September 30 in History

Parliament accepts Richards abdication & declares Bolingbroke Henry IV

Succeeds as King of England, chosen by Parliament to succeed Richard II

Henry VII concludes a truce with Scotland by the Peace of Ayton

Faces renewed examination before execution.

Faces formal heresy proceedings before execution.

Opening day of Parliament

Marries Mary of Medina, a Catholic, 15 yr old called "daughter of the Pope"

James II marries Mary of Modena, a Catholic

Marries James II

Takes Strasbourg during the Reunions policy.

Saint-Venant is taken during the Allied sieges of September 1710.

At the Constituent Assembly's close, crowds singled out Petion and Robespierre for a public ovation.

Crowds acclaimed Robespierre at the close of the Constituent Assembly, reflecting his growing popular reputation.

Composes Die Zauberflote, known in English as The Magic Flute.

Die Zauberflote premieres at the Theater auf der Wieden.

Conducts the first performance of Die Zauberflote.

Writes the libretto and performs Papageno at the premiere of Die Zauberflote

Crowds protest Bristol Bridge tolls and proposed street changes.

Appointed Lieutenant Colonel

Ends the alliance with France signed in 1778

Sails with HMS Erebus and HMS Terror on the British Antarctic expedition that will explore the Ross Sea region

Prussia accepts Franzs offer to help administer the German Confederation

Says great issues of the day will be decided by "iron & blood". Asks the Landtag to increase the Army Budget

Bismarck makes a famous speech to the Budget Committee of the Prussian Chamber of Deputies in which he expounds on the use of "iron and blood" to achieve Prussia's goals

Founds the League of Gaels

Campbell leads the weakened Northern Party away from Inexpressible Island on the long journey back toward Cape Evans.

Campbell leads the Northern Party away from its winter cave and south toward Cape Evans.

Priestley leaves Inexpressible Island with the Northern Party for the long sledge journey back to Cape Evans.

The 6th Army comes to Klucks assistance & the French are driven back

The 6th Army comes to Klucks assistance & the French are driven back

Moves with Arab forces during the final advance toward Damascus.

Bonar Law ops the "Feed The Guns Campaign" to raise a 2nd 1 billion pounds war loan

Bonar Law ops the "Feed The Guns Campaign" to raise a 2nd 1 billion pounds war loan

Bulgaria agrees an armistice with the Allies

Resigns as Chancellor at the request of the German Generals

Bulgaria leaves the war, opening the Balkans further to Allied advance.

Wills tells the Senate that womens suffrage is "a vitally necessary war measure"

Bulgarian hostilities cease as Bulgaria agrees to the Allied terms

Wills tells the Senate that womens suffrage is "a vitally necessary war measure"

Resigns from the Army, Groener earned the enmity of much of the military leadership, much of whom sought the retention of the monarchy

Major Fedor von Bock crushes a coup attempt by the Black Reichswehr

A coup attempt by the Black Reichswehr is crushed in Thuringia.

Major Fedor von Bock crushes a coup attempt by the Black Reichswehr

Major Fedor von Bock crushes a coup attempt by the Black Reichswehr

Major Fedor von Bock crushes a coup attempt by the Black Reichswehr

Major Fedor von Bock crushes a coup attempt by the Black Reichswehr

A decree is issued militarising the militias, creates the Popular Army

Signs the Munich Agreement

The Czechoslovak Government, realizing the hopelessness of fighting the Nazis alone, reluctantly capitulated (30 September) and agreed to abide by the agreement

The settlement gave Germany the Sudetenland starting 10 October, and de facto control over the rest of Czechoslovakia as long as Hitler promised to go no further.

With Sudetenland gone to Germany, Czecho-Slovakia lost its defensible border with Germany and its fortifications.

Signs the Munich Agreement

Demands immediate Czech withdrawal from Teschen

After Munich, Jodl records approval of Hitler's success in neutralising Czechoslovakia without immediate war.

Warsaw denounces the 1925 military Treaty with Czechoslovakia

Beck's government pressed Czechoslovakia to surrender the Teschen district during the immediate aftermath of Munich.

Benes accepted the imposed settlement rather than order resistance without expected French or British support.

Chamberlain displayed the Anglo-German declaration after returning to Britain and described the settlement as peace with honour.

Declares from 10 Downing St there will be "peace for our time". Brings "peace with honor"

Chamberlain told the crowd at Downing Street that he believed the settlement meant peace for their time.

Agreed in the early hours, Chamberlain & Daladier must break it to the Czechs

Chamberlain and Hitler signed a separate Anglo-German declaration expressing a desire to resolve future disputes through consultation.

Chamberlain signed the Munich Agreement in the early hours after the four powers settled the evacuation timetable.

Daladier signed the agreement requiring Czechoslovakia to evacuate designated Sudeten territories.

Daladier returned to Paris and received a large public welcome despite his doubts about the agreement.

Hitler signed the agreement authorizing German occupation of the Sudetenland between October 1 and October 10.

Hitler signed the bilateral declaration with Chamberlain after concluding the four-power agreement.

Krofta received and protested the settlement imposed on Czechoslovakia without its participation.

Litvinov criticized the exclusion of the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia from the Munich conference.

Mussolini signed the agreement and its annexes concerning guarantees and minority questions.

Syrovy's government accepted the Munich terms under intense British, French, German, and Italian pressure.

Heads the Polish Government in exile, 1939-1943

The Admiral Graf Spee sinks the steamship Clement

The Admiral Graf Spee sinks the steamship Clement

Clement became Admiral Graf Spee's first wartime merchant victim when the German raider sank her southeast of Pernambuco on 30 September 1939.

Russia signs Treaty of Mutual Assistance with Estonia to occupy 4 Estonian naval bases

Guderian takes Yeremenko by surprise when he begins to attack Moscow

The Germans begin their final offensive to take Moscow

Provides air support for Guderians panzer groups

The Germans begin their final offensive to take Moscow

Guderian takes Yeremenko by surprise when he begins to attack Moscow

Calais is liberated by the Canadian 3rd Division

The Home Armys rebellion in Warsaw is crushed by an SS massacre of the insurgents. Captured by the Germans

Captured by the Germans

The cause of B Reactor's unexpected shutdown is identified as xenon-135, a powerful neutron absorber produced during fission.

Survives a military aircraft crash into the Pacific near Point Reyes and swims to shore.

Lee enrolled in seventh grade at Public School 117 on September 30, 1952, after leaving the Lutheran school.

The Eriksen Government ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Denmark.

Begins the Second Hedtoft Premiership in Copenhagen and serves as Prime Minister of Denmark.

Doenitz is released from prison

Visits Beijing for the tenth anniversary of the People's Republic amid worsening Sino-Soviet relations.

The leadership decide that the Amnesty appeal would form the basis of a permanent organisation, which on 30 September 1962 is officially named "Amnesty International"

The leadership decide that the Amnesty appeal would form the basis of a permanent organisation, which on 30 September 1962 is officially named "Amnesty International"

The return-bus reservation is recorded as H. O. Lee, apparently from the name order shown on Oswald's tourist card.

Oswald purchases international exchange orders for bus travel from Mexico City to Laredo and onward to Dallas.

The travel orders for Oswald's return journey cost $20.30, covering Mexican and United States bus segments.

Oswald's travel agency reservation assigns seat 12 for the northbound Transportes del Norte journey.

A travel agency reserves Oswald a seat on Transportes del Norte bus 332 scheduled to leave Mexico City on October 2.

Agreement on Measures to Reduce the Risk of Outbreak of Nuclear War Between the US and USSR is signed in Washington and enters into force

Signs the nuclear risk reduction agreement with the United States.

Agreement on Measures to Reduce the Risk of Outbreak of Nuclear War Between the US and USSR is signed in Washington and enters into force

Healey defends his measures to support the pound at the annual party conference.

Arrives in Melbourne for the Commonwealth Conference

Arrives in Melbourne for the Commonwealth Conference

Releases Nebraska, a stark solo album recorded largely on a home cassette recorder.

Retires as President of the USSR

Senegambia Confederation ends during Diouf's presidency

Releases Time Out of Mind.

ESA names its planned Mercury mission BepiColombo in honour of Giuseppe Colombo's pioneering work on Mercury and planetary flyby trajectories.

Blair says would serve third term as Prime Minister if Labour win another general election, but that he would not fight a fourth general election as Labour leader

Blair says would serve third term as Prime Minister if Labour win another general election, but that he would not fight a fourth general election as Labour leader

The last US military personnel leave the Keflavik base, ending a military presence dating back to 1951, the US says it will defend Iceland as a NATO ally

The last US military personnel leave the Keflavik base, ending a military presence dating back to 1951, the US says it will defend Iceland as a NATO ally

The last US military personnel leave the Keflavik base, ending a military presence dating back to 1951, the US says it will defend Iceland as a NATO ally

Public outreach and victim participation work expand around the tribunal

Ahmed Akbar Sobhan, a property tycoon and one of Bangladeshs richest men, his wife and three sons are sentenced in absentia to five years each in jail as part of a Government anti-corruption drive

Announces a state guarantee covering major liabilities of Irish domestic banks during the financial crisis.

Gustav swelled to a fearsome Category 3 hurricane with winds of 120 mph (195 kph) as it shrieked toward the heartland of Cuba's cigar industry on a track to hit the US Gulf Coast, three years after Hurricane Katrina

Announces agreement on the USMCA trade deal replacing NAFTA.

Claims annexation of Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions.

Declares the annexation of Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia and Kherson regions

Signs Ukraine's request for accelerated accession to NATO.

Starmer announces reforms linking post-sixteen education more closely with national skills needs.

Hans Geiger is born in Neustadt an der Haardt.

The future developer of radiation counters is born in Germany.

Birth of Elie Wiesel

Birth of Angie Dickinson

Birth of Marc Bolan.

Death of James Dean

Death of Simone Signoret

Commands an English force to victory against a much bigger French force at the Battle of Morlaix

Frederick II the Great defeats Charles of Lorraines Austrian Army

Frederick II the Great defeats Charles of Lorraines Austrian Army

De la Rey orders an attack on Kekewich's column near the Selons River at Moedwil.

Kekewich directs the defence of his camp at Moedwil and is wounded during the Boer attack.

Kemp leads the main Boer assault against the British bivouac at Moedwil.

The 6th Army comes to Klucks assistance & the French are driven back. The French consolidate & become entreched in a line from Albert to Nyon

The 6th Army comes to Klucks assistance & the French are driven back. The French consolidate & become entreched in a line from Albert to Nyon