July 11 in History

Pays homage to John who then recognizes Llewelyns capture of north Wales

John Balliol renounces his crown & Kingdom in front of Edward I

John Balliol renounces his crown & Kingdom in front of Edward I. At Brechin Edward subjected John to the humiliation of having his royal regalia stripped from him

John Balliol renounces his crown & Kingdom in front of Edward I

The Earl of Surrey routes the Scottish army at the Battle of Dunbar and by 11th July Edinburgh Castle had fallen and John had surrendered

The French defeat at Courtrai sharply weakens Philip IV's effort to absorb Flanders.

John XXII declares Louis IVs election null & void

John XXII declares Louis IVs election null & void

John XXII declares Louis IVs election null & void

John XXII declares Louis IVs election null & void

John XXII declares Louis IVs election null & void

Sets sail with 750 ships, 15,000 men including 9,000 archers, 4,000 infantry & 2,000 cavalry for a 2nd invasion

Marries Isabelle Neville, daughter of the Earl of Warwick

Clement VII excommunicates Henry VIII

Clement VII declares Anne & Henrys children illegitimate

Excommunicated by Pope Clement VII. Clement VII declares the divorce from Catherine illegal. Clement VII declares Anne & Henry's children illegitimate

Pope Clement VII threatens Henry VIII with excommunication unless he abandons the marriage to Anne Boleyn.

Clement VII declares Anne & Henrys children illegitimate

The Ten Articles of Protestant faith are passed

The Ten Articles are passed

The Ten Articles of Protestant faith are passed

Organizes a joint attack by Savoy, Mantua & Parma on Spanish held Milan

Flodroff cooperates with Brandenburg forces in taking an important defensive position near Bonn.

Schoning helps capture a key fortification near Bonn before the formal siege begins.

Forced to embark for France from Kinsale after defeat at the Battle of the Boyne

Founds the Prussian Academy of Arts in Berlin.

Moves quickly to bring the French army to battle.

Vendome's forces suffer defeat at Oudenaarde after confused command and rapid Allied concentration.

Uses Allied cavalry to envelop the French right at Oudenaarde, helping force Vendome's army into retreat.

Captures two major fortifications at Tournai

Signs the Treaty of Vienna supporting the success of Maria Theresa

Ends the Anglo-French entente. Emperor Charles VI is given support to his "pragmatic sanction" by Walpole

Ends the Anglo-French entente. Charles VI gains support for his "pragmatic sanction" for the succession Maria Theresa

Has Neckar dismissed in order to create a stronger Government under Baron de Breteuil

Has Neckar dismissed in order to create a stronger Government under Baron de Breteuil.

Lafayette argues that a concise declaration should guide constitutional institutions by stating enduring principles of natural and social rights.

Lafayette presents his draft Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen to the National Assembly.

Napoleon was sent on a mission to Genoa connected with French military and diplomatic planning in northern Italy.

The Anglo-Turkish armada begins to bombard Alexandria

William IV marries Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen

William IV marries Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen

Under the peace of Villafranca Venice remains Austrian. Under the peace of Villafranca Tuscany & Modena are to be restored. Under the peace of Villafranca Parma & Lombardy are ceded to France. The preliminary peace of Villafranca

Under the peace of Villafranca Parma & Lombardy are ceded to France

Under the peace of Villafranca Parma & Lombardy are ceded to France

Under the peace of Villafranca Venice remains Austrian

The Monrad Government ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Council President of Denmark.

Begins the Second Bluhme Government in Copenhagen and serves as Council President of Denmark.

Meets Gorchakov & secures an understanding with Russia

British warships attack coastal defences during the Egyptian crisis.

Bombards Alexandria during the intervention that leads to British occupation of Egypt and control of the canal route.

Orders the bombardment of Egyptian forts at Alexandria.

Becomes the first French Canadian prime minister.

Travels to Finland for a rest

Faces rising opposition as defeat and disorder damage the government.

Faces rising opposition as the government crisis deepens before the July Days.

Faces political danger as the Bolshevik press is suppressed.

Prepares to flee toward Finland while avoiding arrest.

Comes under suspicion for the role of Kronstadt sailors.

Faces repression after the sailors' role in the demonstrations.

Helps rebuild party communications after arrests and raids.

Escapes Petrograd with Lenin after the crackdown.

Works with German commanders as the counteroffensive is prepared.

Coordinates forces preparing to exploit Russian weakness.

Helps found a provisional Government

Exiled by the Sultan

Curzon sends Soviet Foreign Commissar Chicherin the British armistice proposal that gives the provisional Allied boundary its enduring name.

Curzon's proposal extends the earlier provisional line south through Galicia, west of Rawa Ruska and east of Przemysl, to the Carpathians.

Curzon's note proposes that Polish forces withdraw to the provisional eastern line established by the Peace Conference.

The British armistice proposal calls for Soviet forces to remain fifty kilometres east of the proposed line outside Eastern Galicia.

Adolf Hitler resigns from the party to force the hand of Anton Drexler not to unite with the DSP

Accepts the truce that ends major hostilities in the War of Independence and opens the way to negotiations.

Delivers his Nobel lecture on fundamental ideas and problems of relativity.

Trotsky is refused political asylum in Britain

Austria agrees that her foreign policy would be determined as a "German State"

Austria agrees that her foreign policy would be determined as a "German State"

An amnesty is granted to Austrian NAZIs in prison

Appointed Foreign Minister, Nazi supporter

Germany confirms Austrias sovereignty & promises not to interfere in internal affairs

Confirms Austrias sovereignty & promises not to interfere in its internal affairs

Confirms Austrias sovereignty & promises not to interfere in its internal affairs

Appointed Minister of the Interior, Nazi supporter

Russian troops begin to clash with the Japanese on the border of Manzhouguo

Reviews the final day of the Air Defence Research Committee.

Twenty radar stations can detect aircraft above ten thousand feet.

Formally proclaimed head of State in France

Appointed Head of State in France

Raeder advises British invasion as a last resort to force Britain to sue for peace

Military chiefs meet to discuss the invasion of Britain but Raeder advises against

Defends the Second Army at the River Orel against Russian counter-attack

Defends the Second Army at the River Orel against Russian counter-attack

Transfers Tactical HQ from Malta to the front at Sicily

Army Group Centre loses 28 Divisions, the way to Poland is open to the Red Army

Army Group Centre loses 28 Divisions, the way to Poland is open to the Red Army

The way to Poland is open to the Red Army

Captures Vilna from the Germans

Captures Vitebsk from the Germans

Assembly of the Trinity device, known as Gadget, begins as components are prepared for transfer to the test tower.

Appointed Prime Minister of France

Appointed NATO military chief

Appointed NATO military chief

Wins the Republican Party nomination for President at the national convention.

Receives the Vice Presidential Nomination

Is elected president as the only candidate after the military coup that brought him to power.

Quevedo lands Battalion 18 near the mouth of the La Plata River.

Del Rio's squad occupies a position helping close the encirclement.

Cuevas moves into position to prevent army reinforcements reaching Battalion 18.

Castro orders rebel units to surround Battalion 18 at El Jigue.

Perez deploys his squad directly opposite Battalion 18's camp.

Rodriguez and his fighters hold a position facing the surrounded battalion.

Garcia positions fighters to block Battalion 18's route toward the coast.

Operation Verano suffers a major defeat at La Plata.

In the Battle of La Plata which lasts from July 11 till July 21, Castros forces defeat an entire battalion, capturing 240 men, while losing just 3 of their own

Declares Katanga independent from the central government during the opening phase of the Congo Crisis.

Appointed Presidential candidate for the Democratic Party

NASA adopts lunar orbit rendezvous for Apollo lunar landing missions.

Appointed military junta exercising presidential authority in Ecuador

Releases Space Oddity shortly before the Apollo 11 Moon landing.

Signs the constitutional reform unanimously approved by Congress to nationalize the major copper mines.

Congress unanimously approves nationalization of the large copper mines

Promulgates the unanimous constitutional amendment nationalizing the large copper mines.

The Government accepts a six pound weekly limit for pay settlements in the next pay round.

Announces the Government's anti-inflation policy

Announces the Government's anti-inflation policy

Announces the need to legislate for statutory pay limits in the Commons

Healey supports the 6 pounds weekly limit as part of the anti-inflation package.

Announces the Attack on Inflation policy with a flat weekly pay limit.

Healey supports a voluntary limit of six pounds on weekly pay increases to slow inflation.

Healey backs the six pounds weekly pay limit as part of the anti-inflation package.

Announces the Attack on Inflation programme tied to the Social Contract.

The Revolutionary Command Council decide to replace Bakr

Scores Italy's second goal in the final and celebrates with an iconic run.

Scores Italy's third goal in the 3-1 final victory over West Germany.

Captains Italy to its third World Cup title at the age of forty.

Coaches Italy to its first World Cup title since 1938.

Faces the Oka Crisis over land and Indigenous rights.

President Clinton extends full diplomatic recognition to Vietnam normalizing relations with the communist nation 22 years after US disengagement from the war with Hanoi

President Clinton extends full diplomatic recognition to Vietnam normalizing relations with the communist nation 22 years after US disengagement from the war with Hanoi

The Drina Battalion of Bosnian Serbs overruns the UN-protected "safe area" of Srebrenica

Appointed Minister of Defence

Attends final-status talks with Ehud Barak and President Clinton.

Opens final-status talks with Arafat under US mediation.

Convenes Barak and Arafat for final-status negotiations.

Scores a deft chipped goal as Argentina defeat Mexico 3-0 in the Copa America semi-final.

Beckhams contract with Los Angeles Galaxy takes effect on 11 July, and on 13 July, is officially unveiled as a Galaxy player at The Home Depot Center

President Raul Castro warns Cubans to prepare for a "realistic" brand of communism that is economically viable and does away with excessive state subsidies designed to promote equality on the island

Brown's government confronts inflationary pressure as oil prices reach a record level.

Wins the Golden Ball after leading Uruguay to the semi-finals.

Claims the Golden Boot on assists after scoring five goals for Germany.

Makes decisive saves during the final against the Netherlands.

Starts every match during the title-winning tournament.

Controls possession and creates chances throughout the tournament.

Defeats the Netherlands after extra time in Johannesburg.

Delivers the goal securing Spain's first World Cup.

Starts for the Netherlands in the World Cup final against Spain.

Starts for the Netherlands in the World Cup final against Spain after scoring five goals during the tournament.

Scores the extra-time winner against the Netherlands.

Saves Arjen Robben's one-on-one chance before Spain win the final in extra time.

Captains Spain to its first FIFA World Cup title.

Guides Spain to its first FIFA World Cup title.

Helps Spain win its first FIFA World Cup.

Helps Spain win its first FIFA World Cup.

Withdraws from the Conservative leadership contest.

Becomes Conservative leader after Andrea Leadsom withdraws.

Becomes Conservative leader after Andrea Leadsom withdraws from the contest.

Presses allies on burden-sharing at NATO summit.

Presses NATO allies for a clearer path toward Ukrainian membership and stronger security guarantees.

Participates in the NATO summit and presses allies for air defense, weapons and an irreversible membership path.

ONS estimates that monthly GDP fell by 0.1 percent in May 2025.

ONS estimates that GDP grew by 0.5 percent in the three months to May.

Birth of Robert I, born in Turnberry Castle, grandson of Robert VII de Bruce of both Norman and Celtic ancestry

Birth of Diana Churchill, daughter of Winston & Clemantine Churchill

Returns to Hawaii from the North West Passage & killed in a scuffle with the Islanders

Death of Laurence Olivier

The French heavy cavalry is defeated by Flemish infantry caught in the mud. 700 Spurs are from the French Knights by the Flemish infantry, "battle of the Spurs"

The French are defeated, Philip can no longer support the Scottish nationalists

The Duke of Burgundy shares command during the French defeat at Oudenaarde.

Leads the Allied advance guard before Oudenaarde.

John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, fights at the Battle of Oudenaarde.

Marlborough and Eugene defeat the French army at Oudenaarde.

John Dalrymple commands a brigade at Oudenaarde during Marlborough and Eugene's victory over the French.

Plays a major role at the Battle of Oudenarde

Marlborough & Eugene defeat the French under the Duke of Burgundy & Vendome

Marlborough & Eugene defeat the French under the Duke of Burgundy & Vendome

Fights at the Battle of Oudenaarde

Vendome commands French forces during the defeat at Oudenaarde.

Suffers defeat during the Flanders campaign.

Marlborough defeats the French at Oudenaarde and restores Allied strategic initiative in Flanders.

The Allied English & Austrian army is defeated by General Charles Pichegru

The French defeat the Allied English & Austrian army of Count Charles Von Clerfayt

Lands the Turkish forces at Aboukir, 60 transports & 15,000 troops. General Marmont is forced to withdraw to Alexandria & await Napoleon's orders

Grand Admiral Erich Raeder, Commander in Chief of the Kriegsmarine (German Navy), told Hitler that an invasion could only be contemplated as a last resort, and only after full air superiority had been achieved

Defeats a Batista battalion during Operation Verano.

Castro directs the encirclement of Battalion 18 during the Battle of La Plata.