Assassination of Aelfwald I
Killed & buried in Hexham Church
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On this date in world history
September 23 in History
This permanent archive page contains 197 World History Database records for September 23, spanning 788 to 2023. Recorded topics include Assassination of Aelfwald I; Death of Aelfwald I; Death of Conrad I.
Total: 197Events: 172Births: 4Deaths: 4Battles: 17Countries: 23
Events on September 23
Concordat of Worms
Both the Emperor & the Vatican will select the Pope. A truce is made between the Empire & the Pope.
Concordat of Worms
The King was recognised as having the right to invest bishops with secular authority ("by the lance") in the territories they governed, but not with sacred authority ("by ring and staff");
Concordat of Worms
the result was that bishops owed allegiance in worldly matters both to the pope and to the king, for they were obligated to affirm the right of the sovereign to call upon them for military support,
Concordat of Worms
under his oath of fealty
Concordat of Worms
Both the Vatican & the Emperor have a say in the selection of a Pope. Agrees the Concordat with Calixtus II.
Concordat of Worms
The King was recognised as having the right to invest bishops with secular authority ("by the lance") in the territories they governed but not with sacred authority ("by ring and staff")
Concordat of Worms
the result was that bishops owed allegiance in worldly matters both to the pope and to the king for they were obligated to affirm the right of the sovereign to call upon them for military support
Concordat of Worms
under his oath of fealty
Concordat of Worms
Bishops therefore owed worldly allegiance to both pope and king and had to affirm the sovereign's right to demand military support under their oath of fealty.
Concordat of Worms
Innocent II drafts the Concordat of Worms.
Concordat of Worms
The king could not invest bishops with sacred authority, symbolized by the ring and staff.
Concordat of Worms
The king retained the right to invest bishops with secular authority, symbolized by the lance, in the territories they governed.
Diet of Wurzburg
By the terms of the agreement, the election of bishops and abbots in Germany was to take place in the emperor's presence as judge between potentially disputing parties, free of bribes.
Diet of Wurzburg
Following efforts by Lamberto Scannabecchi (later Pope Honorius II) and the Diet of Wurzburg (1121) in 1122, Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V entered into an agreement that effectively ended the Investiture Controversy.
Diet of Wurzburg
thus retaining to the emperor a crucial role in choosing these great territorial magnates of the Empire.
Diet of Wurzburg
By the terms of the agreement, the election of bishops and abbots in Germany was to take place in the emperor's presence as judge between potentially disputing parties, free of bribes.
Diet of Wurzburg
Following efforts by Lamberto Scannabecchi (later Pope Honorius II) and the Diet of Wurzburg (1121) in 1122, Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V entered into an agreement that effectively ended the Investiture Controversy.
Diet of Wurzburg
thus retaining to the emperor a crucial role in choosing these great territorial magnates of the Empire.
Pactum Calixtinum
The King was recognised as having the right to invest bishops with secular authority ("by the lance") in the territories they governed, but not with sacred authority ("by ring and staff")
Pactum Calixtinum
The Pactum Calixtinum or Concordat of Worms. Both the Emperor and the Vatican will select the Pope. A truce is made between the Empire and the Pope.
Pactum Calixtinum
the result was that bishops owed allegiance in worldly matters both to the pope and to the king for they were obligated to affirm the right of the sovereign to call upon them for military support
Pactum Calixtinum
under his oath of fealty
Capture of Harfleur
The port of Harfleur surrenders to the English
Invasion of Normandy
The port of Harfleur surrenders to the English
Siege of Ludlow
Salisbuy defeats Lord Audley who is on his way to besiege Yorks castle at Ludlow
Royal College
Grants a Charter to establish the Royal College of Physicians
Siege of Vienna
Skirmishing between Austrian & Turkish patrols
Parliamentarian Defeat at Powick Bridge
Browne's cavalry is surprised and driven from the field by Prince Rupert.
Protection of Oxford Treasure Convoy
Rupert covers Sir John Byron's withdrawal from Worcester, allowing the Oxford treasure convoy to continue safely toward the King's army.
Royalist Charge at Powick Bridge
Crane serves in the Royalist cavalry that routs Parliament's advance guard.
Siege of Worcester
Rupert of the Rhine does not have enough forces to defend Worcester & camps at Powick Bridge
Salzburg Resignation
Leaves Salzburg service to seek employment elsewhere.
Arrest of John Andrew
Captured near Tarrytown carrying plans for Benedict Arnolds surrender of West Point
Restoration of Paris Parlement
Louis XVI restored the Parlement of Paris after the failure of the crown's attempt to impose judicial restructuring.
Capture of Tripolitsa
Kolokotronis commands Greek forces that capture Tripolitsa
Moldavian Resistance Ends
Pharmakis is captured after the last resistance in Moldavia collapses
Monastery of Secu
Olympios continues resistance in Moldavia before dying at Secu Monastery
Tripolitsa Falls
Ottoman authority in the Peloponnese collapses after Tripolitsa falls
Brussels Expedition
Leads Dutch troops into Brussels in an attempt to suppress the revolution.
Reballion of Samiots
The Samiots rise in revolt under the leadership of Themistoklis Sofoulis
Reballion of Samiots
The Samiots rise in revolt under the leadership of Themistoklis Sofoulis
Discovery of Neptune
Observes Neptune near Le Verrier's predicted position.
Blockade of Istanbul
The British Fleet is ordered to Istanbul.
Istanbul Fleet Deployment Supports Ottoman Defence
The British fleet moves toward Istanbul as Britain and France increase naval support for the Ottoman Empire.
Armament
In a speech says that Germany's future "lay on the water"
1st Mediterranean Flight
Completes the first flight over the Mediterranean
Anti-Submarine Review after U-9 Attack
Churchill reviews protective measures after U-9 sinks three British armoured cruisers in rapid succession.
Invasion of Tsingtau
British force joins Japanese army before Tsingtau
Parliamentary War Committees Explained
Answers questions about the organisation of parliamentary and Cabinet bodies directing the war.
Bolshevik Party
The Party Central Committee approves the list of Bolshevik candidates to the Constituent Assembly, which includes Lenin and Stalin
Election
The Party Central Committee approves the list of Bolshevik candidates to the Constituent Assembly, which includes Lenin and Stalin
Es Salt Captured in Final Offensive
Chaytor's force captures Es Salt during the pursuit east of the Jordan.
Ufa Directory Formed
Avksentiev becomes chairman of the five-member Directory created at Ufa to unite major anti-Bolshevik governments.
Constitution of Great Britain
Adopted "Constitutional & Anti-Socialist" candidate for Epping
Member of Parliament
Adopted "Constitutional & Anti-Socialist" candidate for Epping
Berlin Symphony of a Great City
Directs Berlin: Symphony of a Great City.
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Proclaimed
Becomes king of the newly named Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Proclaimed
Supports the royal house as the unified kingdom is proclaimed.
Meeting with Hitler
The Duke & Duchess of Windsor begin their visit to Germany & meet Hitler. Hitler receives Mussolini, he tries to prize Italy away from its support of Austria. Hitler meets Mussolini in front of an SS Parade & a rally of 800,000
Political Support at Munich
Hitler receives Mussolini, he tries to prize Italy away from its support of Austria
Bad Godesberg
Benes approved general mobilization when the Godesberg talks failed to produce an acceptable settlement.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler allowed Chamberlain to soften the memorandum’s wording but refused changes to its essential demands.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler approved a written memorandum defining Germany’s expanded demands and accelerated occupation timetable.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler claimed prompt German occupation was necessary to protect Sudeten Germans from Czechoslovak authority.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler demanded immediate release of ethnic Germans held in Czechoslovak prisons.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler demanded plebiscites in additional areas not assigned directly to Germany by the population map.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler demanded that German-speaking soldiers be released from the Czechoslovak armed forces.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler linked settlement of German claims to unresolved Polish and Hungarian minority demands.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler refused to guarantee Czechoslovakia’s remaining frontiers without Polish and Hungarian participation.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler required Czechoslovak troops, police, and officials to withdraw from designated districts by October 1.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler required evacuated territory to retain fortifications, factories, rail equipment, food, and livestock.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler stated that Germany would become a satisfied continental power after settlement of the Sudeten question.
Bad Godesberg
Hitler supplied a map identifying territories for immediate occupation and areas proposed for plebiscites.
Bad Godesberg
Ribbentrop presented the German memorandum and its accompanying territorial map to the British delegation.
Bad Godesberg
Syrovy’s government ordered general mobilization after German pressure and frontier threats increased.
Bad Godesberg Meeting
Chamberlain continued discussions while British officials sought written clarification of Hitler’s expanded demands.
Bad Godesberg Meeting
Chamberlain received the German memorandum and accompanying map during the final Godesberg discussions.
Bad Godesberg Meeting
Wilson participated in discussions over the wording and implications of the German memorandum.
Godesberg
Benes approved general mobilization when the Godesberg talks failed to produce an acceptable settlement.
Godesberg
Chamberlain continued discussions while British officials sought written clarification of Hitler’s expanded demands.
Godesberg
Chamberlain received the German memorandum and accompanying map during the final Godesberg discussions.
Godesberg
Hitler allowed Chamberlain to soften the memorandum’s wording but refused changes to its essential demands.
Godesberg
Hitler approved a written memorandum defining Germany’s expanded demands and accelerated occupation timetable.
Godesberg
Hitler claimed prompt German occupation was necessary to protect Sudeten Germans from Czechoslovak authority.
Godesberg
Hitler demanded immediate release of ethnic Germans held in Czechoslovak prisons.
Godesberg
Hitler demanded plebiscites in additional areas not assigned directly to Germany by the population map.
Godesberg
Hitler demanded that German-speaking soldiers be released from the Czechoslovak armed forces.
Godesberg
Hitler linked settlement of German claims to unresolved Polish and Hungarian minority demands.
Godesberg
Hitler refused to guarantee Czechoslovakia’s remaining frontiers without Polish and Hungarian participation.
Godesberg
Hitler required Czechoslovak troops, police, and officials to withdraw from designated districts by October 1.
Godesberg
Hitler required evacuated territory to retain fortifications, factories, rail equipment, food, and livestock.
Godesberg
Hitler stated that Germany would become a satisfied continental power after settlement of the Sudeten question.
Godesberg
Hitler supplied a map identifying territories for immediate occupation and areas proposed for plebiscites.
Godesberg
Ribbentrop presented the German memorandum and its accompanying territorial map to the British delegation.
Godesberg
Syrovy’s government ordered general mobilization after German pressure and frontier threats increased.
Godesberg
Wilson participated in discussions over the wording and implications of the German memorandum.
Treaty of Munich
Krejci directed the mobilization of Czechoslovak forces and occupation of the fortified frontier positions.
Treaty of Munich
Ribbentrop presented the Godesberg memorandum and map setting out Germany's expanded territorial demands.
Treaty of Munich
Syrovy's government ordered general mobilization after the Godesberg negotiations failed.
Health of Sigmund Freud
A heavy cigar smoker, Freud endured more than 30 operations during his life due to oral cancer, he prevailes on his doctor and friend Max Schur to assist him in suicide
Suicide
A heavy cigar smoker, Freud endured more than 30 operations during his life due to oral cancer, he prevailes on his doctor and friend Max Schur to assist him in suicide
Suicide
A heavy cigar smoker, Freud endured more than 30 operations during his life due to oral cancer, he prevailes on his doctor and friend Max Schur to assist him in suicide
George Cross
Initiates the George Cross as the highest award for bravery for citizens
Operation Menace
Authorises the failed Allied expedition against Dakar.
Promotion to Brigadier General
Groves is promoted to brigadier general shortly after taking command of the Manhattan Engineer District.
Agriculture Ministry Appointment
Joins the Italian Social Republic government with responsibility for agriculture and forests.
Communications Ministry Appointment
Joins the Italian Social Republic cabinet as Minister of Communications.
Corporate Economy Ministry Appointment
Joins the first Italian Social Republic cabinet with responsibility for corporate economy.
Defence Ministry Appointment
Accepts responsibility for rebuilding armed forces loyal to the Italian Social Republic.
Education Ministry Appointment
Joins the Italian Social Republic cabinet as Minister of National Education.
Finance Ministry Appointment
Joins the Italian Social Republic cabinet as Minister of Finance.
Foreign Affairs Appointment
Becomes the senior undersecretary handling foreign affairs under Mussolini.
Foreign Affairs Portfolio
Retains direct control of foreign affairs while heading the Italian Social Republic.
German Recognition of RSI
Heads the new Italian Social Republic as Germany recognizes and supports the regime.
Interior Ministry Appointment
Takes responsibility for the Interior Ministry of the Italian Social Republic.
Italian Social Republic
Heads the German-backed Italian Social Republic established in northern and central Italy.
Italian Social Republic Government
Forms a new Fascist government that becomes known as the Italian Social Republic.
Justice Ministry Appointment
Joins the Italian Social Republic cabinet as Minister of Justice.
Kistiakowsky Recruitment Proposal
Oppenheimer proposes recruiting explosives expert George Kistiakowsky to strengthen the expanding implosion programme.
Popular Culture Ministry Appointment
Joins the Italian Social Republic as Minister of Popular Culture.
Public Works Ministry Appointment
Joins the Italian Social Republic cabinet as Minister of Public Works.
Capture of Inchon
North Korean units begin withdrawing to the nth
Health of George VI
Operated on at Buckingham Palace
Checkers Speech
Successfully denies a fund raising scandal on TV. First to successfully use TV during a Presidential election. During the election Nixon makes his Checkers Speech denying a secret slush fund
Election
First to successfully use TV during a Presidential election. During the election Nixon makes his Checkers Speech denying a secret slush fund
Visit to Of King Faisal of Iraq
Visit of King Faisal of Iraq
Real Madrid Friendly Debut
Makes his first appearance for Real Madrid in a friendly against Nancy and scores.
Coup
General Lonardi assumed the presidency and gave a speech from the balcony of the Casa Rosada, saying that there would be "neither victors nor vanquished"
Coup
Lonardi assumes the Presidency and gives a speech from the balcony of the Casa Rosada, saying there would be "none either victorious or defeated"
President of Argentina
Appointed de facto President of Argentina after the overthrow of Juan Domingo Peron
President of Argentina
Lonardi assumes the Presidency and gives a speech from the balcony of the Casa Rosada, saying there would be "none either victorious or defeated"
Revolucion Libertadora
Greeted by chants of Cristo Vence ("Christ is Victorious") when arriving in Buenos Aires. General Lonardi assumed the presidency and gave a speech from the balcony of the Casa Rosada, saying that there would be "neither victors nor vanquished"
Security Council
Submits the Suez dispute to the United Nations Security Council
Security Council
Takes the Suez dispute to the United Nations Security Council after diplomatic proposals fail
Suez Canal
Submits the Suez dispute to the United Nations Security Council
Iowa Farm Visit
Visits an Iowa farm and studies American maize production during his agricultural tour.
General and Complete Disarmament Proposal
Uses his United Nations appearance to advocate general and complete disarmament under international arrangements.
United Nations Colonialism Speech
Addresses the United Nations and attacks colonialism while promoting Soviet support for newly independent states.
Return From European Honeymoon
McCone returned from France after sending warnings that Soviet defensive preparations in Cuba could be masking an offensive missile deployment.
Ceasefire
Ayub Khan accepts the United Nations-backed ceasefire that halts major fighting between Pakistan and India.
Ceasefire
Lal Bahadur Shastri accepts the United Nations-backed ceasefire that ends the main fighting between India and Pakistan.
Ceasefire with Pakistan
India accepts a United Nations-backed ceasefire that ends the main fighting of the 1965 war with Pakistan.
Coup
New elections are held twelve days after the Chilean coup, later designated as Argentine ambassador to Mexico
Diplomatic Mission
New elections are held twelve days after the Chilean coup, later designated as Argentine ambassador to Mexico
Election
New elections are held twelve days after the Chilean coup, later designated as Argentine ambassador to Mexico
Henry Kissinger has discussions with James Callaghan
Henry Kissinger has discussions with James Callaghan after his 10 day tour of Africa
Henry Kissinger has discussions with James Callaghan
Henry Kissinger has discussions with James Callaghan after his 10 day tour of Africa
Orbit
Returns after orbiting the Earth in Soyuz 22 for 8 days
Orbit
Returns after orbiting the Earth in Soyuz 22 for 8 days
Heroes
Releases Heroes, recorded partly in Berlin and centred on one of his most enduring songs.
Ever Fallen in Love
Ever Fallen in Love enters the Official Singles Chart and becomes Buzzcocks' best-known 1970s hit.
Bombing of Abadan
Iraq bombs the Abadan refinery
Invasion of Iran
Orders tank commanders to lead the invasion of Iran
The Elephant Man
Opens on Broadway in The Elephant Man, earning praise for his stage performance as John Merrick.
1988 Campaign Withdrawal
Withdraws from the 1988 presidential race.
International Accord
The Israeli Parliament ratifies the Israel-PLO accord
PLO
The Israeli Parliament ratifies the Israel-PLO accord
The Great Escape Number One Album
Blur's The Great Escape enters the UK albums chart at number one, extending the band's Britpop-era success.
Direct Presidential Election
Wins Yemen's first direct presidential election.
Saleh Wins National Vote
Secures a new mandate as president of the unified republic.
Benfica Managerial Debut
Takes charge of Benfica for his first competitive match as a senior head coach.
Interim Assisted Suicide Policy
Starmer publishes interim factors guiding prosecution decisions in assisted-suicide cases.
King Abdullah University Opened
Opens King Abdullah University of Science and Technology.
King Abdullah University Opened
Chairs the university's founding board during its establishment.
Return from Saudi Arabia
Returns after medical treatment in Saudi Arabia.
Saleh Returns to Sanaa
Political negotiations over transferring power continue.
National Team Coaching Role
Takes responsibility for guiding Portugal toward Euro 2016.
Portugal Manager Appointment
Is appointed manager of the Portugal senior national team.
Confirmatory Referendum Policy
Starmer supports placing a negotiated Brexit outcome before voters in a referendum.
Seventy-Fifth UN General Debate
Uses the UN General Debate to call for withdrawal of Russian-backed forces and restoration of Ukraine's borders.
First Bee Network Buses
Burnham launches the first franchised Bee Network bus services in western Greater Manchester.
Births on September 23
Birth of Johann Franz Encke
Birth of Johann Franz Encke
Birth of Grigory Yevseevich Zinoviev
Birth of Grigory Yevseevich Zinoviev
Birth of Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen
Birth of Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen, later known as a songwriter and rock performer from New Jersey.
Birth of Bruce Springsein
Birth of Bruce Springsein, Freehold, New Jersey
Deaths on September 23
Death of Aelfwald I
Death of Aelwald I
Death of Conrad I
The question of Conrads succession is left open until the follwing year
Death of Urbain Le Verrier
Death of Urbain Le Verrier
Death of Sigmund Freud
Death of Sigmund Freud. A heavy cigar smoker, Freud endured more than 30 operations during his life due to oral cancer, he prevailes on his doctor and friend Max Schur to assist him in suicide
Battles on September 23
Battle of Blore Heath
Captured at the Battle of Blore Heath
Battle of Blore Heath
Leads the Yorkists to victory on his way to joining up with the Duke of York. Helps lead the Yokists to victory ovrer the Lancastrians
Battle of Blore Heath
Fights for the Yorkists
Battle of Powick Bridge
Browne's Parliamentarian cavalry is routed by Prince Rupert at Powick Bridge.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Charles's Royalist cavalry defeats Parliament's advance guard at Powick Bridge.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Crane is knighted after service with the victorious Royalist cavalry at Powick Bridge.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Digby supports Prince Rupert's cavalry during the Royalist victory at Powick Bridge.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Charles's Royalist cavalry defeats Parliament's advance guard at Powick Bridge.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Rupert's Royalist cavalry routs Parliament's advance guard near Powick Bridge while covering the Oxford treasure convoy.
Battle of Powick Bridge
Wins the 1st skirmish of the civil war defeating the Earl of Essex near Worcester. Leads a detachment of 1,000 horse & dragoons & routes a Parliamentary force. Fires on the advanced guard of Parliamentarians who are heading towards Worcester
Battle of Worcester
Rupert of the Rhine does not have enough forces to defend Worcester & camps at Powick Bridge
Battle of Flanborough
Defeats the British ship Serapis on the Bonhomme
Battle of Tournai
A Battle between 50,000 Allies & 45,000 French, both sides retreat
Battle of Tournai
A drawn Battle with the Allies
Battle of Assaye
Defeated at Assaye.
Battle of Assaye
Wins his first military victory
Battle of Dongola
Captures Dongola