Treaty of Flanders
Meets Edward I & agrees to a Treaty restoring trade between England & Flanders
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On this date in world history
July 28 in History
This permanent archive page contains 152 World History Database records for July 28, spanning 1274 to 2025. Recorded topics include Treaty of Flanders; Siege of Rhodes; Murder.
Total: 152Events: 132Births: 3Deaths: 11Battles: 6Countries: 28
Events on July 28
Siege of Rhodes
Begins the siege of Rhodes
Murder
Archbishop John Alen is killed by followers of Silken Thomas during the Kildare rebellion.
Murder
Archbishop John Alen is killed by followers of Silken Thomas during the rebellion.
Execution
Thomas Cromwell is executed after losing Henry VIII's confidence following the Anne of Cleves marriage.
Marriage
Marries Catherine Howard, 5th wife
Marriage
Marries Henry VIII, Henry VIIIs 5th wife
Reform of Bible Use
The English Bible is ordered in every parish church
Discovery of Potatoes
Brought over to Plymouth from Colombia
Calais Fireships Disrupt Armada off Flanders
Drake helps drive fireships toward the anchored Armada, forcing Spanish ships to scatter before the Gravelines fighting.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The English set alight eight fireships, sacrificing regular warships by filling them with pitch, brimstone, some gunpowder and tar, and cast them downwind among the closely anchored vessels of the Armada.
Spanish Armada, 1st
The Spanish feared that these uncommonly large fireships were "hellburners", specialised fireships filled with large gunpowder charges, which had been used to deadly effect at the Siege of Antwerp.
Spanish Armada, 1st
Two were intercepted and towed away, but the remainder bore down on the fleet. Medina Sidonia's flagship and the principal warships held their positions, but the rest of the fleet cut their anchor cables and scattered in confusion
Governor
Receives news from Parliament that he has been appointed Governor of the Isle of Ely
Mobilization
The Convention orders the raising of the "Levied Regiment" & 3 troops of horse
Marriage
Anne marries Prince George of Denmark, at St Jamess Palace, St Annes Day
Marriage
Marries Anne & Prince George of Denmark, at St Jamess Palace, St Annes Day
Marriage
Marries Queen Anne
Surrender of Tournai
The town of Tournai surrenders; its citadel continues resistance until 3 September.
Declaration of War on Russia
Sweden declared war on Russia in an attempt to recover territories lost after the Great Northern War.
Treaty of Berlin, 1742
Signs the Treaty of Berlin confirming the Treaty of Breslau and Prussian possession of most of Silesia.
Treaty of Berlin, 1742
The Treaty of Berlin confirms the preliminary Treaty of Breslau and ends the First Silesian War.
Siege of Quebec
The French launch fire ships in an effort to burn the British fleet
Capture
Hanriot is captured after the collapse of Commune resistance
Capture
Hanriot is captured after the collapse of Commune resistance.
Capture
Augustin Robespierre is injured after trying to escape from the Hotel de Ville
Capture
Augustin Robespierre is injured after trying to escape from the Hotel de Ville.
Capture
Convention troops capture Robespierre after the Commune defence collapses
Capture
Convention troops capture Robespierre after the Commune defence collapses.
Convention Troops
Barras leads Convention forces against the Commune stronghold during the night of 9 to 10 Thermidor
Convention Troops
Barras leads Convention forces against the Commune stronghold during the night of 9 to 10 Thermidor.
Dismissal
Removed from the Revolutionary Tribunal
Dismissal
Robespierre was removed from the Revolutionary Tribunal.
Execution
Couthon is executed as one of the principal Robespierrist leaders
Execution
Couthon is executed as one of the principal Robespierrist leaders.
Execution
Dumas is executed after the fall of the Robespierrists
Execution
Dumas is executed after the fall of the Robespierrists.
Execution
Fleuriot-Lescot is executed for his role in the Paris Commune resistance
Execution
Fleuriot-Lescot is executed for his role in the Paris Commune resistance.
Execution
Hanriot is executed for supporting the Commune revolt against the Convention
Execution
Hanriot is executed for supporting the Commune revolt against the Convention.
Execution
Robespierre is executed and the Jacobin Club loses its dominant position in revolutionary politics
Execution
Robespierre is executed and the Jacobin Club loses its dominant position in revolutionary politics.
Execution
Robespierre is executed by guillotine on 10 Thermidor after being declared an outlaw
Execution
Robespierre is executed by guillotine on 10 Thermidor after being declared an outlaw.
Execution
Taken from the Hotel de Ville & guillotined with 21 of his supporters
Execution
Saint-Just is executed with Robespierre and other allies after the Thermidorian revolt
Execution
Saint-Just is executed with Robespierre and other allies after the Thermidorian revolt.
Execution
Saint-Just is executed with Robespierre and other leading supporters
Execution
Saint-Just is executed with Robespierre and other leading supporters.
Revolutionary Tribunal
Removed from the Revolutionary Tribunal
Thermidorian Reaction
Barras gains influence after commanding the troops that defeated the Commune
Thermidorian Reaction
Barras gains influence after commanding the troops that defeated the Commune.
Thermidorian Reaction
Tallien becomes one of the visible leaders of the victorious Thermidorian deputies
Thermidorian Reaction
Tallien becomes one of the visible leaders of the victorious Thermidorian deputies.
Deputy
Appointed Deputy for the Seine in the Corps Legislatif
Arrival at Vigo
Takes the combined fleet into Vigo after Cape Finisterre.
Invasion of Russia
The French arrive at Wilna
Invasion of Russia
The Russian Army has withdrawn without any trace
Assassination of Edouard Adolphe Casmimir Joeseph Mortier
While accompanying Louis Philippe to a review, the marshal with eleven other persons is killed by a bomb aimed at the King by Fieschi
First Army
Steinmetz sends the German First Army to be massacred by the French who counter-attack
First Army
Loses to the French by sending his First Army to be massacred in a ravine
First Army
Mobilizes the First Army in the north
Mobilization
Mobilizes the Second Army in the centre
Mobilization
Mobilizes the German forces, uses the same plan against the Austrians in 1866
Mobilization
France mobilizes its forces but the frontier fortresses are not ready for a siege
Mobilization
Mobilizes the First Army in the north
Second Army
Mobilizes the Second Army in the centre
Siege of Metz
France mobilizes its forces but the frontier fortresses are not ready for a siege
Execution of Xu Jingcheng
Is executed for opposing war with the powers.
Execution of Yuan Chang
Is executed after warning against war.
Declaration of War
As the acceptance of all ten demands listed in the ultimatum was required, the Austro-Hungarian Government made a decision to enter a state of war with Serbia on 28 July
Declaration of War
Berchtold had added extra clauses to the ultimatum delivered to Serbia as he was very worried the Serbs could accept it.
Declaration of War
Sends a declaration of war to Serbia after they refuse Berchtolds ultimatum. Sends a declaration of war to Serbia after it refuses Berchtolds ultimatum
Declaration of War
The Serbian Government accepted all points of the ultimatum but the one that permitted Austro-Hungarian authorities to participate in the investigation of Archduke Ferdinands assassination on Serbian territory
Declaration of War
which would have been a severe violation of Serbian sovereignty and the countrys constitution.
Diplomatic Ultimatum
As the acceptance of all ten demands listed in the ultimatum was required, the Austro-Hungarian Government made a decision to enter a state of war with Serbia on 28 July
Diplomatic Ultimatum
Berchtold had added extra clauses to the ultimatum delivered to Serbia as he was very worried the Serbs could accept it.
Diplomatic Ultimatum
The Serbian Government accepted all points of the ultimatum but the one that permitted Austro-Hungarian authorities to participate in the investigation of Archduke Ferdinands assassination on Serbian territory
Invasion of Serbia
As the acceptance of all ten demands listed in the ultimatum was required, the Austro-Hungarian Government made a decision to enter a state of war with Serbia on 28 July
Invasion of Serbia
Berchtold had added extra clauses to the ultimatum delivered to Serbia as he was very worried the Serbs could accept it.
Invasion of Serbia
The Serbian Government accepted all points of the ultimatum but the one that permitted Austro-Hungarian authorities to participate in the investigation of Archduke Ferdinands assassination on Serbian territory
Invasion of Serbia
which would have been a severe violation of Serbian sovereignty and the countrys constitution.
July Crisis
As the acceptance of all ten demands listed in the ultimatum was required, the Austro-Hungarian Government made a decision to enter a state of war with Serbia on 28 July
July Crisis
Berchtold had added extra clauses to the ultimatum delivered to Serbia as he was very worried the Serbs could accept it.
July Crisis
The Serbian Government accepted all points of the ultimatum but the one that permitted Austro-Hungarian authorities to participate in the investigation of Archduke Ferdinands assassination on Serbian territory
July Crisis
which would have been a severe violation of Serbian sovereignty and the countrys constitution.
Mobilization
Orders the Fleet to take up its War Stations in the North Sea
Ultimatum
Sends a declaration of war to Serbia after it refuses Berchtolds ultimatum
Which would have been a severe violation of Serbian sovereignty and the
which would have been a severe violation of Serbian sovereignty and the countrys constitution.
War Industries Board
Baruch leads federal coordination of industrial priorities, materials and production during wartime.
President of Brazil
Appointed President of Brazil
Capture of Chang-sha
The Communists capture Chang-sha but the Nationalists soon retake it
End of Asgeir Asgeirsson Government
The Asgeir Asgeirsson Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.
First Hermann Jonasson Government
Begins the First Hermann Jonasson Government and serves as Prime Minister of Iceland.
Prime Minister of Iceland
Appointed Prime Minister of Iceland
Alliance Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Franco-Bahamonde and of the Nationalist side
1st arrival of German and Italian planes in aid of the Nationalist side
Invasion of Spain
German aircraft arrive in Morocco to airlift Francos Army of Africa into Spain
Bombing of Nankai
Japanese aircraft bomb Nankai University during the fighting around Tianjin.
Constitution of Germany
The style of the Head of State was changed to Fuhrer des Groadeutschen Reiches (Leader of the Greater German Reich)
Evacuation of Kiska
Kimura evacuates the Japanese garrison from Kiska under fog, removing thousands of troops without Allied interception.
Capture of Countance
Captures Coutance
Commander of Eighth Corps
Appointed Commander of the Eighth Corps
Commander of Eighth Corps
Appointed Commander of the Eighth Corps
Operation Cobra
By 28 July, the German defenses across the US front had largely collapsed under the full weight of VII and VIII Corps advance, and resistance was disorganised and patchy
Hungary v Sweden Olympic Semi-final
Plays for Hungary in a 6-0 Olympic semi-final victory over Sweden at Helsinki Olympic Stadium.
Hungary v Sweden Olympic Semi-final
Plays for Hungary in a 6-0 Olympic semi-final victory over Sweden at Helsinki Olympic Stadium.
Hungary v Sweden Olympic Semi-final
Plays for Hungary in a 6-0 Olympic semi-final victory over Sweden at Helsinki Olympic Stadium.
Peace
The ceasfire agreement is signed
Wounded during Withdrawal
Sanchez Mosquera is seriously wounded while Battalion 11 escapes the rebel encirclement.
Latin American Youth Congress Speech
Guevara addresses the Latin American Youth Congress on revolution and anti-colonial solidarity.
Conservative Leadership Election
Is elected Leader of the Conservative Party after Alec Douglas-Home resigns.
End of Theo Lefevre Government
The Theo Lefevre Government ends in Brussels, concluding this period as Prime Minister of Belgium.
Pierre Harmel Government
Begins the Pierre Harmel Government in Brussels and serves as Prime Minister of Belgium.
Troop Escalation
Announces expanded US troop commitments to Vietnam
US Combat Escalation
Receives expanded US combat forces after Johnson's escalation decision
Agrarian Reform
Promulgates a stronger agrarian reform law permitting extensive land expropriation.
Nationalization
The British Steel Corporation is formed as major steel companies are brought into public ownership.
Bangla Desh
Releases the single, "Bangla Desh" in America
Skylab 3
Flies an Apollo command module to Skylab.
Sabotage
Records Sabotage during a period of legal and management pressure around the band.
Sabotage
Sings on Sabotage as Black Sabbath releases one of its heaviest mid-1970s albums.
Prime Minister of India
Charan Singh becomes Prime Minister with outside Congress support but never faces a confidence vote in Parliament.
Economy of Peru
Says Peru will limit debt payment to 10% of export earnings
Nuclear Power
President Bush warns Iraq it would be making "an enormous mistake" if it failed to disclose its nuclear weapons program to United Nations inspectors
United Nations
President Bush warns Iraq it would be making "an enormous mistake" if it failed to disclose its nuclear weapons program to United Nations inspectors
Election
Announces his candidacy for another presidential term in the country's first multi-candidate contest.
First Round of Presidential Election
The transitional government conducts the first round of the presidential election.
Disqualification
The Supreme Court disqualifies Nawaz Sharif from holding parliamentary office.
Obamacare Repeal Failure
Senate fails to repeal the Affordable Care Act.
Commonwealth Games Opening Ceremony
Birmingham opens the Commonwealth Games with a ceremony at Alexander Stadium.
Russia Deadline
Sets a shortened deadline for Russia to make progress toward ending the war
Births on July 28
Birth of Henry Bennet
Birth of Henry Bennet
Birth of Richard Wright
Birth of Richard Wright, later keyboardist and vocalist with Pink Floyd
Birth of Steve Peregrin Took
Birth of Steve Peregrin Took, born Stephen Ross Porter
Deaths on July 28
Death of John Speed
John Speed dies in London.
Death of Charles Cavendish
Cavendish is killed after Royalist cavalry are routed near Gainsborough.
Death of Antonio Vivaldi
Antonio Vivaldi died in Vienna after a career as a violinist, teacher, and influential composer.
Death of Maximilien Francois Marie Robespierre
Taken from the hotel de ville & guillotined with 21 of his supporters
Death of Maximilien Francois Marie Robespierre
Taken from the hotel de ville and guillotined with 21 of his supporters.
Death of Philippe Francois Joseph Le Bas
Le Bas kills himself as Convention troops close in on the Robespierrists
Death of Philippe Francois Joseph Le Bas
Le Bas kills himself as Convention troops close in on the Robespierrists.
Death of Edouard Adolphe Casmimir Joeseph Mortier
While accompanying Louis Philippe to a review, the marshal with eleven other persons is killed by a bomb aimed at the King by Fieschi
Death of Marie Dressler
Death of Marie Dressler
Death near Providencia
Chavez is killed alongside Ramon Paz during fighting against retreating battalions.
Death near Providencia
Paz is killed while attempting to block retreating army forces.
Battles on July 28
Battle of Gainsborough
Cromwell helps relieve Gainsborough and drives Royalist cavalry from the field.
Battle of Gainsborough
Wins a victory over Royalist forces
Battle of Talavera
Wellington is victorious, rewarded with the title Duke of Wellington. Defeats King Joseph & Marshal Jourdan
Battle of Gravelotte
The Germans lose 20,000 to the French 12,000. Steinmetz sends the German First Army to be massacred by the French who counter-attack. Decisive German victory which the French could have avoided
Battle of Gravelotte
The Germans lose 20,000 to the French 12,000. Loses to the French by sending his First Army to be massacred in a ravine. Decisive German victory which the French could have avoided
Second Santo Domingo Battle
Castro commits rebel forces against army units withdrawing through the northern sector.