September 11 in History

Lands at Otranto

Captures Pontoise

Possible suicide caused by Dudleys advances to Elizabeth

Captures the city of Heidelberg following an eleven-week siege

Captures the city of Heidelberg following an eleven-week siege

Parliament appoints Sir John Conyers Lieutenant of the Tower of London.

Parliament removes Byron from the lieutenancy of the Tower of London.

Walwyn is associated with the London Leveller leadership as supporters present a major petition to Parliament demanding political and legal reforms grounded in popular liberties

Leveller supporters present a large London petition to Parliament demanding reforms associated with the Agreement of the People

Killed during the first days assault on Drogheda

Orders a massacre of 1,500, including English Royalists, civilians & Catholic priests. More that 3,500 defenders of Drogheda are killed, including 1,000 civilians. Launches a policy of terror to prevent the "effusion of blood". 1st day of the assault on Drogheda but Cromwell is forced to make a temporary retreat

Cromwell storms Drogheda after refusing surrender terms and captures the Royalist garrison.

John Sobieski III rescues Vienna from the Turks & Hungarians

John comes to the Austrians defence after the Turks reach Vienna

Philip marries Maria Luisa Gabriella of Savoy by proxy.

Wins a costly victory beside Prince Eugene.

Boufflers conducts an orderly French withdrawal after the costly battle at Malplaquet.

Villars is wounded during the Battle of Malplaquet and command passes to Boufflers.

Berwick leads the final Bourbon assault that captures Barcelona and ends Catalan resistance.

Maria Theresa appealed to the Hungarian Diet for military and financial support against her enemies.

Meets John Adams & Benjamin Franklin at a peace conference at Staten Island. Demands revocation of the Declaration of Independence

Meets John Adams & Benjamin Franklin at a peace conference at Staten Island

The Constituent Assembly granted Louis XVI only a suspensive veto, limiting the king's ability to block ordinary legislation.

Marches on New York from Montreal but is turned back at Lake Champlan

Receives news that Ibrahim Pasha has captured Diriyah and ended the first Saudi state.

Publishes a Tribune analysis of the results and political consequences of the British election.

Helps found the National Republican Association known as the Colorado Party.

Villa's FA Cup trophy is stolen while displayed in a Birmingham shop window.

Goes into Portuguese South-East Africa

Calls on his fellow Indians to defy the new law and suffer the punishments for doing so, rather than resist through violent means

Start of a seven-year struggle in which thousands of Indians were jailed (including Gandhi), flogged, or even shot, for striking, refusing to register, burning their registration cards, or engaging in other forms of non-violent resistance.

The Transvaal Government promulgates a new Act compelling registration of the colonys Indian population, at a mass protest meeting Gandhi adopts his evolving methodology of satyagraha (devotion to the truth), or non-violent protest.

Calls on his fellow Indians to defy the new law and suffer the punishments for doing so, rather than resist through violent means

Start of a seven-year struggle in which thousands of Indians were jailed (including Gandhi), flogged, or even shot, for striking, refusing to register, burning their registration cards, or engaging in other forms of non-violent resistance.

The Transvaal Government promulgates a new Act compelling registration of the colonys Indian population, at a mass protest meeting Gandhi adopts his evolving methodology of satyagraha (devotion to the truth), or non-violent protest.

Resigns as Bavarian prime minister after losing the struggle to preserve the Einwohnerwehr and its armed strength.

Military officers establish a revolutionary committee after the Asia Minor defeat.

Leaves the League of Nations in protest at Germany joining

Portuguese Treaty with South Africa regulates transport & labour recruitment

Supports League collective security during the Abyssinia crisis.

Declares Britain will use collective resistance against aggression

Declares Britain will use collective resistance against aggression

First day of the Nuremberg Rally

The Eastern countries will patrol their own shores. 9 powers agree Britain & France will patrol Mediterranean trade with 60 destroyers

Upper Silesia is captured by the Germans

Graf Spee begins an extended wait roughly 900 miles east of Bahia while Berlin withholds permission to attack Allied merchant shipping.

Upper Silesia is captured by the Germans

Replaces Marshal Voroshilov on the Northern Front

Replaces Marshal Voroshilov on the Northern Front

Hitler postpones his order for invasion from 11th Sept to 14th Sept

The 11th Septmber deadline is passed & the invasion of England is cancelled. Postpones Operation Sea Lion by 3 days to the 24th September

Takes over the defense of Leningrad

Appointed Commander of the Eleventh Army

Manstein is given the task of capturing the Crimea

Capture Crotone to divert the Germans from the US 5th who are moving towards Naples

Launches the German counterattacks after the Allied landings at Salerno

Services on the Parisian metro are resumed

Appointed Secretary of State for Defence

The Steingrimur Steinthorsson Government ends, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Iceland.

Begins the Fourth Olafur Thors Government and serves as Prime Minister of Iceland.

Sangkum wins national elections and establishes Sihanouk's post-abdication dominance

Launches the People-to-People initiative to encourage citizen-level international exchanges.

Oswald was released from active Marine duty on September 11, 1959, and transferred to the Marine Corps Reserve.

The Beatles 1st recording session leads to their 1st single "Love Me Do"

The Beatles 1st recording session leads to their 1st single "Love Me Do"

George Harrison forms his own publishing company called Mornyork Ltd, later to become Harrisongs

Adopts the official name Arab Republic of Egypt under the new constitution.

Promulgates a new constitution and changes the country's official name to the Arab Republic of Egypt.

Promulgates the permanent constitution after referendum approval.

The Armed Forces and Carabineros of Chile assume control of the Government

Assumes leadership of the military junta after the armed forces overthrow the constitutional government.

Remains in La Moneda during the military coup that ends his government.

Leads the military junta established after the armed forces overthrow President Salvador Allende.

Releases The Wild the Innocent and the E Street Shuffle, deepening his Asbury Park storytelling style.

The government declares approval of a new constitution in a plebiscite conducted without normal electoral registers.

Holds a plebiscite approving a new constitution without established democratic electoral safeguards.

Presents views on changing economic management mechanisms

During a speech in a special joint session of the US Congress given on 11 September 1990, US President George H.

During a speech in a special joint session of the US Congress given on 11 September 1990, US President George H.

W.

It was then that I decided to act to check that aggression.".

It was then that I decided to act to check that aggression.".

Addresses Congress on the international response to Iraq.

Explains coalition objectives to a joint session of Congress.

Insists Iraq must withdraw and Kuwait's government be restored.

W.

US Defense Secretary Dick Cheney made the first of several visits to Saudi Arabia where King Fahd requested US military assistance.

US Defense Secretary Dick Cheney made the first of several visits to Saudi Arabia where King Fahd requested US military assistance.

"Yes-Yes" vote in referendum on Scottish Parliament

"Yes-Yes" vote in referendum on Scottish Parliament

"Yes-Yes" vote in referendum on Scottish Parliament

"Yes-Yes" vote in referendum on Scottish Parliament

President Yeltsin yields to pressure from the communist-dominated Duma to appoint Yevgeny Primakov as Prime Minister

Accepts Yevgeny Primakov as prime minister after the Duma rejects Yeltsin's preferred return of Viktor Chernomyrdin.

President Yeltsin yields to pressure from the communist-dominated Duma to appoint Yevgeny Primakov as Prime Minister

The Movement for Democratic Change is formed as a major opposition party.

Tsvangirai becomes leader of a new opposition movement rooted in labour and civic groups.

Al-Qaeda hijack aeroplanes & destroy the Twin Towers, nearly 3,000 are killed

Al-Qaeda hijack aeroplanes & destroy the Twin Towers, nearly 3,000 are killed

Al-Qaeda hijack aeroplanes & destroy the Twin Towers, nearly 3,000 are killed

Al-Qaeda hijack aeroplanes & destroy the Twin Towers, nearly 3,000 are killed

Libya condemns the attacks and offers cooperation against Al-Qaeda.

Gaddafi uses counterterrorism cooperation to pursue improved relations with Western governments.

Releases Love and Theft.

Ramzi Binalshibh is arrested in Karachi on the anniversary of the attacks on America. He is accused of being a leading member of alQaeda and one of the main planners of the 11 September attacks

Appointed Prime Minister after the Democratic Party returns to government

Appointed Prime Minister of Albania

Senator Carl Levin, Democrat from Michigan, says, "Year after year, the president and the administration have touted progress in Iraq and called for patience. It has been a litany of delusion"

Petraeus and Ryan Crocker face more intense and critical questioning from members of the Senate Foreign Relations and Armed Services committees, they failed to answer definitely repeated questions about how long US troops would be in Iraq

Petraeus and Ryan Crocker face more intense and critical questioning from members of the Senate Foreign Relations and Armed Services committees, they failed to answer definitely repeated questions about how long US troops would be in Iraq

Mihai Ghimpu becomes acting President as President of Parliament

Voronin leaves office after two presidential terms

Birth of Farrukhsiyar, second son of Azim ush Shan, a son of former emperor Bahadur Shah I

Announces the death of Dudleys wife

Aston is killed after Parliamentarian troops storm Drogheda.

Spends many months at his official retreat in Ziarat, but dies from a combination of tuberculosis and lung cancer

Spends many months at his official retreat in Ziarat, but dies from a combination of tuberculosis and lung cancer

Muhammad Ali Jinnah dies after thirteen months as Governor-General.

Death of Jan Christiaan Smuts

Death of Jan Smuts, on his family farm of Doornkloof, Irene, near Pretoria, South Africa at the age of 80

Dies in Moscow at age seventy-seven after several years outside public political life.

Death of Salvador Allende

Dies inside La Moneda during the coup; later official investigations conclude that he took his own life.

Prince Paul dies in Paris, aged 83, without ever returning to Yugoslavia

Surrey retreats to York with a fraction of his army intact. Routes the troops of the Earl of Surrey

Routed by William Wallace

The Austrians inflict a heavy defeat on the Turks near Belgrade

Boufflers supports Villars and helps organise French resistance at Malplaquet.

Serves in the Allied command during the costly battle.

John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, fights at the Battle of Malplaquet.

Marlborough and Eugene drive the French from Malplaquet in a costly Allied victory.

At the desperate Battle of Malplaquet, Lord Orkneys battalions lead the charge toward the French entrenchments, suffering serious losses

Serves in the Duke of Malboroughs HQ, "the greatest day of my life"

George Hamilton leads infantry in the costly Allied assault against French entrenchments at Malplaquet.

Commands troops during the Allied victory at Malplaquet.

Villars commands the French army at Malplaquet and inflicts heavy losses despite retreating.

Inflicts heavy Allied losses despite French defeat.

Howe forces George Washington back towards Philadelphia

Howe forces George Washington back towards Philadelphia

Daulat Rao Scindia's forces are defeated near Delhi during the East India Company's northern campaign.

Marches on New York from Montreal but is turned back at Lake Champlan

The Austrians are decisivly defeated & forced back into the Carpathian Mountains

Claims two Bf 109s and a He 111 destroyed.

Records three victories during one day of Battle of Britain fighting.

A. B. Tarapore leads his armoured regiment during the Battle of Phillora and is later awarded the Param Vir Chakra for his actions.