.

Akatsuki successfully enters Venus orbit five years after its first failed insertion attempt.

The government accepts Parliament will vote on the final Brexit deal.

Starmer moves a motion demanding publication of the Government's Brexit plan.

Wins the Formula One drivers' championship.

Birth of Gilbert the Red

Birth of Nicole Marie Appleton-Gallagher

Death of Otto II

Death of Innocent IV, it was on a sick bed at Naples that Innocent IV heard of Manfreds victory at Foggia against the Papal forces, said to have precipitated his death

Death of Gilbert the Red

Death of Tomoyuki Yamashita, executed

Death of Innocent IV, it was on a sick bed at Naples that Innocent IV heard of Manfreds victory at Foggia against the Papal forces, said to have precipitated his death

Cavendish attacks Parliamentarian forces at Tadcaster during the Yorkshire campaign.

Leads Upper Canada rebels gathered near Montgomerys Tavern.

Withdraws to Gazala & Tobruk is relieved by the Allies

does not follow the battle up with an air strike & the base remains intact. Dive bombers take off from Nagumos task force 250 miles north of the US Pacific Fleet. Commands the Japanese carriers