January 25 in History

Londoners refuse to obey the Mise of Amiens

Louis IX rules in Henrys favour

The Oxford Provisions are declared void by the Mise of Amiens. A judgement of Louis IX in favor of Henry III against the English barons

The Provisions of Oxford are declared invalid

Louis declares the Provisions of Oxford null & void

Louis declares the Provisions of Oxford null & void

The Mise of Amiens provokes de Montfort into leading another Barons War. Louis IX finds in favor of Henry III & exempts him from the Provisions of Oxford

The Oxford Provisions are declared void by the Mise of Amiens

Rules against the Provisions of Oxford, Simon de Montfort leads a civil war. Helps release Henry III from the Provisions of Oxford

Londoners join Despenser who hold the Tower & burn the manor of the King of the Romans

Londoners join Despenser who hold the Tower & burn the manor of the King of the Romans

Edward II married Isabella of France, the daughter of King Philippe IV of France

Placed under the dual control of a regency Council of Barons led by Henry of Lancaster

Succeeds as King of ngland, age 14 at his succession

Court is dominated by Roger de Mortimer while Edward is held at the Tower of London

Discovers Brazil & claims it for Portugal

A proxy mariage for James IV & Margaret takes place, Bothwell stands in for his King

Henry's seventh and final Parliament opens at Westminster and deals with finance, law and control of retaining.

Marries Henry VIII, secret wedding while pregnant with the future Elizabeth I

Henry VIII marries Anne Boleyn in a secret ceremony while his marriage to Catherine of Aragon is still disputed.

Marries Anne Boleyn in secret

Faces the Kentish rising as Wyatt raises his standard of revolt.

Raises the standard of revolt in Kent against Mary's Spanish marriage.

Marches against Mary's Spanish marriage and the perceived threat to English autonomy.

Raises his standard in Kent against the Spanish marriage.

Elizabeth opens her first parliament to settle religion and succession

Attends the opening of a Reformation Parliament

Attends the opening of a Reformation Parliament

Captured at Nantwich while serving the Royalists, Monck is sent as a prisoner to London.

Brereton joins Fairfax in breaking the Royalist siege of Nantwich and restoring Parliament's position in Cheshire.

Acts as a teller in a Lords division concerning whether the king should seek parliamentary advice before travelling to Scotland or Ireland.

Founds Sydney, becomes Australia Day

Pius VII signs a concordat with Napoleon

Pius VII signs a concordat with Napoleon

Temporarily assumes the presidency during the transition from the office of Supreme Director.

Marries Victoria, eldest daughter of Queen Victoria.

Marries Victoria, Princess Royal of Great Britain.

Royal orders force Moltke to submit to Bismarck who wishes to end the war

Worlds largest diamond discovered in the Prime Minister diamond mine in South Africa

Succeeds John Fisher as First Sea Lord.

Fisher retires as First Sea Lord after more than five years directing major reforms of the Royal Navy.

Becomes the Royal Navy's senior professional officer.

Pennell takes Terra Nova away from Cape Evans to continue ship operations and return toward New Zealand.

Returns safely to Framheim with the South Pole party after completing the polar journey

The team return to Framheim with 11 dogs

The team returned to Framheim with 11 surviving dogs

Fisher submits a naval-policy memorandum warning against weakening home-water margins for peripheral operations.

Fisher argues against using major fighting ships for bombardment unless operations are supported by adequate military forces.

San Giovanni di Medua (Albania) captured by Austrian forces

By 25 January the entire army of Montenegro had laid down its weapons

Mount Lovcen was the key defensive position of the Montenegrin army, who defended it as a citadel with roughly 2/3 of its forces. The Austrian-Hungarians, under Croatian general Stjepan Sarkotic, gathered large quantities of heavy artillery in Kotor, supported by ships artillery from the Austro-Hungarian Navy

By 25 January the entire army of Montenegro had laid down its weapons

Mount Lovcen was the key defensive position of the Montenegrin army, who defended it as a citadel with roughly 2/3 of its forces. The Austrian-Hungarians, under Croatian general Stjepan Sarkotic, gathered large quantities of heavy artillery in Kotor, supported by ships artillery from the Austro-Hungarian Navy

Elected 1st woman MP, 1919-1945, succeeds her husband as Member of Parliament for Plymouth

Elected Member of Parliament for Plymouth, 1st woman MP

German note sent to London suggesting western security pact

Later in January, a German diplomatic note asks London to consider the proposed western pact.

Kerensky records his position on political lectures in exile.

Documents are found signed by Hess clearing an Austrian Nazi revolt in the Spring. Austrian police raid the Committee of Seven Vienna HQ

It is revealed to Hitler that Blomberg had married a whore & he resigns. Hitler & Goering were witnesses at Blombergs wedding

Blomberg resigns after Heydrichs SD exposes Blombergs wifes record of prostitution

Blomberg resigns after Heydrichs SD exposes Blombergs wifes record of prostitution

Hitler uses Blombergs resignation to become Commander in Chief

Roosevelt & Churchill agree to supply Stalin war materials & divert German forces

Marches 1,500 miles & joins up with Montgomerys Eighth Army

The German troops are "liquidated"

The directive appointing Eisenhower Supreme Allied Commander for Overlord is issued

The 1st & 2nd Ukranian Fronts attempt to cut off the Germans

The directive appointing Eisenhower Supreme Allied Commander for Overlord is issued. Appointed Supreme Allied Commander

The directive appointing Eisenhower Supreme Allied Commander for Overlord is issued. Appointed Supreme Allied Commander

Moves his HQ to Gloggau on the Oder to defend it from the Soviet advance

Comecons foundation is publicly announced

Elected Prime Minister, Israels 1st national election

Elected Prime Minister, Israels 1st national election

Anti-British riots follow after British forces seize the police HQ at Ismailia

Anti-British riots follow after British forces seize the police HQ at Ismailia

Anti-British riots follow British forces seize the police HQ at Ismailia

The Soviet Union formally ends its state of war with Germany.

Russia declares an end to belligerency with Germany

Rifai participates in constitutional reform connected with Jordanian political and historical developments.

Civic Military Directory replaces the 1960 junta

Cordon Cea becomes provisional President before new elections

FBI headquarters questioned the Dallas office about why the Hosty entry had been omitted from the earlier report on Oswald's address book.

Nixon proposes "mutual withdrawal" of troops, no bombing of NV

The first substantive peace talks in Paris

Directs MASH

Stars as Hawkeye Pierce in MASH

After hearing that Obote was planning to arrest him for misappropriating army funds, Amin seized power in a military coup when Obote is attending a Commonwealth summit meeting in Singapore

After hearing that Obote was planning to arrest him for misappropriating army funds, Amin seized power in a military coup when Obote is attending a Commonwealth summit meeting in Singapore

After hearing that Obote was planning to arrest him for misappropriating army funds, Amin seized power in a military coup when Obote is attending a Commonwealth summit meeting in Singapore.

Amin's government expelled 49,000 Ugandan Asians.

Idi Amin Dada overthrows President Obote.

Idi Amin is initially welcomed both within Uganda and by the international community, In an internal memo, the British Foreign Office described him as "A splendid type and a good football player."

Over 300,000 opponents of the new regime are killed.

After hearing that Obote was planning to arrest him for misappropriating army funds, Amin seized power in a military coup when Obote is attending a Commonwealth summit meeting in Singapore

Nixon announce Kissinger has been secretly negotiating for peace in Paris

Nixon announce Kissinger has been secretly negotiating for peace in Paris

The 8 point peace proposal to north Vietnam is made public

Speaks in a Commons immigration debate while remaining one of the country's most prominent advocates of restrictive immigration policy.

Mark Perry, founder of the leading London punk periodical, Sniffin Glue, let loose with what he would later call his "big quote": "Punk died the day The Clash signed to CBS

The Clash sign to CBS Records for œ100,000, a remarkable amount for a band that had played a total of about thirty gigs and almost none as a headliner

The Clash sign to CBS Records for œ100,000, a remarkable amount for a band that had played a total of about thirty gigs and almost none as a headliner

The monthly unemployment figures reach the highest since 1948

The group played their first gig as Joy Division

Helps found the SDP with Jenkins, Shirley Williams and Bill Rodgers.

Helps form the SDP as one of the Gang of Four.

Joins Jenkins, David Owen and Bill Rodgers in the SDP breakaway.

Signs the Limehouse Declaration with other Labour defectors launching the SDP project.

One of the Gang of Four, former Labour ministers who found the SDP.

One of the "Gang of Four", former Labour Minister's who found the SDP

One of the "Gang of Four", former Labour Minister's who found the SDP

Sentenced to death, suspended for 2 yrs, "Gang of Four" members recieve long sentences

Maos widow is sentenced to death, suspended for 2 yrs

Jiang Qing receives a suspended death sentence for counter-revolutionary crimes connected to the Cultural Revolution

A director of French arms sales who is assassinted by Action Directe

A director of French arms sales who is assassinted by Action Directe

The US records a record trade defecit of $123 billion in 1984

Resigns over the Westland Affair

Resigns over the Westland Affair

Resigns over the Westland Affair

Leon Brittan resigns

Death of Ava Lavinia Gardner

Becomes economic affairs minister as Denmark prepares to implement the monetary provisions of the Edinburgh settlement.

The Schlüter Premiership ends in Copenhagen, concluding this term as Prime Minister of Denmark.

Becomes prime minister as Denmark prepares legislation and a second referendum on the Edinburgh settlement and Maastricht Treaty.

Becomes foreign minister and takes responsibility for completing Denmark's Maastricht ratification process.

Begins the Nyrup Rasmussen Premiership in Copenhagen and serves as Prime Minister of Denmark.

Appointed Prime Minister of Denmark

The Peoples Party wins 6 out of 9 elected seats in a 30 member Parliament

Appointed Foreign Minister

A complaint is submitted in Dakar, Senegal, against former Chad dictator Hissene Habre, it details 97 allegations of political killings, 142 cases of torture and 100 disappearances

Appointed President of Georgia

Hamas wins Palestinian legislative elections creating a power struggle with Abbas and Fatah

Parliamentary committee approves Moshe Katsavs request to suspend himself after Israels attorney general announces that he would indict Katsav on charges of rape, sexual harassment, abuse of power, and other charges

Burnham becomes Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport.

Voters approve the new constitution in a national referendum.

Nicknamed "Chemical Ali" in the region, al-Majid is part of the group of leader who are deemed responsible for the deaths of approximately 180,000 Kurds in the Iraq War, a devastation many call genocide

Ali Hassan al-Majid, cousin of and former aid to Sadaam Hussein, is executed in Iraq for his role in the poison-gas attack of the village of Halabja, where 5,000 Kurds were killed

Ali Hassan al-Majid, cousin of and former aid to Sadaam Hussein, is executed in Iraq for his role in the poison-gas attack of the village of Halabja, where 5,000 Kurds were killed

Nicknamed "Chemical Ali" in the region, al-Majid is part of the group of leader who are deemed responsible for the deaths of approximately 180,000 Kurds in the Iraq War, a devastation many call genocide. Ali Hassan al-Majid, cousin of and former aid to Sadaam Hussein, is executed in Iraq for his role in the poison-gas attack of the village of Halabja, where 5,000 Kurds were killed

Nicknamed "Chemical Ali" in the region, al-Majid is part of the group of leader who are deemed responsible for the deaths of approximately 180,000 Kurds in the Iraq War, a devastation many call genocide. Ali Hassan al-Majid, cousin of and former aid to Sadaam Hussein, is executed in Iraq for his role in the poison-gas attack of the village of Halabja, where 5,000 Kurds were killed

Signs Executive Order 13767 on border wall planning and construction.

Orders construction of a wall along the southern border.

Signs Executive Order 13768 expanding immigration enforcement.

Agrees to reopen the federal government after the longest shutdown in United States history.

Agrees to reopen government after record-length shutdown.

Approves sending Abrams tanks to Ukraine.

Borjana Kristo becomes Chairwoman of the Council of Ministers

Announces Germany will provide Leopard 2 tanks and allow re-exports to Ukraine

Approves sending Leopard tanks to Ukraine.

Birth of Robert Boyle

Birth of Robert Burns

Birth of William Somerset Maughan

Birth of Virginia Woolf

Virginia Stephen, later Virginia Woolf, is born in London.

The future modernist writer is born at Hyde Park Gate.

Birth of Paul Henri-Charles Spaak

Birth of Edward Shevarnadze

Birth of Maria Corazon Aquino

Death of Christian II former King of Denmark Norway and Sweden

A director of French arms sales who is assassinted by Action Directe

Death of Ava Gardner

Joins forces with Fairfax & helps defeat Royalists led by Lord Byron

Forced to retreat to Chester

Defeated by Fairfax. Byrons infantry join the Parliamentarians

Fairfax helps defeat Byron's Royalist army at Nantwich, relieving the town and weakening Royalist control in Cheshire.

Defeats Irish Royalists & local troops who have laid siege to Nantwich

Monck is captured by Parliamentarian forces after the Royalist defeat at Nantwich.

A mile long stretch of French trenches is stormed at Hill 304 but recaptured

Takes part in the Arab victory at Tafileh and is later awarded the Distinguished Service Order.

Coronation of Edward III, the country is ruled by Mortimer and Isabella