January 12 in History

Bacon addresses Parliament and stresses the shortage of learned ministers

Emphasises the shortage of Church ministers

Charles I appointed Wentworth lord deputy of Ireland.

Wentworth received the additional title Baron Raby when he became Earl of Strafford.

Wentworth is created Earl of Strafford and elevated within the English peerage.

Strafford receives the senior title of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.

Dissents from the Lords decision to receive the Duke of Norfolk's divorce bill.

Suggests that the Lords adjourn until they receive a more satisfactory royal answer concerning naval affairs.

1st person to cross the Antarctic circle

Massena was assigned to the Army of England while French leaders considered operations against Britain.

Jourdan presented a report proposing a new system for recruiting France's armies and developing the principle that became military conscription.

Calls elections for a constituent congress that prepares the liberal Constitution of 1828.

Lincoln sends his second annual message to Congress

Succeeds as Emperor of China

The North American authorities stop the steamship Lagonda and two other suspicious ships, Amadis, and Baracoa at the Fernandina port in Florida, confiscating weapons and ruining Plan de Fernandina (Fernandina Plan)

The North American authorities stop the steamship Lagonda and two other suspicious ships, Amadis, and Baracoa at the Fernandina port in Florida, confiscating weapons and ruining Plan de Fernandina (Fernandina Plan)

Strikers in Warsaw loot and burn shops, 93 are killed by Russian troops

Faces Persian government refusal to recognize the syndicate's separate agreement with Bakhtiari chiefs.

First day of polling during the general election

The US House of Representatives rejected a proposal to give woment the vote

The US House of Representatives rejected a proposal to give woment the vote

The Congress adopts the Declaration of Rights of the Working and Exploited People as a statement of Soviet political principles.

Heads the Polish delegation at the Paris Peace Conference

Supports British diplomatic work following the wartime council.

Uses the council framework during transition from war to peace conference.

Advises Allied leaders on military enforcement after the armistice.

Reports on military demobilisation after the armistice.

Moves from wartime council work into peace conference diplomacy.

Represents Italy in Allied postwar deliberations.

Advises American negotiators on occupation and demobilisation issues.

Represents Japanese interests in Allied deliberations at Paris.

Participates in Allied decisions as peace negotiations begin.

Adolf Hitler sentenced to three months

Addresses the Allied Supreme Council on Germany's financial position and argues that reparations must reflect German economic capacity.

The Kuomintang’s First National Congress adopts cooperation with the Chinese Communist Party and Soviet advisers.

1st woman elected to the US Senate

1st woman elected to the US Senate

Hitler attends the wedding of von Blomberg to Eva Gruhn, allegedly a former prostitute

Hitler attends the wedding of von Blomberg to Eva Gruhn, allegedly a former prostitute

Marries Erna Gruhn (sometimes referred to as "Eva" or "Margarete"), a 26-year-old typist. A marriage used by Hitler to cause a scandal & take over command of the armed forces

Austria recognizes the Franco Government in Spain

Austria recognizes the Franco Government in Spain

Argues that control of Narvik is vital to disrupting German iron ore supplies.

The War Cabinet debates action against German iron ore supplies moving through Narvik.

Chatfield considers whether naval mining and a Narvik operation can be justified by Allied strategic needs.

Argues that German iron ore shipments through Narvik should be disrupted.

Churchill argues that mining Norwegian waters would disrupt German iron ore shipments through Narvik.

Ironside reviews the military implications of a possible Allied landing at Narvik to cut Germany's ore supply

Pound advises on the naval risks of mining Norwegian waters and operating near Narvik.

Halifax weighs diplomatic risks of violating Norwegian neutrality against the need to restrict German ore imports.

Examines military requirements for an Allied expedition toward Narvik.

War Cabinet reviews possible action against German iron ore moving through Narvik.

Launches Operation "Iskra" with the Leningrad garrison moving south along Lake Ladoga

The Red Army begins the Vistula-Oder offensive across the Narew River and, from Warsaw, a three-day operation on a broad front which incorporated four army Fronts

Plans for Harry Hopkins to visit Britain before the Malta and Yalta meetings.

Publishes A Nice Cup of Tea.

Threatens to starve if the Government does not pay œ44 million owed to Pakistan

During Gandhi's fast, pressure increases on the Indian government to release Pakistan's agreed share of partition financial assets.

Forms his final government as Prime Minister after the Wafd wins the parliamentary election.

Forms a Wafd government after the party wins the parliamentary election.

Forms a Wafd cabinet after the party's decisive election victory.

Opens the New Zealand Parliament

Declares Cambodia neutral amid the Cold War and Indochina conflict

US helicopters ferry 1,000 South Vietnamese soldiers to sweep an NFL stroghold

Receives USAID administrator Fowler Hamilton for discussions on American economic assistance and development policy.

McCone commended CIA officers who prepared intelligence briefings for his appearances before the Senate Armed Services Committee and the Defense Appropriations Subcommittee.

Releases Led Zeppelin's debut album through Atlantic Records.

Resigns in order to become Prime Minister

The inverted-ziggurat Central Library opens in Chamberlain Square.

Gaddafi and Habib Bourguiba announce a proposed union between Libya and Tunisia.

Appointed Prime Minister of Norway

Released from prison

Directs Stroszek.

Bakhtiar receives parliamentary confirmation as prime minister while trying to preserve the constitutional monarchy

Khomeini forms the Revolutionary Council to coordinate the transition from the monarchy

The Argentine Joint Armed Forces committee beings planning military invasion of Islands

President of elect Bush completes the selection of his Cabinet, naming retired Adm. James D. Watkins secretary of energy and former education secretary William J. Bennett drug Czar

President of elect Bush completes the selection of his Cabinet, naming retired Adm. James D. Watkins secretary of energy and former education secretary William J. Bennett drug Czar

Bush receives congressional authority to use force to implement United Nations resolutions.

Congress agrees the go-ahead for the war

Receives congressional authorization to use force against Iraq.

Toure oversees a referendum approving the constitution of Mali's Third Republic.

Abdul Waheed Kakar becomes Chief of Army Staff after the sudden death of General Asif Nawaz Janjua.

Is inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Inducts The Doors into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Addresses Commons questions concerning the Business Links network.

Addresses Commons questions on implementation and implications of the GATT negotiations.

Addresses Commons questions concerning manufacturing performance.

Is inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a solo artist.

Announces British troops will no longer carry out daylight street patrols in Belfast

Jehangir Karamat becomes Chief of Army Staff and later resigns from the post in 1998.

19 European countries sign an agreement banning human cloning

19 European countries sign an agreement banning human cloning

19 European countries sign an agreement banning human cloning

Is inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Eagles.

President Clinton sends Paula Jones a cheque for $850,000 sexual harassment settlement

The US imposes sanctions on three institutions accused of helping Iran and possibly other nations to develop nuclear weapons and missiles

The US imposes sanctions on three institutions accused of helping Iran and possibly other nations to develop nuclear weapons and missiles

Clinton pays $850,000 to end legal action by former Arkansas employee, Paula Joness, who accused him of sexual misconduct

Clinton pays $850,000 to end legal action by former Arkansas employee, Paula Joness, who accused him of sexual misconduct

Musharraf condemns terrorism and announces measures against militant organizations.

Appointed Governor of Shandong, acting

Vjekoslav Bevanda becomes Chairman of the Council of Ministers

Receives the Presidential Medal of Freedom with distinction.

Announces a new five-year economic plan.

Wagner claims a role in capturing Soledar.

Signs a long-term security cooperation agreement with British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak.

Dbeibah states that he remains in office and continues performing his government duties.

Birth of Charles Emmanuel son of Emmanuel Philibert and Margaret of France

Charles Emmanuel future Duke of Savoy is born

Birth of Herman Goering, in Rosenheim, Upper Bavaria, the son of a colonial official

Birth of Holden Alvaro Roberto

Pieter Willem Botha is born near Paul Roux.

The future prime minister and state president is born.

Birth of Pieter Botha

Birth of Joseph William Frazier

Death of Maximilian I

Death of Leopoldo Galtieri

Death of Amrish Puri

Defeats General Chanzy

The Red Army begins the Vistula-Oder offensive across the Narew River and, from Warsaw, a three-day operation on a broad front which incorporated four army Fronts

The Soviets launch an attack on the Baranov Bridgehead & cross the River Oder